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  • Episode #270: Adelina Kamal, who makes her second appearance on the podcast, guides listeners through an enlightening journey into the complex and often fraught world of humanitarian aid and crisis management. With nearly three decades of experience within the ASEAN system, Adelina brings to the table a wealth of knowledge about the political and operational nuances of delivering humanitarian aid in regions like Myanmar, where the crisis is as political as it is humanitarian.

    Her conversation delves into the ethical and operational challenges of working with or around military juntas and the implications for neutrality and independence in humanitarian work. Adelina introduces the concept of ‘humanitarian resistance,’ where local actors, often labeled as non-neutral by international standards, provide critical aid and support within their communities despite the political risks. She argues passionately for a more localized approach to humanitarian aid, emphasizing the importance of supporting these ground-level efforts over top-down international interventions. And she critiques the traditional, West-centric humanitarian system, calling for a more equitable and effective ‘horizontal ecosystem’ that respects and empowers local communities.

    “To me, the Western governments’ support to the Myanmar people is more of a token, because after all, aid is a political tool,” she says. “At the end of the day, it's about political will."

  • Episode #269: Jansen Stovicek reflects on the emotional and practical challenges surrounding his decision to disrobe after 16 years as a monk. Initially, the idea of disrobing felt unimaginable, as his identity had been deeply intertwined with monastic life and strictly following the 90 billion-plus rules of the Vinaya. But after disrobing, Jansen encountered difficulty securing a place to stay as a monk, adding stress and uncertainty to his situation. His decision to disrobe was met with mixed acceptance by his community’ of followers.

     

    Ultimately, Jansen’s story is one of personal transformation and reflection. His candid insights shed light on the complexities of leaving monastic life and the broader implications it has on identity, social standing, and community relationships.

     

    He ends his reflections by expressing deep gratitude for his time in Myanmar. He emphasizes his continued support for the National Unity Government (NUG) and the democratic movement in Myanmar, wishing for the country's swift liberation from the military regime's oppression. “I am absolutely, eternally indebted to, to Myanmar, to Myanmar people, to Myanmar Buddhism, to the great masters of Myanmar. Very, very thankful to them!” Jansen exclaims. “I admit that I believe that the only country in the world where Buddhism is truly thriving, is Myanmar, believe it or not, despite, of course, the political unrest. And I definitely would like to encourage everyone to support the democratic movement, to support the NUG in Myanmar, because [they] support reason and they support freedom, and Buddhism is reason and Buddhism is freedom.”

     

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  • Episode #268: In a discussion emblematic of the complexities inherent in international diplomacy, Scot Marciel, former U.S. Ambassador to Myanmar, elucidates the multifaceted challenges of addressing the crisis there. Marcel’s thinking, informed by his extensive diplomatic service, highlights a pervasive hesitancy among international actors to engage decisively with the Myanmar military, largely deemed an untrustworthy entity, yet also to put their eggs in the NUG/resistance basket.

     

    Marciel highlights the deep-rooted issues stemming from the military's unyielding grip on power and its demonstrated propensity for reneging on agreements, as evidenced by the 2021 coup. The military’s overthrow of a democratically-elected government starkly illuminates their unwillingness to cede control, thus undermining any prospect of meaningful dialogue or compromise.

     

    Marciel also explains what he believes is the ideal role for the international community to play: a supportive yet non-intrusive stance that facilitates dialogue among Myanmar's diverse actors without dictating outcomes, and respecting the country's sovereignty while providing essential resources and expertise.

     

    Marciel's reflections on the Rohingya crisis reveals the diplomatic result of that terrible time; namely, an international mistrust of both the military and civilian government, in the latter case, a sense of being let down. Fast forward to 2024, and today, the international community's response, though well-intentioned, often falls short due to limited understanding and engagement, highlighting the need for a more nuanced and sustained approach to diplomacy and support in Myanmar.

    “I do think the solution is for the military to be forced to relinquish political power, and to me, that means for the international community to put maximum pressure on that military, [doing] nothing to confer legitimacy on it,” Marciel says in closing. “At the same time, of course, you also have to figure out what comes next… but to me, the answer is, rather than to be paralyzed by the risks, what can the international community to do now to help the various various elements of the resistance, the Civil Disobedience Movement, civil society, other political actors, and prepare for some kind of transition process?”

  • We were honored to join our friends at The Bangkok Podcast to discuss the origins of our platform and how we've navigated the challenges of hosting discussions in the post-coup environment. We are sharing an interview that occurred on their feed earlier in the year.

  • Episode #267: Yèshua Moser-Puangsuwan discusses the profound impact of landmines in Myanmar with an equal mix of empathy and depth. He vividly describes how retreating soldiers have planted landmines indiscriminately in both military and civilian areas, leading to devastating consequences. His meticulous investigations reveal the Myanmar military's systematic and large-scale use of landmines, which he categorizes as war crimes due to their indiscriminate nature. Yet he is unsparing of resistance groups in his exposé as well. His extensive fieldwork and research have shown that landmines often harm civilians long after conflicts have ended.

     

    Yèshua's work with the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997, involves meticulous documentation and advocacy. He emphasizes that landmines are a suicidal policy for any armed group, as they primarily end up harming their own communities. The challenge of attributing specific landmine incidents to either the military or ethnic groups complicates efforts to address the crisis, but Yèshua remains steadfast in his commitment to transparency and thorough documentation.

     

    A crucial aspect of Yèshua's resilience and clarity in addressing these issues comes from his dedicated vipassana meditation practice. He spends about a month each year in intensive meditation. He says that his practice helps him process the immense suffering he witnesses and experiences, allowing him to maintain a compassionate and balanced perspective.

    “The development of compassion by seeing deeply into your own experience, which is the human experience, leads to very deep compassion for the suffering of others. And for any real social change to occur, I think it has to come out of that space of acknowledging our shared human predicament of suffering and [developing] compassion for that,” he says. “If I didn't do the meditation practice, I probably would have burned out as an activist a long time ago! Also, I don't use anger as my motivation. Anger burns up its own supports, and a lot of activists run on anger, and they can only run for so long. Most of the people who were activists when I first became an activist, are no longer activists. They burned out long time ago. Compassion is what keeps me doing my activism.”

  • Episode #266: We are joined by Kimi Colney and Makepeace Sitlhou, journalists covering the humanitarian crisis and ethnic conflicts along the Indo-Myanmar border in India’s northeastern states. They discuss the complex dynamics of this region, characterized by its diversity in ethnicity, language, and religion, and its physical and psychological isolation from the rest of India.

    Kimi and Makepeace highlight how this area, often overlooked by India's central government, faces significant challenges in managing the influx of refugees fleeing the military junta's violence in Myanmar. Mizoram, one of the states in Northeast India, has shown solidarity with these refugees, despite the central government's orders to push them back. This support stems from a shared ethnic and cultural kinship between the local population and the refugees. However, the state's limited resources and the growing strain on local communities make the situation increasingly unsustainable.

    In contrast, Manipur has been less welcoming, largely due to the political influence of the BJP, the ruling party in India. The state has seen tensions between local communities, particularly the Hindu Meitei majority and the Kuki-Zo tribes, which has been exacerbated by the influx of refugees. The conversation also touches on the broader geopolitical implications, in particular, India’s diplomatic ties with Myanmar's military junta.

    The two journalists emphasize the need for better awareness and understanding of the region's complexities both within India and internationally. They call for more comprehensive and nuanced coverage of the crisis, which is often ignored or oversimplified in the media.

    “There is a gap that has to be bridged, both on the Indian and Myanmar side as well,” says Makepeace, and Kimi adds, “It's hard to see a bright future,” to the hope of any peaceful harmony coming soon to the region.

  • Episode #265: Marc Batac's story is one of profound political transformation, reflecting the broader struggles of Southeast Asia. Born in the eastern regions of the Philippines, Marc's early exposure to socioeconomic struggle, and the dysfunctionality of governance and political patronage in his homeland, shaped his worldview and set him on a course of activism.

    In 2017, Marc played a pivotal role in helping organize a regional youth meeting that laid the groundwork for the Milk Tea Alliance (MTA), a transnational movement advocating for democracy and human rights. The Alliance, born out of a shared experience of state violence and repression, became a platform for young activists to connect, share strategies, and support each other's struggles. 

    After the 2021 coup in Myanmar, Marc recognized the urgency of the situation, and mobilized networks to provide immediate support to Burmese activists and the broader resistance movement. Through the MTA, he facilitated the sharing of resources, including financial aid and digital tools, to help activists on the ground organize protests and evade military crackdowns. The MTA also played a crucial role in amplifying the voices of Myanmar's pro-democracy movement on the international stage, using social media campaigns and digital activism to draw global attention to the atrocities committed by the junta. Marc and his peers worked tirelessly to coordinate efforts across borders, ensuring that the solidarity and support for Myanmar extended beyond mere words. This collective action not only sustained the momentum of the resistance but also strengthened the transnational ties that are vital for the long-term success of the pro-democracy movements in the region.

    “If we are not in intentional in defining what the Milk Tea Alliance stands for, then other forces will define it for us. They are already doing that, in the early days and up until now,” he says. “We are simply nodes in our movements. The hashtag in this name and the symbolisms will be gone and will be forgotten at some point. But what will remain would be the relationships that have deepened, that are anchored in an analysis of the concrete link between our material experiences, our pain, and our struggles, and our our aspirations as well, that have existed before the hashtag, and therefore will continue to exist after the hashtag.”

  • Episode #264: Shalini Sri Perumal delves into her expertise in community-based healthcare, particularly focusing on the integration of indigenous and traditional medicine among Burmese migrant women in Thailand. Shalini's professional journey includes significant work with the Mae Tao Clinic on the Thai-Burma border, an important healthcare facility founded by Dr. Cynthia Maung. The clinic has expanded over the years, offering a wide range of services including reproductive health, dental care, and maternal care, despite facing challenges such as limited funding and the discrimination that Burmese migrants often encounter.

    Shalini emphasizes the critical role of traditional medicine in preserving cultural identity and providing accessible healthcare to marginalized communities. While she acknowledges that not all traditional practices are safe, she advocates for a collaborative approach that blends community-based methods with Western medicine. This approach not only respects indigenous practices but also seeks to validate them through scientific research. She underscores the impact of colonialism in severing connections to traditional knowledge and stresses the importance of restoring these connections, particularly through the inclusion of indigenous voices in healthcare discussions.

    In addition to discussing healthcare, Shalini sheds light on the broader situation of Burmese migrants in Thailand. There, particularly Karen and other ethnic minorities face significant discrimination from the Thai government. She also touches on the plight of Burmese refugees in India, particularly in Mizoram and New Delhi. There, refugees struggle with the lack of legal recognition and access to basic services, exacerbated by India's non-signatory status to the Refugee Convention and recent discriminatory policies. Despite these challenges, Shalini remains hopeful about the potential for advocacy and collective action among ethnic communities to improve their situation both in Thailand and India.

  • Episode #263: Sanjay Valentine Gathia weighs in on the complex India-Myanmar relationship, highlighting the historical context and evolving policies that have shaped it. He underscores the importance of understanding the diverse voices emerging from Myanmar's Spring Revolution, emphasizing the need for India to reassess its strategic interests and adopt a more inclusive approach.

    He critiques the Indian military's predominant influence on their country’s relationship with Myanmar, which is primarily based on finding ways to leverage a positive relationship to get the Burmese military to crack down on Indian guerrilla groups that operate across the northeastern border. Instead, Gathia advocates for a shift towards engaging with pro-democracy forces and civil society actors in Myanmar, which he believes is ultimately essential for India's own strategic interests and regional stability.

    Drawing parallels with historical and contemporary geopolitical scenarios, Gathia calls for deeper, more meaningful dialogues that transcend mere information exchange. In essence, he believes that a concerted effort to improve understanding and foster dialogue can only lead to better policies that support both India's and Myanmar's interests. 

    “The lobbying can be done at different levels,” he says in closing. “It can be done directly with the Indian government, it can be done with different agencies that are there, it can also be done with different Indian think tanks who are also influential. If their understanding and their knowledge is improved, I think that's what would lead to a better understanding and analysis and thereby a better policy implementation.”

  • Episode #262: Hnin Thet Hmu Khin, a dedicated women's rights activist, reveals the often undocumented struggles and triumphs of women in Myanmar's revolution. Despite their widespread and committed participation, women are conspicuously absent from media narratives and decision-making roles, often relegated to the background even as they stand at the forefront of the fight for freedom. She bravely discusses the pervasive gender stereotypes and the alarming incidents of sexual violence within revolutionary ranks, challenging the listener to confront these uncomfortable truths.

    She also highlights the often-overlooked contributions of military wives, whose influence has led to numerous defections, turning the tide against an oppressive regime. These women, once silenced and oppressed, find empowerment and purpose in the revolution, revealing the deep-seated ironies within a patriarchal society.

    Hnin’s voice is a clarion call to acknowledge and address gender-based violence as an integral part of the revolution, rather than an issue to be sidelined. It compels the listener to reconsider how patriarchal and condescending attitudes can be insinuated into the very fabric of so-called “revolutionary” movements, highlighting the indispensable role women must play in the quest for true societal transformation.

    “Sometimes I say that you existing in in this very male dominated world is already enough,” she says in closing. “Maybe you can't speak, or maybe you don't have a chance to speak. Maybe there are barriers. But just living, and just surviving in this very male-dominated world, it's already a voice.” 

  • Episode #261: Saw Kapi delves into his journey and contributions to Myanmar's democratic and educational landscape. His story began with involvement in the 1988 student uprising against military rule, which led him to the Thai-Burma border to join the resistance. The struggle for democracy became a central theme in his life, intertwining with his identity as a student and later as an educator.

    Saw Kapi emphasizes the critical role of education in revolution, stressing that a well-educated population is essential for sustainable change. He highlights his efforts in preparing young Burmese for international scholarships and higher education, aiming to create a new generation of leaders. Despite the challenges posed by a repressive military regime, his focus remained on fostering critical thinking and bridging gaps between local and international opportunities.

    His narrative underscores the importance of grassroots governance, advocating for decentralized, community-driven governance structures as a foundation for a federal democratic union. By empowering local leaders and focusing on public administration, Saw Kapi envisions a future where Myanmar can build a democratic system from the ground up, ensuring that governance serves the people and not just the central authority.

    “Our standard of treating the population that we govern has to be right!” exclaims Saw Kapi. “We cannot just treat them differently because we have guns and control the area. If we think that political authorities come from the barrel of the gun, then we are heading towards dictatorship. But if we believe that our authority to govern comes from the consent of the governed, we are heading in the right direction.”

  • Episode #260: Helene Buchholz, a journalist from Germany, ventured into the heart of Myanmar's conflict, driven by a personal mission to shed light on an underreported crisis. A radio journalist for the German public broadcasting network, Helene stepped out of her comfort zone, undergoing extensive training to prepare for the dangers that lay ahead.

    In Myanmar, Helene embedded herself with the People's Defense Force (PDF), a group of civilians turned resistance fighters. These were not seasoned soldiers, but new volunteers from diverse backgrounds, unified by a shared purpose: to protect their people from the brutal military junta. Helene’s interactions were limited by strict security protocols, ensuring her safety and that of the locals who supported her.

    Despite these constraints, Helene was moved by profound nature of what she observed: the resilience and determination of the PDF, trained by ethnic minority groups and motivated by a desire for freedom. Her return to Germany marked the beginning of a new phase—using her platform to raise awareness and inspire a younger audience back home.

    “I'm planning to return when the junta is defeated, to celebrate on the streets,” she says, reflecting on her time here. “I will stay invested, and I will stay interested… And so even if I'm not crossing the border again, very soon, I will keep in touch with the people and maybe meet them soon again, in exile at least.”

  • Episode #259: When Dr. Jenny Ko Gyi followed her military husband to a remote posting in rural Gangaw, she had no idea how profoundly the experience would affect not only her own spiritual life, but also go on to impact the lives of hundreds of thousands of meditators across Myanmar.

    Jenny was working at the local clinic, and a colleague told her about a small meditation retreat she had attended deep in the forest, on Monle Hillock. Jenny was keen to visit, although it was not an easy trek to the monastery; in fact, she might have been the first outsider to ever set foot there and meet the Monle Sayadaw. Impressed, Jenny soon made plans to return and attend a meditation course.

    Her experience with Monle Sayadaw was life-changing. He displayed great prowess in various mental feats, from being able to give nuanced, individualized advice to meditators based on their mental states, to reading the minds and intentions of others, to predicting the future. Jenny had always hoped to find a teacher like this, and her search was over.

    Jenny became Monle Sayadaw’s dedicated disciple, making more frequent trips to his forested abode where she learned about his teachings more deeply.  She soon realized that because the journey to his remote monastery was too arduous for most to manage, she should do her best to make the Sayadaw more accessible to others, and so brought him to Yangon for Dhamma talks. Eventually she organized a small, one-week meditation retreat in her own family home in Yangon. One of the attendees of the inaugural course was Aung San Suu Kyi, who had recently been released from house arrest.

    From that small first course, Monle Sayadaw’s renown began to grow, and eventually he became widely known in Burma. More retreats were organized in Yangon and throughout the country, and even in the United States. An enormous meditation center was built in Mandalay, and Jenny estimates that hundreds of thousands ultimately came to learn his technique.

  • Episode #258: On this special day of August 8th, the anniversary of 8888, we bring you a story of freedom.

    Azad's mission is a testament to the enduring spirit of international solidarity and the fight for democracy. An internationalist from the USA, Azad's journey began in the heart of the Rojava revolution in northeastern Syria, where he spent four years aligning with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). This experience deepened his commitment to revolutionary causes and honed his skills as a fighter and trainer. Motivated by a sense of duty to support oppressed peoples, he transitioned to the conflict in Myanmar, embedding himself in the resistance movement in Chin State. 

    Azad's mission in Myanmar is multifaceted, focusing on providing advanced sniper training and enhancing the operational capabilities of local resistance fighters. Despite the challenges, including limited resources and harsh conditions, efforts like Azar’s are crucial in helping level the playing field against the well-armed—though demoralized— Burmese military forces. His training emphasizes the importance of precision, technical expertise, and strategic acumen, aiming to transform motivated but inexperienced locals into effective combatants.

    “The revolution in northeastern Syria and the revolution that's going on here touch very much on the same wavelength, if you will,” he says. “People all over the world, they're looking at these revolutions that are happening. And the question is people; not governments, not states, not organizations. The question is people! When they're faced with dictatorship, when they're faced with tyranny, or when people come together and they want to fight for their own freedom for their own autonomy for their own self-determination … can they do it?” 

  • Episode #257: This is a story about how the Burmese are willing to pass through hell and high water in order to evict the military from their seat of power, and achieve their democracy.

    Lorcan Lovett is an experienced journalist who has dedicated much of his career to covering Myanmar’s tumultuous and complex political and cultural landscape. He paints a vivid picture of the dynamic energy that characterized the country during its nascent democracy, with its growing industries and vibrant cultural scene, that wasbrought to a screeching halt by the coup, instituting a new, stark and brutal reality.

    Through Lorcan’s lens, we witness the resilience of the Myanmar people, their fight against oppression, and the harsh realities of conflict. Lorcan's stories are not just about the headlines; they delve into the personal experiences of those caught in the crossfire, from young resistance fighters to displaced villagers. His narrative brings to life the everyday struggles and profound courage of a nation in turmoil.

    Lorcan also shares the challenges of reporting in such an environment, the ethical dilemmas faced by journalists, and the unyielding spirit of the Myanmar people. His account is a testament to the power of journalism in uncovering truths and giving a voice to those who strive for justice and freedom in the face of overwhelming adversity.

    “The resistance overall is ready,” he says, describing how they are on the precipice of unseating the military regime. “They are on a journey of figuring out what the future looks like, from village to township to state or region to a country as a whole.”

  • Episode #256: Michael Haack, a long-time advocate and policy expert, outlines the long and arduous journey of the Burma Act from its inception to appropriation. The Burma Act, a legislative framework guiding US policy toward Myanmar, required relentless lobbying to secure the necessary funding, ultimately resulting in a significant $167 million appropriation, a notable increase in a period of general budget cuts.

    Haack highlights the power of grassroots activism. The concerted efforts of local constituencies, churches, and advocacy groups played a pivotal role in influencing key legislators like Mitch McConnell, demonstrating the impact of community engagement on foreign policy. Despite the systemic challenges, the increased funding reflects a robust commitment to supporting Myanmar’s democratic aspirations and humanitarian needs.

    Concerning the multifaceted nature of US aid, Haack offers a nuanced view of the interplay between policy, power, and the pursuit of global justice, urging continued grassroots efforts to sustain and enhance US support for Myanmar.

    In the end, Haack is cautiously hopeful that US funding towards Burma will continue to increase, albeit with a caveat that if Donald Trump is elected, overall foreign aid will dip across the board. He also remarks on the US’s gradual shift from a Burma policy that had been driven almost entirely around the person of Aung San Suu Kyi, and which now relies increasingly on the voices of ethnic communities who have settled in the US. “That opens the possibility of a really different way of looking at the conflict, and I think one that is more realistic,” he says. “Whatever you think about Suu Kyi, she's literally one of something like 56 million people. We have the basis to drive a US-Myanmar policy that's much more realistic and much more robust, and the expansion does show that the US is paying attention to Myanmar.”

  • Episode #255: Roger Huang dives into the enigmatic nature of Myanmar's political landscape, arguing that the transition period wasn't driven by external pressures like sanctions or international isolation, but by an internal recalibration towards the military realizing its vision of a “disciplined democracy.” This vision is rooted in the failure of the Burmese Way to Socialism of the 1960s-70s, which prompted the military to pivot towards more economic openness combined with tightly controlled democratization that would ensure their continued dominance.

    From the 1990s onwards, the military indeed benefited from economic openings despite international sanctions, enriching themselves and cronies through trade with countries like China and Thailand. The 2010s brought genuine, albeit limited, liberalization, which was part of the military's plan, and not a step towards full democratization. The military's grip tightened again as the NLD's electoral success threatened their system.

    Civil society, often seen as a democratizing force, was allowed to flourish only within strict limits, providing services where the state did not, but never challenging the military's core interests. The military's resilience, unity, and adaptability have been key to its enduring control. In sum, Huang's analysis presents a stark picture: the junta’s “disciplined democracy” was never meant to transition to true civilian rule, and any significant challenge to this system would always have been met with the swift reassertion of military dominance.

  • Episode #254: Kitti Prasirtsuk, a professor at Thammasat University, explains that neither ASEAN, nor Thailand in particular, have done enough to address the regionally important Myanmar crisis. In terms of Thailand, its strong economic ties to Myanmar, as well as their close military-to-military relations, have influenced its passive approach. He underscores the necessity of engaging Myanmar's military junta in negotiations, despite its lack of credibility, due to the junta’s continued control over the country’s central areas.

    Kitti also points out the potential role of China in influencing the junta, emphasizing the importance of major powers in facilitating negotiations. He stresses the need for a unified approach by ASEAN and the involvement of international actors to address the humanitarian crisis and push for a ceasefire.

    Despite the complexity and challenges, Kitti believes in making attempts to resolve the situation, highlighting the changing dynamics within Myanmar, where opposition forces are gaining ground. He advocates for continued efforts towards negotiation and dialogue, even if success seems unlikely.

    “I just think that Thailand, ASEAN, and the major powers should discuss together how to engage with Myanmar as a whole,” he says. “Unless we have a hope, we have nothing, and we let the people suffer. It’s not good.”

  • Episode #253: This is the 4th installment of our interview with Jonathan Crowley, a dedicated vipassana meditator in the tradition of S. N. Goenka. In this episode, he speaks about the time he and his wife Carolyn spent in Myanmar, and how that affected his spiritual journey in general, and specifically his practice of meditation.

    Myanmar is particularly vulnerable to “Orientalism,” a term referring to the distorted, exotified views that Westerners have of Mideastern and Eastern cultures. Goenka's narrative paint both an overly romanticized view of the country, as well as encouraging a restrictive interpretation through the narrow lens of the lineage tradition and Goenka’s “purity” narrative, which clashes with the vibrant, complex and rich reality that Jonathan and his wife encountered during their time in the country.

    As the dissonant experiences accumulate, Jonathan faces increasing angst about the organization's messaging and his own complicity in promulgating the tradition’s mythology through a desire to belong and in his role as Assistant Teacher. Increasingly, he grapples with the belief that meditation alone cannot address deeply ingrained social conditioning, and that personal liberation and addressing societal issues are not mutually exclusive, finding himself more and more at odds with the organization’s perspective.

  • Episode #252: Born in a Thai refugee camp after his family fled the violence in Myanmar, Star2’s life has been remarkable. His family moved to San Diego when he was just five, and there he faced a new set of challenges, including language barriers, cultural adjustments and bullying. To escape these hardships, he found solace and inspiration in music, particularly hip-hop. Influenced by artists like Tupac, Star2 began creating his music, blending genres like pop, R&B, and hip-hop to reflect his diverse experiences.

    Star2's songs, such as "Six Feet Away" and "Pain," address themes of fame, personal struggles, and the impact of his upbringing. His music resonates with a broad audience, including Asian communities and Western listeners. Returning to Myanmar recently, Star2 was motivated by the resilience of the people and aims to use his growing platform to raise awareness about their plight. Despite the difficulties, Star2 remains focused on his career, hoping to amplify his people's voices and stories through his art while avoiding direct involvement in politics due to potential risks.

    “[My listeners are] people who have gone through what I’ve gone through, people who feel like they don’t fit in, because I never fit in. I was different. But people who are different, they’re usually my people. They’re very supportive. Back home in the jungle, they listen to my stuff even though there’s no service out there. It’s crazy! Even in Myanmar, I have a big fan base. Burmese people, all Asian people, it doesn’t matter what type of Asian you are. As long as I’m growing and becoming bigger and more well-known, I’m the voice for the Asian community, not just my people."