Episodes
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-6-more-og-romsdal/
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Fylket Møre og Romsdal er vakkert plassert langs Norges vestkyst. Det ligger på Nord-Vestlandet og grenser til Trøndelag i nord og Innlandet og Vestland i sør. Møre og Romsdal er en region rik på natur, historie og kultur. Fylket har dramatiske fjorder og majestetiske fjell som tiltrekker folk fra hele verden. La oss se litt nærmere på fylket Møre og Romsdal.
Møre og Romsdal er kjent for sin fantastiske natur. Noen høydepunkter er de mektige Sunnmørsalpene og de majestetiske fjordene som Geirangerfjorden og Hjørundfjorden. Disse områdene tiltrekker seg turister og friluftsentusiaster året rundt. Her kan man gå spektakulære fjellturer eller bare sitte stille på en båt og nyte de lange fjordene.
The county of Møre og Romsdal is beautifully situated along Norway's west coast. It is located in the northwest and borders Trøndelag to the north and Innlandet and Vestland to the south. Møre og Romsdal is a region rich in nature, history, and culture. The county boasts dramatic fjords and majestic mountains that attract people from all over the world. Let's take a closer look at Møre og Romsdal.
Møre og Romsdal is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes. Some highlights include the mighty Sunnmøre Alps and the majestic fjords such as Geirangerfjorden and Hjørundfjorden. These areas attract tourists and outdoor enthusiasts year-round. Visitors can enjoy spectacular mountain hikes or simply relax on a boat and admire the scenery along the fjords.
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Youtube-video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8EVvZTids0&ab_channel=LearnNorwegianNow%21
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-5-trondelag/
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Episodes manquant?
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Youtube-video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMlErfGiZGI&ab_channel=LearnNorwegianNow%21
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-4-nordland/
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-3-troms/
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-2-finnmark-the-northernmost-county-of-norway/
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/8-1-the-regions-of-norway-an-overview/
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In this season of the podcast, we will look at all the regions of Norway. We will look at all the 15 regions of Norway as of 2024 and look more at their geography, economy, and history. This is a great way to better understand the country. Each region will get their own episode, so that this season will have 17 episodes in total: One introduction episode (this one), one episode for each of the 15 regions, and a bonus episode for Svalbard. In this episode, we will take a broader look at the regions of Norway.
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Transcript: laernorsknaa.com/7-10-the-oil-industry-in-norway-1969-2023/
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YouTube video of the 1995 incident: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNSr5o5XZXA&ab_channel=LearnNorwegianNow%21
Podcast episode of the 1995 incident: laernorsknaa.com/109-den-gangen-norge-nesten-starta-tredje-verdenskrig
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-9-norway-in-the-cold-war-1945-1995/
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Andre verdenskrig tok slutt i Norge den 8. mai 1945 og et nytt kapittel kunne starte i norsk historie. Men hvem skulle styre Norge? Mens regjeringa og kongen var i eksil, laget de en plan for styring og valg da krigen kom til å ta slutt i Norge. De ble enige om å lage en samlingsregjering der motstandsmenn og politiske parti fra både venstre og høyre var representerte. De ble også enige om at det viktigste for Norge var å bygge landet opp igjen etter krigen og forbedre livene til folk med hus og sosiale goder. En sosial gode er offentlige ordninger som skal beskytte folk mot sykdom og alderdom, for eksempel sykehjem eller gratis helsetjenester.
I 1945 ble det holdt valg i Norge. Arbeiderpartiet ble det største partiet i Stortingsavalget, altså parlamentsvalget. De fikk flertall alene og dannet en regjering med bare folk fra Arbeiderpartiet. Arbeiderpartiet, eller AP som det blir forkortet til, har siden vært det største partiet i Norge. Einar Gerhardsen ble statsminister for denne arbeiderpartiregjeringa. Han var statsminister i Norge i hele 16 år totalt i perioden 1945 til 1965. Han var en av de viktigste personene i å bygge Norge etter andre verdenskrig.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-7-world-war-ii-in-norway-1939-1945/
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Andre verdenskrig brøt ut i 1939 da Tyskland angrep Polen. Norge erklærte seg nøytrale i krigen. Norge ønsket å holde seg ute av andre verdenskrig, akkurat som de hadde gjort i første verdenskrig. Norge valgte altså å ikke alliere seg med noen av stormaktene i Europa.
Men Tyskland ville ha det annerledes. Nazi-Tyskland, ledet av Adolf Hitler, planla et angrep på Danmark og Norge i 1939. Det var to hovedgrunner til at Tyskland ønsket å okkupere Norge. Den første var at Tyskland ønsket å ha marinebaser i Norge for tyske krigsskip. Fra Norge kunne skipene lettere reise ut mot Atlanterhavet og Nordsjøen. Dermed kunne de true Storbritannia lettere. Den andre grunnen var at Tyskland ønsket å ha kontroll over importen av svensk jernmalm til Tyskland. Jern er viktig i krig, og eksporten av svensk jernmalm gikk via norskekysten.
Den 9. april 1940 angreip Tyskland Norge. Tyskerne angreip med fly og båt. Vidkun Quisling, lederen for det høyreradikale norske partiet Nasjonal Samling, prøvde å gjøre statskupp. Quisling sa på radioen at han ville bli den nye statsministeren i Norge og at Norge måtte legge ned våpnene. Tyskerne krevde at kongen og regjeringa skulle godta Quisling som ny statsminister i Norge.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-5-the-union-with-sweden-1814-1905
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As we discussed in the previous episode, the union between Norway and Sweden emerged in the aftermath of a war in 1814. However, it wasn't a desired arrangement in Norway. It's important to note that this union was distinct from the earlier union with Denmark. Unlike the Danish union, Sweden didn't govern Norway directly. Instead, the majority of governing authority resided in Norway. This meant that Norway retained its own constitution, establishing its independent institutions like the Storting (parliament) and a dedicated government. It was a significant step towards self-determination for Norway.
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Norge var derfor ikke direkte med i første verdenskrig fra 1914 til 1918. Norge var nøytralt hele perioden. Men Norge ble likevel indirekte trukket inn i krigen. Storbritannia var den viktigste handelspartneren til Norge. Norge fortsatte å drive handel med Storbritannia, men mange norske båter ble senket av tyske ubåter. Dette gjorde at mange i Norge støttet Storbritannia framfor Tyskland i første verdenskrig. Men det var ikke veldig viktig for Norge hvem som vant første verdenskrig. Likevel ble Norge kalt for “den allierte nøytrale” siden Norge handlet så mye med Storbritannia. Dette gjorde at Norge fikk Svalbard i Svalbardtraktaten etter første verdenskrig.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-4-1814-independence-and-constitution/
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1814 er kanskje det viktigste årstallet i moderne norsk historie. I 1814 fikk Norge sin egen grunnlov, sin egen konge og sin selvstendighet. Men landet ble også tvunget inn i en ny union i 1814. I denne episoden skal vi snakke mer om 1814 og alt som skjedde i Norge da. Men først må vi snakke litt om hva som skjedde før 1814.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-3-the-enlightenment-in-norway-the-18th-century/
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Norwegian Enlightenment began in the early 18th century and lasted until the early 19th century. It was a period of significant changes in Norway. New ideas arrived in Norway from other European countries. New plants, like the potato, came from South America. People enjoyed better health and longer lives. This was a period marked by the ideals and values of the Enlightenment, although the Norwegian Enlightenment was not identical to the French. But what was the Enlightenment really?
The Enlightenment was a period in the 18th century when intellectuals in Europe, led by French intellectuals, began advocating for science, freedom, and tolerance. The French philosophers Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau are especially well-known. In Norway, the Enlightenment was led by priests and bishops.
Priests played a central role as intellectuals in Norway. They formed networks for the collection and dissemination of knowledge. Johan Ernst Gunnerus, the bishop of Trondheim, was particularly important. He was a skilled network builder for Norwegian science and gathered a wealth of historical and scientific knowledge in Norway. Priests also played a crucial role in spreading knowledge in agriculture. This is how the potato was introduced to Norway. Priests, who earned the nickname "potato priests," traveled around Norway and convinced farmers to plant potatoes from South America. Potatoes are highly resilient, and many in Norway had more to eat because of them.
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Read more (in Norwegian) at:
https://www.norgeshistorie.no/kirkestat/1111-troldomssakene-i-norge.html
https://snl.no/trolldomsprosessene
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-2-whitch-trials-in-norway-1570-1695/
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In this episode, we will discuss which hunts in the period between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries as they reached their peak between 1570 and 1680. To understand these events, it is crucial to recognize that "witchcraft" and "sorcery" were not entirely new concepts in 1570. What changed was the involvement of the judiciary, which began actively hunting and trying witches in court cases.
Many people have a perception that the Middle Ages was especially brutal and that everything improved during the Renaissance in the 1400s. The witch trials in Europe provide a compelling example that challenges this simplistic view. During the Middle Ages, scholars largely dismissed the belief in witches and sorcery, attributing such claims to illusions and trickery, merely products of people's imagination. However, this perspective gradually shifted by the late 1300s. A belief in "black magic" emerged, which was thought to cause harm to both people and animals. Nevertheless, it wasn't until the late 1500s and 1600s that the witch trials really escalated.
The period between 1580 and 1630 saw numerous witch burnings, with over half of the documented trials taking place during this time. Researchers argue that religious conflicts, political and economic instability, climate deterioration, and repeated periods of famine laid the foundation for the witch hunts. The persecution of witches was theoretically supported by widespread beliefs in the existence of demons and witchcraft. Numerous books were written about witches and sorcery. It is estimated that around 60,000 people were executed for witchcraft in Europe and America, with 310 individuals being convicted and killed for witchcraft in Norway.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/7-1-modern-norwegian-history-an-overview/
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The 16th and 17th centuries in Norway were characterized bythree central developments:
1. The introduction of the Reformation in Norway, which led to the establishment ofthe school system in the 17th century. Reading and understanding faith in one'sown language became important, and many people learned to read and write.However, Protestantism also resulted in witch-hunts during the 17th century,where individuals were accused and killed for being "witches."
2. Centralization of power of the Danish king. Danish noblemen and the Danish king gained morepower in Norway during the 16th and 17th centuries. Danish began to replaceNorwegian as the written language, but people still spoke their own Norwegiandialects.
3. Economic development in Norway. Norway acquired two important industries during thisperiod: timber trade and mining. Timber trade involved cutting down trees andselling timber, while mining involved extracting minerals, such as iron, frommines. These industries were crucial for exporting goods to other countries.
From 1660, Denmark-Norway became an absolute monarchy,similar to France under Louis XIV. Absolute monarchy means that the king hasall the power, or more precisely, all power is derived from the king. Theperiod from 1660 to 1780 was characterized by:
1. European colonization and the introduction of new plants and goods to Norway, such astobacco, potatoes, and spices. Potatoes, in particular, became important forNorway. Additionally, Denmark-Norway established its own colonies in Africa,India, and the Caribbean.
2. Wars with Sweden. During this period, there were several major wars betweenDenmark-Norway and Sweden. The wars usually ended in a relatively even manner,with both sides weakened. However, Sweden managed to take Skåne from Denmark(present-day southern Sweden) and Jemtland, Herjedalen, and Båhuslen fromNorway.
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The Sami, the indigenous people of Norway, has fought and is in some way still fighting to preserve their culture, and this has led to the creation of a Sami national day. February 6 is the national day for all Sami in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola-peninsula in Russia. It commemorates the first national meeting for the Sami in Norway in Trondheim in 1917, the first time a wide coalition of Sami in Norway gathered to discuss common Sami issues. This meeting was important in creating a common Sami movement. February 6 officially became the Sami national day in 1992.
Today, the national day of the Sami is first and foremost celebrated in Sápmi, the northern parts of the Scandinavian peninsula. It is celebrated by raising the Sami flag and serving traditional Sami food like bidos. In Manndalen in Northern Troms, far north in Norway, where I live, there was a Sami exhibition, Sami theatre, and Sami food at the Centre for northern peoples, a Sami cultural centre.
In the rest of Norway, February 6 is marked by raising the Norwegian flag in all public spaces. This is to congratulate the Sami people on their national day. However, the day is hardly celebrated in the rest of Norway, and February 6 is not a holiday. That means that everyone has to go to work or school, in contrast to May 17.
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Transcript: https://laernorsknaa.com/6-9-constutition-day-may-17/
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In Norway, we celebrate our Constitution Day on the 17th of May, and in Norwegian, it’s often only referred to as the 17th of may (17. mai). We celebrate our Constitution and our independence from 1814. This actually makes the Norwegian Constitution the second oldest in the world to still be in use, just behind the US Constitution. Also, the Norwegian constitution might have been the most democratic in the world when it was made in 1814. Therefore, May 17 is also a celebration of democracy in general.
In addition to the constitution, we celebrate our independence this day. Until 1814, Norway was in a personal union with Denmark and had been so from the 15th century. This happened largely due to the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. Denmark was on the side of the French whereas the Swedes supported the coalition led by Great Britain and Russia. When France lost the war, the victors agreed to transfer Norway from Denmark to Sweden. This was very unpopular in Norway and independence was declared and a constitution made.
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Russetida, the celebration of graduation from upper secondary school, happens from the first to 17th of May, the national day of Norway. The students will then take on red clothes, a red russe hat and hand out russe cards, which many children collect. These cards will often contain a funny picture and quote from the person who hands it out. The russetid is also celebrated with a lot of partying and alcohol, and the russ have their own festivals and parties.
But the russetid is not only about partying. It is also about having fun in other ways, for example the russeknuter, challenges. Doing a challenge gives you a prize that you can fasten to your russe hat. Some examples of challenges in 2022 were.
Many russ will make groups with a group name, group merchandise, group clothes, a group logo, and sometimes, even a buss, a so called russebuss. The buss is painted and styled and is used to go around the country to party. Some groups will even make their own song, a so-called russesang. These are very sexualized and is often about partying, drinking a lot of alcohol, and having sex with beautiful girls. Many have criticised them, but they are popular among the russ.
Many look forward to their russetid, but many has also criticized the tradition. The russetid used to be after the exams, but now, the exams are after the russetid. That means that many people will party for almost a month before their most important exams, leading to much worse grades than they would have gotten without partying so much.
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Akevitt er et ord som kommer fra latinsk aqua vitae og betyr «livets vann». Akevitt blir laga av nøytral sprit som er tilsatt et kryddereller en urte. Det kan for eksempel være nøytral sprit med dill eller med koriander. I Norge må den nøytrale spriten lages fra potet, mens det i Sverige og Danmark ofte lages med korn. Alkoholprosenten må være minst 37,5 %, men den kan ikke være høyere enn 60 %. Som regel ligger alkoholnivået mellom 37,5 % og 43 %. I Norge har man drukket akevitt siden 1500-tallet. Da kunne man få tak i krydder fra Østen og potet fra Sør-Amerika. I dag er akevitt det mest kjente norske brennevinet.
La oss nå gå over til å snakke om vinmonopolet. Vinmonopolet er et navn som betyr monopol på vin. Altså, de eneste som kan selge vin. Faktisk er vinmonopolet det eneste stedet i Norge hvor du kan kjøpe drikker med mer enn 4,7 % alkohol. I vanlige dagligvarebutikker får du bare kjøpt øl under 4,7 % alkohol. Om du har lyst på vin, brennevin eller øl med mer enn 4,7 % alkohol må du altså kjøpte det hos vinmonopolet. La oss se litt på hvorfor det ble slik.
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