Episodes

  • Finding Nemo

    Finding Nemo

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel dive into a discussion of Finding Nemo (2003), the box office splash that enthralled audiences and critics alike. This movie about fish offers a surprising amount to wade through in terms of environmentalism, gender politics, and ableism.

    Episode Bibliography

    Al-Jbouri, E., & Pomerantz, S. (2020). A new kind of monster, cowboy, and crusader? Gender hegemony and flows of masculinities in Pixar animated films. Boyhood Studies, 13(1), 43-63. doi: 10.3167/bhs.2020.130104

    Arthur, C. (2004, July 1). 'Finding Nemo' pets harm ocean ecology. The Independent. https://web.archive.org/web/20080601023112/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/finding-nemo-pets-harm-ocean-ecology-565398.html

    Åstrӧm, B. (2017). Marginalizing motherhood: Postfeminist fathers and dead mothers in animated film. In B. Åstrӧm (Ed.), The Absent Mother in the Cultural Imagination (pp. 41-258). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49037-3_15

    Axelrod, J. (2015, July 18). "Finding Nemo" aims to help Navajo language stay afloat. CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/finding-nemo-aims-to-help-navajo-language-stay-afloat/

    Beck, B. (2004). The sea around us: Social climbing in Seabiscuit, Whale Rider, and Finding Nemo. Multicultural Perspectives, 6(2), 24-27. doi: 10.1207/s15327892mcp0602_5

    Brooks, D. (2021, November 24). “It Shattered the World's Perception”: The Story of the Navajo-Language Dub of Star Wars: A New Hope. StarWars.com. https://www.starwars.com/news/navajo-language-star-wars-a-new-hope

    Bruckner, L.D. (2010). Bambi and Finding Nemo: A sense of wonder in the wonderful world of Disney?. In P. Willoquet-Maricondi (Ed.). Framing the World: Explorations in Ecocriticism and Film (pp. 187-205). University of Virginia Press.

    Brydon, S.G. (2009). Men at the heart of mothering: Finding mother in Finding Nemo. Journal of Gender Studies, 18(2), 131-146. doi: 10.1080/09589230902812448

    Caro, M. (2003). Movie review: 'Finding Nemo'. Metromix. https://web.archive.org/web/20040217220604/http://metromix.chicagotribune.com/movies/mmx-030529movies-reviewmc-findingnemo.story

    Corcoran, M. (2004, November 9). Vanuatu - Saving Nemo. ABC. https://web.archive.org/web/20051219171041/http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2004/s1239666.htm

    Deitchman, B. (2016, December 16). Making Movie Magic in Any Language. D23. https://d23.com/making-movie-magic-in-any-language/

    Disney Pixar Finding Nemo. (n.d.). Pixar Animation Studios. https://www.pixar.com/feature-films/finding-nemo

    Ebert, R. (2003, May 30). Finding Nemo. Roger Ebert. https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/finding-nemo-2003

    Ebrahim, H. (2014). Are the "boys" at Pixar afraid of little girls?. Journal of Film and Video, 66(3), 43-56. Doi:

    Finding Nemo. (n.d.). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finding_Nemo

    Garrett, D. (2006, March 8). 'Potter' DVD golden. Variety. https://variety.com/2006/digital/markets-festivals/potter-dvd-golden-1117939470/

    Germain, D. (2003, May 29). Finding Nemo. Southeast Missourian. https://www.semissourian.com/story/110310.html

    Gimphacks. (2018, December 14). IS “GIMP” A SLUR? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=voCigbuzOHs

    Guerrero, A. P. S (2015). An approach to finding teaching moments on families and child development in Disney films. Academic Psychiatry, 39, 225-230. doi: 10.1007/s40596-014-0240-6

    Heffington, B.D. (2015). A pentadic criticism of three Disney/Pixar films: Spirituality and environmentalism in “Monsters, Inc.”, “Finding Nemo”, and “WALL-E.” [Graduate Thesis, Northern Arizona University].

    Henley, J. (2004, February 24). Nemo finds way to French court. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/feb/24/books.film

    I_Hate_Kidz. (2016). AA in Finding Nemo [Online forum post]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/stopdrinking/comments/3wljup/aa_in_finding_nemo/

    Jodie, Q. (2016, March 10). ‘Nemo Há'déést'į́į́'. Navajo Times. https://navajotimes.com/reznews/nemo-hadeestii/

    LightsCameraAction. (2019, September 1). Finding Nemo (2003) - The Making Of. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2zx3gcuXnk

    Militz, T. A., & Foale, S. (2017, May 1). The “Nemo Effect”: Perception and reality of Finding Nemo 's impact on marine aquarium fisheries. Fish and fisheries, 18(3). doi: 596-606. 10.1111/faf.12202

    Ness, M. (2017, May 25). Fish Parenting and Disability: Finding Nemo. Tor.com. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://reactormag.com/fish-parenting-and-disability-finding-nemo/

    Preiser, R., Pereira, L.M., & Briggs, R. (2017). Navigating alternative framings of human-environment interactions: Variations on the theme of ‘Finding Nemo. Anthropocene, 20, 83-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ancene.2017.10.003

    Preston, D.L. (2010). Finding difference: Nemo and friends opening the door to disability theory. The English Journal, 100(2), 56-60.

    Price, D. A. (2009). The Pixar Touch: The Making of a Company. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.

    Prosek, J. (2010). Beautiful Friendship. National Geographic. https://web.archive.org/web/20190427052617/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2010/01/clownfish-anemone-symbiotic-relationship/

    Puig, C. (2003, May 29). Sweet and funny 'Nemo' works just swimmingly. USA Today. https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/movies/reviews/2003-05-29-nemo_x.htm

    Rizvi, S. (2010, December 24). Remembering Glenn McQueen (1960-2002). The Pixar Times. https://pixartimes.com/2010/12/24/remembering-glenn-mcqueen-1960-2002/#google_vignette

    Rodriguez, R. (2003, May 30). 'Finding Nemo' enchants at all levels; sets high-water mark for summer flicks. Miami Herald. https://web.archive.org/web/20030604160444/http://ae.miami.com/entertainment/ui/miami/movie.html?id=99879&reviewId=12209

    Sherlock, B. (2020, February 21). Just Keep Swimming: 10 Behind-The-Scenes Facts About Finding Nemo. Screen Rant. https://screenrant.com/finding-nemo-behind-scenes-facts-disney-pixar-movie/#ellen-degeneres-nailed-the-most-emotional-scene-in-one-take

    Stanton, A. (Director). (2003). Finding Nemo [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Taing, T. L. (2022, July 27). The Animation 'Magic Trick' That Made Finding Nemo Work. Slash Film. https://www.slashfilm.com/943107/the-animation-magic-trick-that-made-finding-nemo-work/

    Turan, K. (2003, May 30). Hook, line and sinker. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-may-30-et-turan30-story.html

    van Oosterwijk, I., & McCarthy, W. (2023). Once upon a dystopian time… the portrayal and perception of environmentalism in Pixar’s Finding Nemo and WALL-E. Quarterly Review of Film and Video, 40(7), 848-873. doi: 10.1080/10509208.2022.2049181

    Verrier, R. (2003, July 29). 'Nemo' Becomes the Big Fish at the Animation Box Office. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jul-29-fi-nemo29-story.html

    Westbrook, B. (2004, April 9). Finding Nemo. Houston Chronicle. https://web.archive.org/web/20050911024614/http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/moviestory.mpl/ae/movies/reviews/1929968

    Wolsos, J. (2012, July 30). Director's Commentary Track Review - Finding Nemo. Pixar Post. https://pixarpost.com/2012/07/directors-commentary-track-review.html

  • Treasure Planet

    Treasure Planet

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel explore Treasure Planet (2002), the biggest flop in Disney animation since The Black Cauldron. The hosts discuss what went wrong with this pet project of veteran directors Ron Clements and Jon Musker, beyond just the usual misogyny, that is.

    Episode Bibliography

    Aguilar, C. (2022, December 28). ‘Treasure Planet’ at 20: Disney’s failed space odyssey deserved to soar. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/28/movies/treasure-planet-disney.html

    Armstrong, J. (2014, June 3). Buried Treasure: The ill-fated voyage to Treasure Planet 2. Animated Views. https://animatedviews.com/2014/buried-treasure-the-ill-fated-voyage-to-treasure-planet-2/

    BREADSWORD. (2017, August 31). Treasure Planet - Disney's Biggest Mistake. YouTube.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9sycdSkngA

    Booker, M. K. (2009). Disney, Pixar, and the Hidden Messages of Children’s Films. Praeger.

    Claudia, P. (2002, November 26). See 'Treasure Planet' for looks, not charm. USA Today. https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/movies/reviews/2002-11-26-planet_x.htm

    Clayton. (2009, March 30). TREASURE ISLAND AS IT HAS NEVER BEEN SEEN BEFORE. Scene Magazine. https://web.archive.org/web/20090330210757/http://www.scene-magazine.com/archive/filmarchive.php?filmarcid=38

    Crazy Nate. (2020, November 27). Disney's Treasure Planet Everything You Missed. (Easter Eggs and Secrets). YouTube.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T0w5Jz4RhLA

    Daiches, D. (2008, June 9). Robert Louis Stevenson. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Louis-Stevenson

    Diamond Boy's Disney DVD Overviews. (2023, November 27). Treasure Planet 2003 DVD Overview. YouTube.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANOkTVpj6tI

    Donaldson, K. (2022, November 27). The History Of Treasure Planet, Disney Animation's Biggest Ever Flop. Slash Film.

    https://www.slashfilm.com/1072674/the-history-of-treasure-planet-disney-animations-biggest-ever-flop/

    Droney, M. (2003, January 1). Avast and Away! Mix Online.

    https://web.archive.org/web/20090326043304/http://mixonline.com/mag/audio_avast_away/

    Ebert, R. (2002, November 27). Treasure Planet movie review & film summary (2002). Roger Ebert.

    https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/treasure-planet-2002

    Fritz, S. S. (2018). In space no one can hear you cry: Late Victorian adventure and contemporary boyhood in Disney’s Treasure Planet. In S. K Day & S. S. Fritz (Eds), The Victorian Era in Twenty-First Century Children’s and Adolescent Literature and Culture (pp. 55-71). Routledge.

    Gibson, N. P. (2023, January 1). Treasure Planet: The Complicated History Behind Disney Animation's Biggest Flop. Looper.

    https://www.looper.com/1151101/treasure-planet-the-complicated-history-behind-disney-animations-biggest-flop/

    Gleiberman, O. (2002, November 27). Treasure Planet. Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/article/2002/11/27/treasure-planet-2/

    Klein, A. (2002, November 24). Treasure Planet. Variety.

    https://variety.com/2002/film/awards/treasure-planet-1200544703/

    Lee, A. (2003, February 4). Films - interview - Joseph Gordon-Levitt. BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2003/02/04/joseph_gordon_levitt_treasure_planet_interview.shtml

    Markowitz, A. J., & Ryan, R. M. (2016). Father absence and adolescent depression and delinquency: A comparison of siblings approach. Journal of Marriage and Families, 78(5), 1300-1314. DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12343

    Musker, J., & Clements, R. (Directors). (2002). Treasure Planet [Film]. Walt Disney Animation Studios.

    Ness, M. (2016, April 28). When Your Dream Project Is A Financial Failure: Disney's Treasure Planet - Reactor. Tor.com. https://reactormag.com/when-your-dream-project-is-a-financial-failure-disneys-treasure-planet/

    Pallant, C. (2010). Neo-Disney: Recent developments in Disney feature animation. New Cinemas: Journal of Contemporary Film, 8(2), 103-117. doi: 10.1386/ncin.8.2.103_1

    Radulovic, P. (2020, July 21). Treasure Planet was a visionary box office bomb for Disney. Polygon. https://www.polygon.com/animation-cartoons/2020/7/21/21319228/treasure-planet-disney-cast-characters-making-of-box-office-bombs-animation

    Rossio, T. (2007). The One Hundred Million Dollar Mistake. Wordplayer. http://www.wordplayer.com/columns/wp47.100.Million.Mistake.html

    Scott, A. (2002, November 27). FILM REVIEW; 'Treasure Island' Flies Into Neurosis. The New York Times.

    https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/27/movies/film-review-treasure-island-flies-into-neurosis.html

    Stevenson, R. L., & Wyeth, N. (n.d.). Treasure Planet. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasure_Planet

    Treasure Planet. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2759296513/

    TREASURE PLANET Q&A with producers / directors / co-writers RON CLEMENTS & JOHN MUSKER. (2012, February 15). Phase 9.

    https://web.archive.org/web/20120215162334/http://www.phase9.tv/moviefeatures/treasureplanetq&a-ronclements&johnmusker1.shtml

    Verrier, R. (2002, December 6). Disney's 'Treasure Planet' an Adventure in Losing Money. Los Angeles Times.

    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-dec-06-fi-treasure6-story.html

    White, C. (2002, November 25). The creators of Treasure Planet sail the animated spaceways. Sci Fi Weekly.

    https://web.archive.org/web/20090402065305/http://www.scifi.com/sfw/interviews/sfw9163.html

    Zurcher, J. D., Brubaker, P. J., Webb, S. M., & Robinson, T. (2020). Parental roles in “The Circle of Life”: Representations of parents and parenting in Disney animated films from 1937 to 2017.

    Mass Communication and Society, 23

    (1), 128-150. doi: 10.1080/15205436.2019.1616763

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  • Lilo & Stitch

    Lilo & Stitch

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Much like family dynamics and intergalactic diplomacy, Lilo & Stitch (2002) is a complicated movie. Erin and Rachel surf through the topics of Hawaiian culture and representation, colonialism, and Elvis.

    Episode Bibliography

    Bell, J. (2023, August 13). The Meaning Behind The Song: He Mele No Lilo by Disney. Old Time Music. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://oldtimemusic.com/the-meaning-behind-the-song-he-mele-no-lilo-by-disney/

    Byrne, E. (2012). Forgetting Hawai’i: The role of Hawai’i in narratives of Barack Obama’s legitimacy. Comparative American Studies: An International Journal, 10(2), 188-199. doi: 10.1179/1477570012Z.00000000014

    Casley, E. (2016, November 4). 'Lilo & Stitch,''Moana,' and Disney's Representation of Indigenous Peoples. Colonialism – Bitch Flicks. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://colonialismbitch1.rssing.com/chan-58124034/article14.html

    Cheng, E. (2007). Family, race and citizenship in Disney’s Lilo and Stitch. In N. Scott (Ed.), Monsters and the Monstrous : Myths and Metaphors of Enduring Evil (pp. 123-132). Brill.

    Chow, E. T. (2018). The Sovereign Nation of Hawai'i: Resistance in the Legacy of "Aloha 'Oe". SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal, 2(15). https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1020&context=suurj

    Corliss, R. (2002, June 16). Stitch in Time? TIME.com. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,263026,00.html

    Cronin, B. (2020, March 29). See How 9/11 Caused a Dramatic Change to the Ending of Lilo & Stitch. CBR. Retrieved November 12, 2023, from https://www.cbr.com/lilo-stitch-9-11-edit/

    Dudley, S. (2023, June 16). The Story Room: The Making of Lilo and Stitch (Full Documentary). YouTube. Retrieved December 7, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YKrFytA4Zg

    Ebert, R. (2002, June 21). Lilo and Stitch movie review & film summary (2002). Roger Ebert. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/lilo-and-stitch-2002

    Ebiri, B. (2022, October 19). An Oral History of 'Lilo & Stitch,' A Hand-Drawn Miracle. Vulture. Retrieved November 25, 2023, from https://www.vulture.com/2022/10/an-oral-history-of-lilo-and-stitch-a-hand-drawn-miracle.html

    Ebiri, B. (2022, October 19). An Oral History of 'Lilo & Stitch,' A Hand-Drawn Miracle. Vulture. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://www.vulture.com/2022/10/an-oral-history-of-lilo-and-stitch-a-hand-drawn-miracle.html

    El-Mahmoud, S. (2022, April 21). Lilo & Stitch 20 Years Later: How The Disney Film Authentically Captured Hawaiian Culture With Tia Carrere's Help. Cinemablend. Retrieved November 12, 2023, from https://www.cinemablend.com/interviews/lilo-and-stitch-20-years-later-how-the-disney-film-authentically-captured-hawaiian-culture-with-tia-carreres-help

    Fiamma, A. (2022, July 19). Intervista a Chris Sanders, il regista di "Lilo & Stitch". Fumettologica. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://fumettologica.it/2022/07/intervista-chris-sanders-lilo-stitch/2/

    Filoi, R. (2022). Disney, Little Women, and Me. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 81(1), 225-237. doi: 10.1111/ajes.12453

    Fiorini, E. (2023, May 05). “Lilo and Stitch”: A film that is both wacky and gut wrenching. University Wire.

    Gahrett, L. (2022, August 18). Big Break. Corvallis Gazette-Times, 41.

    Gleiberman, O. (2002, June 28). Lilo & Stitch. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/2002/06/28/lilo-stitch-3/

    HB1986. (n.d.). Hawaii State Legislature. Retrieved January 5, 2024, from https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessions/session2022/bills/HB1986_.HTM

    Holmes, A. (2020, March 25). Yes, Disney Apparently Edited A Lilo And Stitch Scene, And Fans Are Freaking. Cinemablend. Retrieved November 12, 2023, from https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2493332/yes-disney-apparently-edited-a-lilo-and-stitch-scene-and-fans-are-freaking

    Ho‘omanawanui, K. (2013). Mo'olelo as Social and Political Action: Responding to Jack Zipes (De-Disneyfying Disney) and Waziyatawin (From the Clay We Rise). ScholarSpace.com. Retrieved December 7, 2023, from https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/70717b02-d55c-49f5-a735-b9f1f2c595d0/content

    Howe, D. (2002, June 21). 'Lilo' May Leave Kids in Stitches. The Washington Post. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2002/06/21/lilo-may-leave-kids-in-stitches/919a6f5a-267a-4e55-ae5f-aabc00bc4bd3/

    Lilo and Stitch: proof that Disney can get it right. (2011). Feminist Disney. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://feministdisney.tumblr.com/post/11134614957/lilo-and-stitch-proof-that-disney-can-get-it

    Lilo & Stich: Hawaiian Native Child Welfare. (2013, May 6). nerdwearingpearls.tumblr.com. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://nerdwearingpearls.tumblr.com/post/49776740089/lilo-stich-hawaiian-native-child-welfare

    Lilo & Stitch. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilo_%26_Stitch

    Mazo, A., & Pender-Cudlip, B. (Directors). (2018). Dawnland: A Documentary about Cultural Survival and Stolen Children [Film]. Upstander Project. https://upstanderproject.org/films/dawnland

    McCarthy, T. (2002, June 16). Lilo & Stitch. Variety. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://variety.com/2002/film/awards/lilo-stitch-1200549065/

    McKnight, U. (2008). The African in America: Race and the politics of diaspora. African Identities, 6(1), 63-81. doi: 10.1080/14725840701830881

    Moore, R. (2002, June 25). ACTORS STITCH A PERFECT FIT WITH THEIR HAWAIIAN ROOTS. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://www.orlandosentinel.com/2002/06/25/actors-stitch-a-perfect-fit-with-their-hawaiian-roots/

    Ness, M. (2016, October 27). Aliens and Family Values: Lilo and Stitch. Tor.com. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2016/10/27/lilo-and-stitch/

    Perea, K. (2015). Girl cartoons second wave: Transforming the genre. Animation: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 10(3), 189-204. DOI: 10.1177/1746847715608561

    Perea, K. (2018). Touching Queerness in Disney films: Dumbo and Lilo & Stitch. Social Sciences, 7(11), 225. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7110225

    Puig, C. (2002, June 20). 'Stitch' will keep you in stitches. usatoday.com. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/enter/movies/2002/2002-06-21-lilo-stitch.htm

    Radulovic, P. (2021, September 16). Lilo & Stitch: How Disney’s animated classic was made cheap and in secret. Polygon. Retrieved November 25, 2023, from https://www.polygon.com/features/22675483/lilo-and-stitch-disney-animation-chris-sanders-dean-deblois

    Ryan, T. (2002, January 17). Voices from the Islands. Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features. Retrieved November 12, 2023, from https://archives.starbulletin.com/2002/01/17/features/index.html

    Sanders, C., & DeBlois, D. (Directors). (2002). Lilo & Stitch [Film]. Walt Disney Animation Studios.

    Strausfogel, S. (2002, August 19). "A Stitch in time...: set on Kauai, Disney's animated film 'Lilo & Stitch' promises to boost interest in the islands, especially the Garden Isle, as a family destination. (On Location)." TravelAge West, 37(31), pp. H-4+.

    Turan, K. (2002, June 21). A Welcome Break From Disney Formula. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 5, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-jun-21-et-turan21-story.html

    Wallace, D. (2016, December 2). “Moana” is Turning Culture into Cash—Here's Why it Matters for Hawai'i. HONOLULU Magazine. Retrieved December 6, 2023, from https://www.honolulumagazine.com/moana-is-turning-culture-into-cash-heres-why-it-matters-for-hawaii/

    Yasuoka, M. Y. (2021). Hawai’i/Hawaii: Alterity, space, and the settler imaginary. [Master’s thesis, University of Illinois at Chicago]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.

  • The Best Disney Song of All Time

    The Best Disney Song of All Time

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Erin and Rachel sing their way through a March madness-style bracket to determine the best Disney song of all time!

    Listen to the official playlist of songs in the bracket (all "Sweet 16" of them) on YouTube Music.

    Watch the Our Last Night cover of Surface Pressure on YouTube.

  • Monsters, Inc.

    Monsters, Inc.

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Join Erin and Rachel on the Scare Floor for a discussion of Monsters, Inc. (2001). The impressive animation, clever world building, strong performances, and high joke density adequately compensate for some outdated fatphobic, classist, and misogynist beats. Under director Pete Docter, Pixar has officially hit their stride with this critically acclaimed box office smash.

    Episode Bibliography

    Al-Jbouri, E., & Pomerantz, S. (2020). A new kind of monster, cowboy, and crusader? Gender hegemony and flows of masculinities in Pixar animated films. Boyhood Studies, 13(1), 43-63. doi: 10.3167/bhs.2020.130104

    Docter, P. (Director). (2001). Monsters, Inc. [Film]. Pixar Animation Studios.

    Ebert, R. (2001, November 2). Monsters, Inc. movie review & film summary (2001). Roger Ebert. Retrieved October 16, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/monsters-inc-2001

    FilmIsNow Movie Bloopers & Extras. (2022, April 25). MONSTERS, Inc. (2001) | Making of CGI Featurette. YouTube. Retrieved October 1, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfIIvaSzE1g

    Gaura, M. A. (2002, November 9). Sonoma artist claims 'Monsters, Inc.' a rip-off / Suit says... SFGATE. Retrieved October 10, 2023, from https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/sonoma-artist-claims-monsters-inc-a-rip-off-2772969.php

    Hatic, D. (2016, October 1). Chinese Food Delivery Containers, Explained. Eater. Retrieved October 15, 2023, from https://www.eater.com/2016/10/1/13110692/chinese-food-takeout-box-history

    Kinzler, K. D., & DeJesus, J. M. (2013). Northern = smart and Souther = nice: The development of accent attitudes in the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(6), 1146-1158. DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2012.731695

    KSCG Guy. (2022, June 6). Filmmakers Roundtable | Monster's Inc. YouTube. Retrieved October 17, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2FTV7lI254

    Mitchell, E. (2001, November 2). FILM REVIEW; Monsters of Childhood With Feelings and Agendas (Published 2001). The New York Times. Retrieved October 16, 2023, from https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/02/movies/film-review-monsters-of-childhood-with-feelings-and-agendas.html

    Monsters, Inc. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved October 1, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsters,_Inc.

    Monsters, Inc. (n.d.). IMDb. Retrieved October 18, 2023, from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0198781/

    Monsters, Inc. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 19, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0198781/

    Ness, M. (2017, April 27). Fur, comedy, and lawsuits: Monsters, Inc. Tor.Com. https://www.tor.com/2017/04/27/fur-comedy-and-lawsuits-monsters-inc/

    Pixar Animation Studios. (n.d.). Pixar Animation Studios. Retrieved October 16, 2023, from https://www.pixar.com/feature-films/monsters-inc

    Shiels, M. (2002, November 14). Monsters Inc faces 'copying' lawsuit. BBC News. Retrieved 10 10, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20080204172819/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2477593.stm

    Snetiker, M. (2016, November 2). Monsters Inc: Pete Docter dives deep into movie's legacy and creation, 15 years later. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 17, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/2016/11/02/monsters-inc-anniversary-pete-docter/

    Taylor, C. (2001, November 2). Monsters, Inc. Salon.com. Retrieved October 16, 2023, from https://www.salon.com/2001/11/02/monsters_inc/

  • Atlantis: The Lost Empire

    Atlantis: The Lost Empire

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Making sense of the plot of Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001) proves almost as difficult as locating a lost civilization in the Atlantic Ocean. Erin and Rachel muddle through the complicated lore of this box office flop and manage to find some positive depictions of gender roles and racial diversity.

    Episode Bibliography

    apneax3n0n. (2015, May 9). Nadia vs Atlantis - The More You Know post. Imgur. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://imgur.com/gallery/ytmAW

    Atlantis: The Lost Empire. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantis:_The_Lost_Empire

    Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001). (n.d.). IMDb. Retrieved August 21, 2023, from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0230011/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1

    Boone, D. (2020, January 29). Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water (Fushigi no Umi no Nadia) – Nadia vs Atlantis. The Review Heap. Retrieved August 22, 2023, from https://thereviewheap.home.blog/2020/01/29/nadia-the-secret-of-blue-water-fushigi-no-umi-no-nadia-nadia-vs-atlantis/

    Cayce, E. D. (1968). Edgar Cayce on Atlantis. Hawthorn Books.

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2023, August 14). Atlantis, legendary island. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Atlantis-legendary-island

    Dudley, S. (2019, March 15). Making of Atlantis: The Lost Empire (Full Documentary). YouTube. Retrieved August 19, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvR9Zdp74fY

    Ebert, R. (2001, June 15). Atlantis: The Lost Empire movie review (2001). Roger Ebert. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/atlantis-the-lost-empire-2001

    Edgar Cayce. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 21, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Cayce

    Fabrikant, G. (2001, May 21). Suddenly, the Stakes Are High for Disney's Film and TV Businesses. The New York Times. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/21/business/suddenly-the-stakes-are-high-for-disney-s-film-and-tv-businesses.html

    Figueroa, J. (2020, May 3). Going Down in Flames: The Story of "Atlantis" Fire Mountain at the Magic Kingdom. WDW News Today. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://wdwnt.com/2020/05/going-down-in-flames-the-story-of-atlantis-fire-mountain-at-the-magic-kingdom/

    Gleiberman, O. (2001, June 6). Atlantis: The Lost Empire. EW.com. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/2001/06/06/atlantis-lost-empire/

    Hackforth, R. (1944). The story of Atlantis: Its purpose and its moral. The Classical Review, 58(1), 7-9.

    Hill, J. (2003, August 10). How Disney's animators lost their way on the road to "Atlantis: The Lost Empire". Jim Hill Media. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://jimhillmedia.com/how-disneys-animators-lost-their-way-on-the-road-to-atlantis-the-lost-empire/

    Hughey, M. W. (2010). The white savior film and reviewers’ reception. Symbolic Interaction, 33(3), 475-496.

    Hughey, M. W. (2014). The white savior film: Content, critics, and consumption. Temple University Press.

    Johnson, B. (2019, June 7). Neocolonialism in Disney’s Renaissance: Analyzing Portrayals of Race and Gender in Pocahontas, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, and Atlantis: The Lost Empire. Oregon State University.

    McCarthy, T. (2001, June 7). Atlantis: The Lost Empire. Variety. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://variety.com/2001/film/reviews/atlantis-the-lost-empire-1200468877/

    McDonald's Dives Into Disney's Atlantis. (2001, June 11). QSR magazine. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://www.qsrmagazine.com/news/mcdonalds-dives-disneys-atlantis

    McKeon, M. (2018, April 19). A Walt Disney production: “Atlantis: The Lost Empire”. Medium. https://filmknife.medium.com/a-walt-disney-production-atlantis-the-lost-empire-70059df1fc28

    Mitchell, E. (2001, June 8). FILM REVIEW; Under the Sea, Damp Hakuna Matata (Published 2001). The New York Times. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/08/movies/film-review-under-the-sea-damp-hakuna-matata.html

    Morris, W. (2001, June 15). 'Atlantis' is a find / Disney emphasizes adventure over cuteness, romance and song. SFGATE. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/Atlantis-is-a-find-Disney-emphasizes-2909019.php

    Moseley, D. (2001, June 15). Destination Atlantis at the El Capitan. Laughing Place. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://www.laughingplace.com/w/leg/?legacyasppage=w/News-ID502800.asp

    Ness, M. (2016, October 20). An Expensive Adventure: Atlantis: The Lost Empire. Tor.com. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2016/10/20/an-expensive-adventure-atlantis-the-lost-empire/

    Pinsky, M. (2004). The Gospel According to Disney: Faith, Trust, and Pixie Dust. Westminster John Knox Press. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Gospel_According_to_Disney/YGtbYTyulb4C?hl=en&gbpv=0

    Plato. (2008). Timaeus and Critias (D. Lee, Trans.). Penguin Books.

    Radulovic, P. (2020, September 23). Atlantis was meant to change the course of Disney animation. Polygon. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://www.polygon.com/animation-cartoons/2020/9/23/21446059/atlantis-the-lost-empire-disney-cast-voices-theme-park-don-hahn-tab-murphy-memes

    Ringle, C. (2019). Fear and loathing in the Americas: White fanatics and the cinematic mindset. Terrae Incognitae, 51(3), 271-280. DOI: 10.1080/00822884.2019.1662665

    Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2022, February 12). Plato. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato/

    Stegman, C. (2017). Remembering Atlantis: Plato’s “Timaeus-Critias”, the ancestral constitution, and the democracy of the Gods. Political Theory, 45(2), 240-260.

    Straw, J. (2019, January 5). Atlantis: The Lost Empire and the white savior [Blog Post]. http://jessicastraw.com/2019/01/05/atlantis-the-lost-empire-and-the-white-savior/

    Taylor, D. (2020, June 17). Atlantis: The Lost Empire: Inside the Troubled Disney Production. Collider. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://collider.com/disney-atlantis-the-lost-empire-history-explained/

    Tuckey, T. (2021, June 16). Atlantis: The Lost Empire's 20th Anniversary Fan Celebration (6/15/21). YouTube. Retrieved August 22, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecABcThwkW4

    Turan, K. (2001, June 8). 'Atlantis' Seems Like Old Times. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-jun-08-ca-7799-story.html

    Wise, K., & Trousdale, G. (Directors). (2001). Atlantis: The Lost Empire [Film]. Walt Disney Animation Studios.

    Zacharek, S. (2001, June 15). "Atlantis". Salon.com. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.salon.com/2001/06/15/atlantis/

    Zion, L. (2001, July 19). Nadia vs. Atlantis, Revisited! Anime News Network. Retrieved August 6, 2023, from https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/feature/2001-07-19

  • The Emperor's New Groove

    The Emperor's New Groove

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel try not to throw off the emperor’s groove with their critique of the cultural appropriation and homophobia in this cult classic from 2000. Ultimately, the memeable humor and nuanced portrayal of masculinity make The Emperor’s New Groove a palatable offering from a studio that was floundering post-Renaissance.

    Episode Bibliography

    Borthaiser, N. (2010). Brave New Americas: Historical re-interpretations in Disney's The Emperor's New Groove and DreamWorks' The Road to El Dorado. Americana: E-journal of American Studies in Hungary, 6(1). http://americanaejournal.hu/vol6no1/borthaiser

    Boyar, J. (2000, December 15). A TOON JUST FOR FUN – Orlando Sentinel. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.orlandosentinel.com/2000/12/15/a-toon-just-for-fun/

    Breznican, A. (2000, December 14). Singer stung by Disney cartoon. Daily News, 3B.

    Cochrane, E. (2000, January 1). The Emperor's New Groove Review. Empire Online. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/emperor-new-groove-2-review/

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Deja, A. (2011, September 25). Early Yzma. Deja View. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from http://andreasdeja.blogspot.com/2011/09/early-yzma.html

    Dindal, M. (Director). (2000). The Emperor’s New Groove [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Ebert, R. (2000, December 15). The Emperor's New Groove movie review (2000). Roger Ebert. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-emperors-new-groove-2000

    Ebiri, B. (2021, January 27). An Oral History of Disney's 'The Emperor's New Groove'. Vulture. Retrieved July 19, 2023, from https://www.vulture.com/article/an-oral-history-of-disney-the-emperors-new-groove.html

    The Emperor's New Groove. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved June 18, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Emperor%27s_New_Groove

    The Emperor's New Groove. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 18, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2572256769/

    The Emperor’s New Groove: A Refusal To Say The ‘P’ Word (Peru, That Is). (2019, December 10). From Tonto to Thomas Builds-the-Fire: Native American Representation. https://nativeamericanmediarepresentation.wordpress.com/2019/12/10/the-emperors-new-groove-a-refusal-to-say-the-p-word-peru-that-is/

    Feminist Disney, The Emperor's New Groove: It's okay. (2014). Feminist Disney. Retrieved July 15, 2023, from https://feministdisney.tumblr.com/post/10933261391/the-emperors-new-groove-its-okay

    Hicken, J. (2014, June 24). 50 things you might not know about your favorite Disney films, 1998-2013 edition. Deseret News. Retrieved June 18, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20180719054251/https://www.deseretnews.com/top/2530/12/The-Emperors-New-Groove-2000-50-things-you-might-not-know-about-your-favorite-Disney-films.html

    Hill, J. (2000, December 31). What Went Right for "The Emperor's New Groove" & What Went Wrong for "102 Dalmatians". Jim Hill Media. Retrieved July 9, 2023, from https://jimhillmedia.com/what-went-right-emperors-new-groove-what-went-wrong-102-dalmatians/

    Hill, J. (2001, May 8). The Long Story Behind the Emperor's New Groove, Part One. Laughing Place. Retrieved July 9, 2023, from https://www.laughingplace.com/w/leg/?legacyasppage=w/News-ID115140.asp

    Hill, J. (2001, May 10). The Long Story Behind the Emperor's New Groove, Part Two. Laughing Place. Retrieved July 9, 2023, from https://www.laughingplace.com/w/leg/?legacyasppage=w/News-ID115160.asp

    Leigh, D. (2001, February 14). Llama drama. The Guardian. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2001/feb/14/artsfeatures

    Martín-Rodríguez, M. M. (2003). Reel origins: Multiculturalism, history, and the American children’s movie. In C. F. Levander & C. J. Single (Eds.), The American child: A cultural studies reader. Rutgers University Press.

    Moorhead, M. V. (2000, December 14). Jonesing for a New Groove. Houston Press. Retrieved June 18, 2023, from https://www.houstonpress.com/film/jonesing-for-a-new-groove-6562706

    Ness, M. (2016, October 13). When Chaos Leads to Comedy: The Emperor's New Groove. Tor.com. Retrieved July 9, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2016/10/13/when-chaos-leads-to-comedy-the-emperors-new-groove/

    Radulovic, P. (2020, June 24). Emperor’s New Groove: The story behind the Disney movie. Polygon. Retrieved July 19, 2023, from https://www.polygon.com/2020/6/24/21301603/the-emperors-new-groove-streaming-disney-david-spade-john-goodman-eartha-kitt

    The Road to El Dorado. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved July 19, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_to_El_Dorado

    Roger, M. (2000, December 22). 'The Emperor's New Groove' developed from earlier project. Lubbock Avalanche-Journal. Retrieved June 18, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20150208083101/http://lubbockonline.com/stories/122200/aro_122200006.shtml

    Savlov, M. (2000, December 15). The Emperor's New Groove - Movie Review. The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.austinchronicle.com/events/film/2000-12-15/141749/

    Silverman, H. (2002). Groovin’ to ancient Peru: A critical analysis of Disney’s The Emperor’s New Groove. Journal of Social Archaeology, 2(3), 298-322.

    Strauss, B. (2000, December 15). WITH 'GROOVE,' DISNEY'S IN A RUT. Daily News. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20150208114551/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/WITH+%27GROOVE%2c%27+DISNEY%27S+IN+A+RUT.-a083411452

    Styler, T., & Davidson, J.-P. (Directors). (2002). The Sweatbox [Film]. Xingu Films. https://archive.org/details/SweatboxDocumentaryUneditedVersion

    Thomas, S., & Weldon, G. (Hosts). (2020, November 25). Twenty years later, is “The Emperor’s New Groove”... a classic? [Audio podcast episode]. In Pop Culture Happy Hour. NPR. https://www.npr.org/transcripts/937948440

    Towbin, M. A., Haddock, S. A., Zimmerman, Z. S., Lund, L. K., & Tanner, L. R. (2003). Images of gender, race, age, and sexual orientation in Disney feature-length animated films. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 15(4), 19-44. doi: 10.1300/J086v15n04_02

    Welkos, R. W. (2000, December 13). Disney Moves to 'New Groove'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20150119065807/http://articles.latimes.com/2000/dec/13/entertainment/ca-64717

  • Dinosaur

    Dinosaur

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Disney animators combined computer generated animation with live action background scenery to create the visually stunning Dinosaur (2000). Unfortunately, the boring plot and lackluster characters leave Erin and Rachel wishing that these dinosaurs would hurry up and go extinct.

    Episode Bibliography

    Aguilar, C. (2020, May 26). Celebrating the risk-taking greatness of Disney’s Dinosaur, 20 years later. RogerEbert.com.

    Blankstein, A. (1998, February 28). Boom's Counterweight Cited as Possible Cause of Fatal Accident. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-feb-28-me-23933-story.html

    Blankstein, A. (1998, April 14). Disney Sued by Family of Man Killed on Film Set. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-apr-14-me-39062-story.html

    Blankstein, A. (1998, April 29). Disney Co. Fined $5000 in Death of Film Crew Member. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-apr-29-me-44138-story.html

    Business/Entertainment Editors & Retail Writers. (2000, May 18). SKECHERS USA announces its participation in McDonald's national campaign promoting walt disney pictures' ‘Dinosaur’. Business Wire.

    Dinosaur (2000 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 9, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur_(2000_film)

    Ebert, R. (2000, May 19). Dinosaur movie review & film summary (2000). Roger Ebert. Retrieved May 19, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/dinosaur-2000

    Hill, J. (2003, January 14). The Sad Tale of Disney's Secret Lab. Jim Hill Media. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://jimhillmedia.com/the-sad-tale-of-disneys-secret-lab/

    Jackson Hall, W. (2000, June 1). Disney Takes a BIG Departure from Formula with Dinosaur. Animation World Network. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.awn.com/animationworld/disney-takes-big-departure-formula-dinosaur

    Matsumoto, J. (2000, May 27). Dinosaurs May Be a Monster Hit Beyond the Box Office. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-may-27-ca-34473-story.html

    McCarthy, T. (2000, May 8). Dinosaur. Variety. Retrieved May 19, 2023, from https://variety.com/2000/film/reviews/dinosaur-1200462446/

    Murray, R. L., & Heumann, J. K., (2011). That’s all folks?: Ecocritical readings of American animated features. University of Nebraska Press.

    Ness, M. (2016, October 6). Who knew Dinosaurs Could Be This Boring? Disney's Dinosaur. Tor.com. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2016/10/06/who-knew-dinosaurs-could-be-this-boring-disneys-dinosaur/

    Out Of The Storm. (n.d.). Kate Bush Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.katebushencyclopedia.com/out-of-the-storm

    Phil Tippett. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 18, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Tippett

    Plesset, R. (1999, February). Phil Tippett, Dinosaur. Cinefantastique Magazine, 31(1-2), 43-44.

    Robertson, B. (2000, May). BEAUTY... and the BEASTS. Computer Graphics World. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.cgw.com/Publications/CGW/2000/Volume-23-Issue-5-May-2000-/BEAUTY-and-the-BEASTS.aspx

    Sanders, R. (2021, February 24). Our earliest primate ancestors rapidly spread after dinosaur extinction. Berkeley News. https://news.berkeley.edu/story_jump/our-earliest-primate-ancestors-rapidly-spread-after-dinosaur-extinction

    Sexton, T. (2019, February 13). Associate professor discussion work on Disney’s Dinosaur. The Blue Banner. https://thebluebanner.net/10117/arts-features/associate-professor-discusses-work-on-disneys-dinosaur/

    Shen, F. (2000, June 21). ‘Dinosaur’ rewrites pre-history. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2000/06/21/dinosaur-rewrites-pre-history/738725d0-5c8c-439f-a5ff-9f997420da76/

    Stack, P. (2000, May 14). Digital Animation Evolves / Disney's `Dinosaur' a giant step forward. SFGATE. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Digital-Animation-Evolves-Disney-s-Dinosaur-a-2759935.php

    Taylor, D. (2020, May 19). How Dinosaur, a movie you've forgotten existed, shaped the Disney landscape forever. Syfy. Retrieved May 9, 2023, from https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/dinosaur-2000-disney-changes-secret-lab

    Tretiakova, Y. (2021, March 30). 10 Things You Didn't Know About Disney's Dinosaur. CBR. Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.cbr.com/disney-dinosaur-movie-trivia/#it-was-the-most-expensive-computer-animated-movie-at-the-time

    Tripp, B. (2022, February 15). Countdown to Extinction: Inside the Evolution of Animal Kingdom's Time-Traveling DINOSAUR Dark Ride. Park Lore. Retrieved May 18, 2023, from https://parklore.com/main/lost-legend/dinosaur/

    Turan, K. (2000, May 19). What Would He Say? Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 19, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-may-19-ca-31579-story.html

    Verrier, R. (2000, April 15). DISNEY TAKES DINO-SIZE STEP – Orlando Sentinel. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved April 16, 2023, from https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2000-04-16-0004140533-story.html

    VHS BTS. (2019, March 28). the Making of Dinosaur the Movie. YouTube. Retrieved May 17, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e39KifR6AOo

    VHS BTS. (2019, April 1). Dinosaur: Larger Than Life. YouTube. Retrieved May 17, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxlfy6Hzn7E

    Ward, A.R. (2002). Mouse morality: The rhetoric of Disney animated film. University of Texas Press.

    Zondag, R., & Leighton, E. (Directors). (2000). Dinosaur [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

  • Toy Story 2

    Toy Story 2

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Originally planned for a direct-to-video release, Toy Story 2 (1999) was deemed too good for the small screen and instead enjoyed a theatrical release that was met with rave reviews. The addition of a plucky heroine with a tragic backstory mitigates some of the toxic masculinity from the first installment, but ableism and fatphobia manage to sneak in.

    Episode Bibliography

    ABC News. (2000, October 24). Profane Toy Story 2 Recalled. ABC News. Retrieved March 29, 2023, from https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=114164&page=1

    Aguilera, L. (2015, October 7). EXCLUSIVE: 'Toy Story' Writer Debunks Two of the Biggest Pixar Fan Theories! Entertainment Tonight. Retrieved March 20, 2023, from https://www.etonline.com/news/173521_exclusive_pixar_fan_theory_pete_docter_toy_story_4

    Cohen, K. (1999, December 1). Toy Story 2 Is Not Your Typical Hollywood Sequel. Animation World Network. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.awn.com/animationworld/toy-story-2-not-your-typical-hollywood-sequel

    Ebert, R. (1999, November 24). Toy Story 2 movie review & film summary (1999). Roger Ebert. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/toy-story-2-1999

    Gennusa, C. (1999, December 18). Disney will add 'bloopers' to 'Toy Story 2". Quad-City Times, 4W.

    Jones, A. (2014, April 6). Ed Catmull's 'Creativity, Inc.' is a thoughtful look at Pixar. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-books-20140406-story.html

    Kapur, J. (2005). Obsolescence and other playroom anxieties: Childhood in the shadows of late capital. Rethinking Marxism, 17(2), 237-255. doi: 10.1080/08935690500046793

    Lasseter, J. (Director). (1999). Toy Story 2 [Film]. Pixar Animation Studios.

    McCloud, T. (2022, February 16). 'Lightyear' Producer Credited With Saving 'Toy Story 2' After Deletion. Newsweek. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://www.newsweek.com/lightyear-producer-credited-saving-toy-story-2-after-deletion-1680072

    Ness, M. (2020, March 27). A Weighty Sequel: Rewatching Pixar's Toy Story 2. Tor.com. Retrieved March 18, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2020/03/27/a-weighty-sequel-rewatching-pixars-toy-story-2/

    Oliver, S. (2017, March 31). The Making of Toy Story 2. YouTube. Retrieved March 19, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkiEyseaM1k

    Panzarino, M. (2012, May 21). How Toy Story 2 Got Deleted Twice, Once on Accident, Again on purpose. TheNextWeb. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://thenextweb.com/news/how-pixars-toy-story-2-was-deleted-twice-once-by-technology-and-again-for-its-own-good

    Pixar Animation Studios. (2023). Pixar Animation Studios. Retrieved March 23, 2023, from https://www.pixar.com/feature-films/toy-story-2

    Price, D. A. (2008). The Pixar Touch: The Making of a Company. Alfred A. Knopf.

    Schwarzbaum, L. (2010, March 26). Movie Review: Toy Story 2 | EW.com. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 11, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/2010/03/26/movie-review-toy-story-2/

    Stark, S. (2022, March 1). It’s time to abolish the fat villain trope. Inverse. https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/abolish-the-fat-villain-trope

    Toy Story 2. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved March 10, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_Story_2

    Toy Story 2. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 26, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl1417119233/

    Turan, K. (1999, November 19). Seeking the Meaning of (Shelf) Life. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-nov-19-ca-35106-story.html

  • Tarzan

    Tarzan

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel swing to the end of the Disney Renaissance with their discussion of Tarzan (1999). The hosts fault the filmmakers for their choice of racist, misogynistic source material, but applaud the stunning visuals, quotable script, and catchy soundtrack.

    Episode Bibliography

    Abbott, J. (1999, June 7). A FRESH TARZAN. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1999-06-08-9906070397-story.html

    Asclepi. (2012, June 26). The Making Of Tarzan. YouTube. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drOxNNGwop4

    Bruce W.... - African-American Animators - Past & Present. (n.d.). Facebook. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://m.facebook.com/211281015572088/photos/bruce-w-smith-first-african-american-supervising-animator-for-disney-he-supervis/211284832238373/

    Burroughs, E. R. (1914). Tarzan of the Apes. A.L. Burt & Co.

    Berglund, J. (1999). Write, right, white, rite: Literacy, imperialism, race, and cannibalism in Edgar Rice Burroughs Tarzan of the Apes. Studies in American Literature, 27(1), 58-64. DOI: 10.1353/saf.1999.0011

    Bettany, S., & Belk, R.W. (2011). Disney discourses of self and Other: animality, primitivity, modernity, and postmodernity. Consumption Markets & Culture, 14(2), 163-176. DOI: 10.1080/10253866.2011.562017

    Brode, D. (2006). Multiculturalism and the mouse: Race and sex in Disney entertainment. University of Texas Press.

    Daly, S. (2000, February 4). Tarzan. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/2000/02/04/tarzan-6/

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company, Limited.

    Ebert, R. (1999, June 18). Tarzan movie review & film summary (1999). Roger Ebert. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/tarzan-1999

    Eller, C. (1999, June 11). Gauging the Heat of Competition as Post-'Menace' Season Begins. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jun-11-fi-45276-story.html

    Fafowora, O. (2017). Imagining the 'Dark Continent': Disney's Tarzan and defining the African post-colonial subject. Reinvention, 11(1).

    Fleeman, M. (1999, June 17). Phil Collins goes out on a limb, scores with 'Tarzan' soundrack. The Daily Gazette, C9.

    Jurca, C. (1996). Tarzan, Lord of the suburbs. Modern Language Quarterly, 57(3), 483. DOI: 10.1215/00267929-57-3-479.

    Hill, J. (2016, September 22). Would Woody Allen have been a better fit for LeFou in Disney's “Beauty and the Beast” ? HuffPost. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/would-woody-allen-have-been-a-better-fit-for-lefou_b_57e4499ae4b09f67131e3f40?timestamp=1474582581075

    Howe, D. (1999, June 18). 'Tarzan' (G). The Washington Post. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/tarzanhowe.htm

    Lawson, T., & Ridder, K. -. (1999, June 15). `TARZAN' YELL. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-06-16-9906160335-story.html

    Lima, K., & Buck, C. (Directors). (1999). Tarzan [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    MacEacheran, M. (2014, March 5). Tarzan’s bewitching jungle home. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20140220-tarzans-bewitching-jungle-home

    Maslin, J. (1999, June 18). 'Tarzan': Monkey Business -- Rewriting the Jungle Book. The New York Times Web Archive. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/film/061899tarzan-film-review.html

    McCarthy, T. (1999, June 7). Tarzan. Variety. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://variety.com/1999/film/reviews/tarzan-1117499855/

    Naughton, J. (1999, May 2). Against All Odds. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-may-02-ca-33052-story.html

    Ness, M. (2016, April 14). The End of the Disney Renaissance: Tarzan. Tor.com. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2016/04/14/the-end-of-the-disney-renaissance-tarzan/

    Newsinger, John (1986). Lord Greystoke and darkest Africa: the politics of the Tarzan stories. Race and Class, 28(2), 61–64. DOI: 10.1177/030639688602800204

    Newsinger, J. (2000). Me Disney, you Tarzan. Race and Class, 42(1), 78.

    Noyer, J. (2008, March 21). Get Enchanted ! Chapter Six: Director Kevin Lima and exec producer Chris Chase. Animated Views. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://animatedviews.com/2008/enchanted-interviews-chapter-six-kevin-lima-and-chris-chase/

    Schwarzbaum, L. (1999, June 25). Tarzan. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/1999/06/25/tarzan-5/

    Strickler, J. (1999, June 13). Tarzan swings by Disney. Star Tribune, F18.

    Taliaferro, J. (2002). Tarzan forever: The life of Edgar Rice Burroughs, creator of Tarzan. Simon & Schuster.

    Tarzan (1999 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarzan_(1999_film)

    Tarzan of the Apes. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 28, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarzan_of_the_Apes

    Turan, K. (1999, June 16). Vine, Woman and Song. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jun-16-ca-46893-story.html

    Wannamaker, A., & Abate, M. A. (Eds.). (2012). Global Perspectives on Tarzan: From King of the Jungle to International Icon. Routledge.

    Ward, A.R. (2002). Mouse morality: The rhetoric of Disney animated film. University of Texas Press.

    Weeks, J. (1999, June 27). Tarzan and the race card: The ape-man's creator might have believed in white superiority, but the new Disney film goes out of its way to avoid the black and white issues. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved from https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-06-27-9906280262-story.html

    Whitley, D. (2012). The idea of nature in Disney animation: From Snow White to WALL-E (2nd ed.) . Ashgate.

    Wilmington, M. (1999, June 17). TECHNO `TARZAN'. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 19, 2023, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-06-18-9906180286-story.html

  • A Bug's Life

    A Bug's Life

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Despite competing with a similar insect-themed offering from DreamWorks, Pixar’s sophomore feature film, A Bug’s Life (1998), earned positive reviews at the box office and solidified the reputation of the animation studio. Although misogyny, racism, and fatphobia are sprinkled throughout, Rachel eagerly celebrates this movie as a depiction of Marxist class revolution; Erin is less enthusiastic.

    Episode Bibliography

    Antz. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0120587/?ref_=bo_se_r_1

    Bansinath, B. (2022, November 16). All of the Allegations Against Kevin Spacey. The Cut. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.thecut.com/article/all-of-the-allegations-against-actor-kevin-spacey.html

    Brew, S. (2016, March 24). Widescreen, pan and scan, and the slow rise of letterboxing. Den of Geek. Retrieved January 21, 2023, from https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/widescreen-pan-and-scan-and-the-slow-rise-of-letterboxing/

    Brown, A. (2012, June 12). Ants. Why Did It Have To Be Ants?: A Bug's Life. Tor.com. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2012/06/12/ants-why-did-it-have-to-be-ants-a-bugs-life/

    A Bug's Life. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2420737537/

    A Bug's Life. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Bug%27s_Life#cite_note-PixarTouch01-6

    A Bug's Life (1998) - Full Cast & Crew. (n.d.). IMDb. Retrieved January 5, 2023, from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120623/fullcredits/?ref_=tt_cl_sm

    Burrows, P. (1998, November 12). ANTZ VS. BUGS: The inside story of how Dreamworks beat Pixar to the screen. Business Week. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/19991128083348/http://www.businessweek.com/1998/47/b3605013.htm

    Burrows, P. (1998, November 13). STEVE JOBS, MOVIE MOGUL: Can he build Pixar into a major studio? Business Week. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/19991128070945/http://www.businessweek.com/1998/47/b3605001.htm

    Carlson, W. E. (2017). 6.7 Pacific Data Images (PDI) – Computer Graphics and Computer Animation: A Retrospective Overview. The Ohio State University Pressbooks. Retrieved January 21, 2023, from https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/graphicshistory/chapter/6-7-pacific-data-images-pdi/

    Caruso, S. (2022, October 6). A Timeline of Kevin Spacey's Controversies, as He Faces Sexual Assault Trial in New York City. People. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://people.com/tv/kevin-spacey-controversy-timeline/

    Clinton, P. (1998, November 20). Review: 'A Bug's Life' hits a bulls-eye. CNN. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/Movies/9811/20/review.bugs.life/

    Corliss, R. (1998, November 30). Cinema: Bugs Funny. TIME.com. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,989666,00.html

    Cuenca-Orellana, N., & López-Heredia, P. (2020). Male and female workers: Gender treatment through Pixar’s films. index.comunicación, 10(1), 97-123.

    Davis, S. (1998, October 2). Animated Film Directors Bring Insects to Life. The Oklahoman. Retrieved January 21, 2023, from https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1998/10/02/animated-film-directors-bring-insects-to-life/62267152007/

    Ebert, R. (1998, November 25). A Bug's Life movie review & film summary (1998). Roger Ebert. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-bugs-life-1998

    Failes, I. (2017, November 25). 'Geri's Game' Turns 20: Director Jan Pinkava Reflects On The Game-Changing Pixar Short. Cartoon Brew. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://www.cartoonbrew.com/cgi/geris-game-turns-20-director-jan-pinkava-reflects-game-changing-pixar-short-154646.html

    Gleiberman, O. (1998, November 20). A Bug's Life | EW.com. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://ew.com/article/1998/11/20/bugs-life/

    Gomez, P. (2020, May 26). A Bug's Life is the technological marvel Pixar left behind. The A.V. Club. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.avclub.com/a-bug-s-life-is-the-technological-marvel-pixar-left-beh-1843575964

    Grebey, J. (2018, November 24). Why A Bug's Life Is an Underrated Pixar Classic. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/article/why-a-bugs-life-is-an-underrated-pixar-classic

    Hunter, S. (1998, November 25). 'A Bug's Life' (G). The Washington Post. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/movies/reviews/bugslifehunter.htm

    Iverson, J. (1999, February 14). A Bug's Life Becomes First All-Digital DVD Release. Sound & Vision. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.soundandvision.com/content/ia-bugs-lifei-becomes-first-all-digital-dvd-release

    Julie, & T.J. (2013, January 31). A Bug's Life - Director's Commentary Review. Pixar Post. Retrieved January 9, 2023, from https://pixarpost.com/2013/01/a-bugs-life-directors-commentary-review.html

    King, S. (1999, April 22). A New Look for 'Bug'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-22-ca-29763-story.html

    Lasseter, J., & Stanton, A. (Directors). (1998). A Bug’s Life [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Marshall, A. (2022, November 16). Kevin Spacey Faces New Sexual Assault Charges in U.K. The New York Times. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/16/arts/uk-kevin-spacey-sexual-assault-charges.html

    McCarthy, T. (1998, November 29). A Bug's Life. Variety. Retrieved January 5, 2023, from https://variety.com/1998/film/reviews/a-bug-s-life-1200455803/

    Mulder, C. P. (2013). It’s the time of your life: Marxism in animated films. Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 25(2), 284-292. DOI: 10.1080/08935696.2012.696806

    Murray, R. L., & Heumann, J. K. (2011). That’s all folks? Ecocritical readings of American animated features. Nebraska.

    Ness, M. (2017, February 23). Insects and Corporate Infighting: A Bug's Life. Tor.com. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.tor.com/2017/02/23/insects-and-corporate-infighting-a-bugs-life/

    Pixar. (2016, October 13). Filmmakers Round Table | A Bug's Life | Disney•Pixar. YouTube. Retrieved January 9, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKWKasuMXtk

    Pixar. (2023). Translucency and Subsurface Scattering. Pixar's RenderMan. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://renderman.pixar.com/resources/RenderMan_20/subsurface.html

    Pixar Animation Studios - a bug's life. (2023). Pixar Animation Studios. Retrieved January 9, 2023, from https://www.pixar.com/feature-films/a-bugs-life

    Stack, P. (1998, November 25). "Bug's" Has Legs / Cute insect adventure a visual delight. SFGATE. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/Bug-s-Has-Legs-Cute-insect-adventure-a-visual-2976395.php

    Subsurface scattering. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsurface_scattering

    VHS BTS. (2019, March 28). Living A Bugs Life. YouTube. Retrieved January 14, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Msedi5Ao0

    WAusJackBauer. (2016, March 4). A Bug's Life - Behind The Scenes (1080p). YouTube. Retrieved January 14, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KHfMUZ73ybg

    Wilmington, M. (1998, November 24). A BUG'S LIFE. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 7, 2023, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1998-11-25-9811250037-story.html

    Wisecrack. (2022, January 31) Antz vs. A Bug's Life: Who Loves Capitalism More?[Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCpxP51SOmE

  • Mulan

    Mulan

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel explore the mess of gender and culture in Mulan (1998), Disney’s adaptation of an ancient Chinese legend. The plucky heroine promotes the “Girl Power” feminism that has fueled the female protagonists of most Disney Renaissance films, but does so in a way that manages to completely misrepresent Chinese culture and values. Spoiler alert: Chinese audiences did not love this movie.

    Episode Bibliography

    Abbott, J. (1998, June 21). FLORIDA ANIMATION STUDIO COMES OF AGE WITH MULAN. The Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20181119022905/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1998-06-21-9806190194-story.html

    Bancroft, T., & Cook, B. (Directors). (1998). Mulan [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Červinka, P. (2015, April 21). The Making of Mulan. YouTube. Retrieved December 6, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zHSJBwhuUk

    Chen, R., Chen, Z., & Yang, Y. (2021). The creation and operation strategy of Disney’s Mulan: Cultural appropriation and cultural discount. Sustainability, 13(5), doi: 10.3390/su13052751

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Dong, L. (2010). Mulan’s legend and legacy in China and the United States. Temple University Press.

    Ebert, R. (1998, June 19). Mulan movie review & film summary (1998). Roger Ebert. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/mulan-1998

    Elise. (2019). Who made the Universal Studios theme music? Quora. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.quora.com/Who-made-the-Universal-Studios-theme-music

    Eller, C. (1998, June 12). Bridled Optimism. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 21, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jun-12-fi-59077-story.html

    England, D. E., Descartes, L., & Collier-Meek, M. A. (2011). Gender role portrayal and the Disney princesses. Sex Roles, 64, 555-567. doi: 10.1007/s11199-011-9930-7

    Failes, I. (2020, September 26). The CG side of the animated 'Mulan'. befores & afters. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://beforesandafters.com/2020/09/26/the-cg-side-of-the-animated-mulan/

    Fleeman, M. (1998, July 12). World Tibet Network News: Hollywood hopes more movies will follow Clinton to China. Canada Tibet Committee. Retrieved November 21, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20110705114829/http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/archive/old?y=1998&m=7&p=12_2

    Gleiberman, O. (1998, June 19). Mulan | EW.com. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://ew.com/article/1998/06/19/mulan-3/

    Grady, C. (2020, September 4). The history of Mulan, from a 6th-century ballad to the live-action Disney movie. Vox. https://www.vox.com/culture/21412785/mulan-history-original-chinese-ballad-disney

    Haynes, S. (2020, September 4). The controversial origins of the story behind Mulan. TIME. https://time.com/5881064/mulan-real-history/

    Heritage Learning- Kallispell, MT. (2016, November 2). Fa Mulan. YouTube. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsaE6CgW4Uk

    Hoffmann, E. S. (2019). Diversity dissected: Intersectional socialization in Disney’s Aladdin, Mulan, and The Princess and the Frog. Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English, 5, 60-126.

    King, S. (1998, June 25). Fa, a Long Long Way to Come. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jun-25-ca-63261-story.html

    Kung, J. (2019). Disney’s Mulan and unlocking queer Asian-American masculinity. sprinkle: An Undergraduate Journal of Feminist and Queer Studies, 12, 40-49.

    Kurtenbach, E. (1999, February 8). World Tibet Network News: China Allows Disney Film Screening. Canada Tibet Committee. Retrieved November 21, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20110610074601/http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/archive/old?y=1999&m=2&p=8_5

    Kurtti, J. (2020). The Art of Mulan: A Disney Editions Classic. Disney Editions.

    Labi, N. (1998, June 29). Girl Power. TIME. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20080415124047/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,988643-1,00.html

    Labi, N. (2001, June 24). Girl Power. TIME. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,139472,00.html

    Lando, J. (1999, March 19). BBC News | ENTERTAINMENT | Chinese unimpressed with Disney's Mulan. BBC News Home. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/299618.stm

    Langfitt, F. (1999, May 3). Disney magic fails 'Mulan' in China. Baltimore Sun. Retrieved November 21, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20140224180211/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1999-05-03/features/9905030250_1_disney-s-mulan-sui-dynasty-chinese

    Martin, S. K. (2013, March 12). Tony Bancroft on 'Mulan': 'I Want to Bring Christian-Based Values to All My Work'. Christian Post. Retrieved November 27, 2022, from https://www.christianpost.com/news/tony-bancroft-on-mulan-i-want-to-bring-christian-based-values-to-all-my-work-90987/

    Maslin, J. (1998, June 19). FILM REVIEW; A Warrior, She Takes on Huns and Stereotypes (Published 1998). The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/19/movies/film-review-a-warrior-she-takes-on-huns-and-stereotypes.html

    Mulan. (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 15, 2022, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3664086529/weekend/

    Mulan (1998) - Full Cast & Crew. (n.d.). IMDb. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120762/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_wr_sm

    Mulan (Jerry Goldsmith). (2007, July 7). Filmtracks. Retrieved November 21, 2022, from https://www.filmtracks.com/titles/mulan.html

    Ness, M. (2016, March 31). Girl Power, A Cricket, and a Dragon: Disney's Mulan. Tor.com. Retrieved November 27, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/03/31/girl-power-a-cricket-and-a-dragon-disneys-mulan/

    Noyer, J. (n.d.). Mulan (1998 film). Wikipedia. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulan_(1998_film)

    Noyer, J. (2008, August 14). Tony Bancroft balances the yin and the yang in directing Mulan – Animated Views. Animated Views. Retrieved December 1, 2022, from https://animatedviews.com/2008/tony-bancroft-balances-the-yin-and-the-yang-in-directing-mulan/

    Romano, A. (2017, October 10). McDonald's Szechuan Sauce inspired a Rick and Morty fan meltdown. Vox. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/10/10/16448816/rick-and-morty-szechuan-sauce-backlash

    Siskel, G. (1998, June 18). MULDER, SCULLY MAKE A GOOD TEAM – Chicago Tribune. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1998-06-19-9806190112-story.html

    Turan, K. (1998, June 19). 'Mulan': Formula With a New Flavor. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 5, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jun-19-ca-61328-story.html

    VHS BTS. (2019, March 22). From Legend to Life The Making of Mulan. YouTube. Retrieved December 6, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUMh3si5lxs

    Wang, Z. (2020, July 10). Cultural “Authenticity” as a Conflict-Ridden Hypotext: Mulan (1998), Mulan Joins the Army (1939), and a Millennium-Long Intertextual Metamorphosis. Arts, 9(3), 78. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/arts9030078

    Wang, Z. (2021, December 6). From Mulan (1998) to Mulan (2020): Disney Conventions, Cross-Cultural Feminist Intervention, and a Compromised Progress. Arts, 11(1), 5. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/arts11010005

    Ward, A.R. (2002). Mouse morality: The rhetoric of Disney animated film. University of Texas Press.

    Yin, J. (2011). Popular culture and public imaginary: Disney vs. Chinese stories of Mulan. Javnost – The Public, 18(1), 53-74. Doi: 10.1080/13183222.2011.11009051

    Zhao, X. J. (2020, October 24). Everything culturally right and wrong with Mulan 1998 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SHC7CnmErM

  • Hercules

    Hercules

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Unlike its eponymous protagonist, Hercules (1997) is more “zero” than “hero.” Erin and Rachel discuss the film’s rampant misogyny and obnoxious product placement. Compelling vocal performances and soaring musical numbers–the last of Alan Menken’s contributions during the Disney Renaissance–can’t rescue this box office disappointment from the River of Death. Much like Achilles, it just doesn’t go the distance.

    Episode Bibliography

    Callaway, T. (2012, August 1). Susan Egan: Belle, Meg, Glamour and Goop - Part 2. The Mouse Castle. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from http://www.themousecastle.com/2012/08/susan-egan-belle-meg-glamour-and-goop.html

    Clements, R., & Musker, J. (Directors). (1997). Hercules [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Crouch, L. (1997, February 13). Disney Promotional Tour A Herculean Undertaking. Sun Sentinel. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063452/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1997-02-13/news/9702120413_1_hera-movie-animator

    DiSessa, K. J. (2020, November 24). The Illusion of Empowerment: A Feminist Analysis of Disney's "Hercules". Inquiries Journal. Retrieved October 22, 2022, from http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1842/the-illusion-of-empowerment-a-feminist-analysis-of-disneys-hercules

    Diuguid, C. (1997, June 16). Herculean block party. Variety. Retrieved October 13, 2022, from https://variety.com/1997/scene/vpage/herculean-block-party-1116679409/

    Dreher, R. (1997, June 22). 'Hercules' Is A Bit Hipper This Time Out. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130239/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1997-06-22/entertainment/9706201020_1_hercules-john-musker-scarfe

    Gillespie, S. A. (2012, May 7). John Musker Question Countdown #3 — Howard Ashman. Howard Ashman. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.howardashman.com/blog/john-musker-question-countdown-3/

    The Great Greek Hero. (1997, November 9). The Sunday Times On The Web - Mirror Magazine. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.sundaytimes.lk/971109/mirror2.html

    Hartl, J. (1997, June 22). Disney's `Hercules' Plays Up The Comic Side Of An Epic Tale -- Missing From The Disney Treatment Of The Hercules Story Will Be Some Darker Details Of His Life, Including His Illegitimate Birth. The Seattle Times. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=19970622&slug=2545749

    Hercules (1997 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercules_(1997_film)

    Hill, J. (2001, April 5). Part Four: Who the hell do we get to play Hades? Laughing Place. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://www.laughingplace.com/w/leg/?legacyasppage=w/News-PID115030-115034.asp

    Hill, J. (2012, October 19). Disney favorite Susan Egan to perform this Sunday afternoon at LBCC's Music Scholarship Gala Concert. Jim Hill Media. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://jimhillmedia.com/disney-favorite-susan-egan-to-perform-this-sunday-afternoon-at-lbccs-music-scholarship-gala-concert/

    Howe, D. (1997, June 27). Disney's Myth Conception. The Washington Post. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/review97/herculeshowe.htm

    Johnson, T. (1997, February 5). ‘Hercules’ hangs out at the malls. Variety. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://variety.com/1997/scene/vpage/hercules-hangs-out-at-the-malls-1117435863/

    Kempley, R. (1997, June 27). Disney's 'Hercules': Myth for the Masses. The Washington Post. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/review97/herculeskemp.htm

    Klady, L. (1997, June 16). Hercules. Variety. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://variety.com/1997/film/reviews/hercules-2-1200450181/

    Maslin, J. (1997, June 13). Oh, Heavens! What a Hero! The New York Times. Retrieved October 13, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/13/movies/oh-heavens-what-a-hero.html

    Ness, M. (2016, March 17). I Can Go the Merchandising Route: Disney's Hercules. Tor.com. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/03/17/i-can-go-the-merchandising-route-disneys-hercules/

    Primo, C. (2018, November 16). Balancing Gender and Power: How Disney's Hercules Fails to Go the Distance. MDPI. Retrieved October 22, 2022, from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/7/11/240/htm

    Ranieri, N. (2015, May 9). We Don't Know Jack. Ghost archive. Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/448057295246344/982460605139341

    Ranieri, N. (2015, May 23). In Search of Hades. Ghost archive. Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/448057295246344/988317501220318

    Rickey, C. (1997, June 22). Hercules, The Original Superhero He's A Myth Who's Hard To Miss, Starring On Tv And In A New Film. The Latter, By Disney, Cleans Up His Story Considerably. Philly.com. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071845/http://articles.philly.com/1997-06-22/entertainment/25525365_1_zeus-alcmene-hercs

    Rizzo, F. (1997, June 16). HERCULES GETS A MAKEOVER – Hartford Courant. Hartford Courant. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1997-06-17-9706170026-story.html

    Scherer, R. (1997, June 13). Disney's Herculean Feat: Stopping New York Traffic For Movie Premiere Parade. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved October 13, 2022, from https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0613/061397.us.us.5.html

    Siskel, G. (1997, June 19). NO. 4 `BATMAN' STRIKES OUT – Chicago Tribune. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 13, 2022, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-06-20-9706200276-story.html

    Smith, J. L., & Byrne, C. (1997, October 9). Greeks put Disney's 'Hercules' on trial. The Nation, C1.

    Smith, S. (1997, June 26). The Soul of 'Hercules'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-06-26-ca-6922-story.html

    Turan, K. (1997, June 25). 'Hercules' is not your professor's version of the tale, but it is another triumph from Disney animation and quip masters. : Didja Ever Hear the Myth About. . . ? Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-06-25-ca-6546-story.html

    VHS BTS. (2019, February 8). Zero to Hero: the Making of Hercules. YouTube. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MP2d-gKAyGU

  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame

    The Hunchback of Notre Dame

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel spend a lot of time wringing their hands over the mature themes in The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Disney’s animated film about a bell ringer in medieval France. The film underperformed at the box office; apparently, a children’s movie about adult sexuality is a bell you can’t un-ring. The depictions of disability and race induce further cringing that the dazzling music and visuals can’t completely overcome. Join the party!

    Episode Bibliography

    Astier, H. (2014, February 13). France’s unwanted Roma. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-25419423

    Bahr, S. (2021, June 22). 'The Hunchback of Notre Dame' at 25: 'The Most R-Rated G You Will Ever See'. The New York Times. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/21/movies/the-hunchback-of-notre-dame.html

    Barnes, B. (2022, June 10). After a Political Storm, Gay Days Return to Disney. The New York Times. Retrieved September 15, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/10/style/disney-gay-days.html

    Barrère, J. (2022, May 18). Victor Hugo: French writer. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Victor-Hugo/

    Bates, J. (1996, July 23). Quasi-Successful: Do 'Hunchback' Results Signal a Sea Change? LA Times. Retrieved September 3, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20160423120423/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-07-23/business/fi-27142_1_disney-animation

    Biography.com Editors. (2014, April 2). Victor Hugo Biography. Biography. https://www.biography.com/writer/victor-hugo

    Bracken, H. (2022, September 7). The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Hunchback-of-Notre-Dame

    Bruncati, D. (2020, August 27). Every Disney Renaissance Era Film, Ranked By Budget. Screen Rant. Retrieved September 22, 2022, from https://screenrant.com/disney-renaissance-films-ranked-budget/

    Corliss, R. (1996, June 24). CINEMA: A GRAND CARTOON CATHEDRAL. TIME. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,984745,00.html

    Coyne, S. M., & Whitehead, E. (2008). Indirect aggression in animated Disney films. Journal of Communication, 58, 382 –395. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00390.x

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Dickerson, M. (1996, June 13). Baptist Group Rebukes Disney, Urges Boycott. Los Angeles Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20150217063632/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-06-13/news/mn-14682_1_southern-baptist

    DreamloverMimi. (2017, February 7). The Making of the Hunch Back of Notre Dame (1996). YouTube. Retrieved September 18, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efEUV7cDsB0

    Ebert, R. (1996, June 21). The Hunchback of Notre Dame movie review (1996). RogerEbert.com. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-hunchback-of-notre-dame-1996

    The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. (2022, August 24). Roma. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom

    Fadner, D. (1998). Disney Gets Religion. Conference: National Convention of the American Academy of Religion. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342182716_DISNEY_GETS_RELIGION

    Feng, Y., & Park, J. (2015). Bad seed or good seed? A content analysis of the main antagonists in Walt Disney- and Studio Ghibli-Animated Films. Journal of Children and Media, 9(3), 368-385. doi: 10.1080/17482798.2015.1058279

    galaxies352. (2017, April 9). Disney Hunchback Of Notre Dame Premier Parade 6/19/96 WVUE-TV New Orleans, La. YouTube. Retrieved September 22, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_ukR__9brY

    Gaul, L. (1996, June 14). Disney Made Effort to Follow Hugo's Novel. Beaver County Times. https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2002&dat=19960614&id=NBsvAAAAIBAJ&pg=3659,3055615

    Gerard, J. (1996, June 17). The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Variety. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://variety.com/1996/film/reviews/the-hunchback-of-notre-dame-4-1200446001/

    Graham, J. A., Yuhas, H., & Roman, J. L. (2018). Death and coping mechanisms in animated Disney movies: A content analysis of Disney films (1937–2003) and Disney/Pixar films (2003–2016). Social Sciences, 7, 199-213. doi: 10.3390/socsci7100199

    The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunchback_of_Notre_Dame_(1996_film)

    Lacroix, C. (2004). Images of animated others: The orientalization of Disney's cartoon heroines from The Little Mermaid to The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Popular Communication, 2(4), 213-229.

    Lavender, N. (2021, November 16). The Untold Truth Of Disney's The Hunchback Of Notre Dame. Looper. Retrieved September 3, 2022, from https://www.looper.com/459159/the-untold-truth-of-disneys-the-hunchback-of-notre-dame/

    Maslin, J. (1996, June 21). FILM REVIEW;The Dancing Gargoyles Romp and Wisecrack. The New York Times. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/21/movies/film-review-the-dancing-gargoyles-romp-and-wisecrack.html

    McCullough, D. (1994, October 8). DISMISSAL STUNS MAGIC KINGDOM. Deseret News. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.deseret.com/1994/10/9/19135475/dismissal-stuns-magic-kingdom

    McGill, C. M. (2018). "This burning desire is turning me to sin": The intrapersonal sexual struggles of two Disney singing villains. Queer Studies in Media & Popular Culture, 3(1), 27-49. doi: 10.1386/qsmpc.3.1.27_1

    Ness, M. (2016, March 3). When Gargoyles Interrupt Your High Concept Film: Disney's The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Tor.com. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/03/03/when-gargoyles-interrupt-your-high-concept-film-disneys-the-hunchback-of-notre-dame/

    Norman, F. (2008, November 11). Toon Tuesday: Looking Back on Disney's "The Hunchback of Notre Dame” - Part Un. Jim Hill Media. Retrieved September 15, 2022, from https://jimhillmedia.com/toon-tuesday-looking-back-on-disneys-the-hunchback-of-notre-dame-part-un/

    Norman, F. (2011, November 18). Toon Tuesday: Looking Back on Disney's "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" - Part Deux. Jim Hill Media. Retrieved September 15, 2022, from https://jimhillmedia.com/toon-tuesday-looking-back-on-disneys-the-hunchback-of-notre-dame-part-deux/

    Pavlovic, D. (2019, May 23). Romani or Gypsies? TEDxBocconiU. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTlQMOdeW_8

    Pinskey, M. I. (1996, July 27). Hunchback Finds Favor with Activists. Herald Journal, B10.

    Pinskey, M. I. (2004). The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996): The House of the Lord. In The Gospel According to Disney (pp. 167-174). Westminster John Knox Press. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Gospel_According_to_Disney/YGtbYTyulb4C?hl=en&gbpv=0

    The Pope meets the press: Media coverage of the clergy abuse scandal. (2010, June 11). Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2010/06/11/the-pope-meets-the-press-media-coverage-of-the-clergy-abuse-scandal/

    Rauzi, R. (1996, June 24). Children Seem Unfazed by 'Hunchback' Themes. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-06-24-ca-18114-story.html

    Spiegel, J. (2021, June 21). 'The Hunchback Of Notre Dame' At 25: An Oral History Of Disney's Darkest Animated Classic. Slash Film. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://www.slashfilm.com/581592/hunchback-of-notre-dame-oral-history/

    Strauss, B. (1996, June 23). Courting Controversy? Disney's Newest Animated Feature, 'Hunchback Of Notre Dame,' Takes On Sensitive Adult Issues. The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved September 15, 2022, from https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1996/jun/23/courting-controversy-disneys-newest-animated/

    Swardson, A. (1997, January 2). Quelle Horreur! French Give Thumbs-Up To Disney's `Hunchback'. The Seattle Times. Retrieved September 5, 2022, from https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=19970102&slug=2516743

    Thompson, A., & Karger, D. (1996, June 21). Disney's ''Hunchback'' has murder, lust, and corruption. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved September 3, 2022, from https://ew.com/article/1996/06/21/disneys-hunchback-has-murder-lust-and-corruption/

    Thompson, A., & Karger, D. (1996, June 21). Playing a Hunch. Entertainment Weekly. https://web.archive.org/web/20141205135730/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,293046,00.html

    Towbin, M. A., Haddock, S. A., Zimmerman, Z. S., Lund, L. K., & Tanner, L. R. (2003). Images of Gender, Race, Age, and Sexual Orientation in Disney Feature-Length Animated Films. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 15(4), 19-44. doi: 10.1300/J086v15n04_02

    Trousdale, G., & Wise, K. (Directors). (1996). The Hunchback of Notre Dame [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Ward, A.R. (2002). Mouse morality: The rhetoric of Disney animated film. University of Texas Press.

    Whitney, C. R. (1997, January 5). A Disney Cartoon Becomes a Morality Play for Paris. The New York Times. Retrieved September 3, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/05/world/a-disney-cartoon-becomes-a-morality-play-for-paris.html

  • Toy Story

    Toy Story

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel travel to masculinity and beyond in their discussion of Toy Story (1995), the first feature-length entirely computer-animated film. After a thorough discussion of the history of Pixar and the technology of computer animation, the hosts delve into the world of boy toys and wrestle over the problematic representation of female and disabled characters.

    Content warning: Discussions of workplace harassment

    Episode Bibliography

    Acuna, K. (2014, September 23). Joss Whedon Rewrote 'Toy Story' Script. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/joss-whedon-cowrote-toy-story-2014-9

    Al-Jbouri, E., & Pomerantz, S. (2020). A New Kind of Monster, Cowboy, and Crusader? Gender Hegemony and Flows of Masculinities in Pixar Animated Films. Boyhood Studies, 13,(1), 43-63. doi: 10.3167/bhs.2020.130104

    Ansen, D. (1995, November 26). Disney's Digital Delight. Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/disneys-digital-delight-181300

    Bradley, L. (2017, November 29). “He was inappropriate with the fairies”: Details on John Lasseter's alleged misconduct. Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/11/john-lasseter-sexual-misconduct-pixar-fairies

    Ebert, R. (1995, November 22). Toy Story movie review & film summary (1995). Roger Ebert. https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/toy-story-1995

    Ebrahim, H. (2014). Are the "boys" at Pixar afraid of little girls?. Journal of Film and Video, 66,(3), 43-56.

    Gillam, K., & Wooden, S. (2008). Post-princess models of gender: The new man in Disney/Pixar. Journal of Popular Film and Television,36(1), 2-8. https://doi.org/10.3200/JPFT.36.1.2-8.

    Harmon, A. (1995, November 30). Like 'Toy Story,' Pixar Stock Is a Hit Its First Day on the Street. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-11-30-fi-8751-story.html

    Hernandez, P. (2018, June 28). Former Pixar employee details how the company’s rampant sexism went far beyond John Lasseter. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/28/17514430/sexual-harassment-pixar-john-lasseter-cassandra-smolcic-metoo

    Hsu, J. (2012, April 3). Why “Uncanny Valley” human look-alikes put us on edge. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-uncanny-valley-human-look-alikes-put-us-on-edge/

    Lasseter, J. (Director). (1995). Toy story [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Luisi, T. (2019). Toys will be toys: gendered interaction frames in the Toy Story trilogy. Journal of Children and Media, 13(1), 20-35. DOI: 10.1080/17482798.2018.1513852

    Many Jony. (2017, October 24). How are Characters Animated at Pixar? - Toy Story Behind the Scenes. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TqPl3MSSow

    Masters, K. (2017, November 21). John Lasseter's Pattern of Alleged Misconduct Detailed by Disney/Pixar Insiders. The Hollywood Reporter. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/john-lasseters-pattern-alleged-misconduct-detailed-by-disney-pixar-insiders-1059594/

    Ness, M. (2017, January 26). The Pixar Rewatch: Breaking New Ground with Toy Story. Tor.com. https://www.tor.com/2017/01/26/the-pixar-rewatch-breaking-new-ground-with-toy-story/

    Persons, D. (2021, November 12). How Five Seconds in Toy Story Changed Animation Forever. Tor.com. https://www.tor.com/2021/11/12/how-five-seconds-in-toy-story-changed-animation-forever/

    Pixar. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 18, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixar

    Scanlon, D., & Rae, K. (n.d.). Our Story. Pixar Animation Studios. https://www.pixar.com/our-story-pixar

    Schippers, M. (2007). Recovering the feminine other: Masculinity, femininity, and gender hegemony. Theoretical Sociology, 36(1), 85-102.

    Schlender, B. (2006, May 17). Pixar's magic man. CNN Money. https://money.cnn.com/2006/05/15/magazines/fortune/pixar_futureof_fortune_052906/index.htm

    Schlender, B., & Furth, J. (1995, September 18). Steve Jobs’ Amazing Movie Adventure. CNN Business. https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1995/09/18/206099/index.htm

    Shapiro, L. (2022, January 17). The undoing of Joss Whedon. Vulture. https://www.vulture.com/article/joss-whedon-allegations.html

    Sherlock, B. (2020, January 7). Toy Story: 10 Actors Who Almost Voiced Iconic Roles. Screen Rant. https://screenrant.com/toy-story-famous-actors-almost-voiced-iconic-roles-disney-pixar/amp/

    Snider, B. (1995, December 1). The Toy Story Story. Wired Magazine, (3.12). https://www.wired.com/1995/12/toy-story/

    Three Pixar execs get special Oscars. (1996, February 1). SFGATE. https://www.sfgate.com/style/article/Three-Pixar-execs-get-special-Oscars-3152578.php

    Toy Story. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 4, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy_Story

    Toy Story Archive. (2021, June 27). Filmmakers Reflect - Toy Story. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adAYbs3oCZI

    VHSfx. (2013, February 12). The Making of Toy Story - (1995). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1VdERcRJ3jI

    Wooden, S., & Gillam, K. (2014). Pixar’s boy stories: Masculinity in a postmodern age. Rowman & Littlefield.

  • Pocahontas

    Pocahontas

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    In pursuit of another Oscar-worthy animated feature, Disney chose a culturally significant protagonist and pumped up the romance for Pocahontas (1995). Unsurprisingly, good intentions didn’t prevent a group of white men from creating a hugely problematic film, rife with gross historical inaccuracies, racism, and misogyny! Pocahontas underperformed at the box office, and the only Oscar went to Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz for best original song.

    Episode Bibliography

    Aleiss, A. (1995, June 24). Maidens of Hollywood: Pocahontas is the pure expression of filmmakers’ fantasies about Indian women. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-06-24-me-16519-story.html

    Allen, B. (2013). Female leadership in Powhatan Indian tribes: Changes from first contact with the Europeans to the present day [Poster presentation]. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=uresposters

    Bodenner, C. (2015, June 30). Does Disney’s Pocahontas do more harm than good? Your thoughts. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/06/pocahontas-feminism/397190/

    Bradley, D. (1995, June 23). Disney gives Pocahontas sexiest cartoon image ever. The Free Lance-Star, 26.

    Červinka, P. (2015, April 21). The making of Pocahontas — A legend comes to life. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJApIC4BIhM

    Chief Roy Crazy Horse. (n.d.). The Pocahontas Myth. Powhatan.org. Retrieved June 15, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20131024050146/http://powhatan.org/pocc.html

    Chief Seattle Speech – The Suquamish Tribe. (n.d.). The Suquamish Tribe. https://suquamish.nsn.us/home/about-us/chief-seattle-speech/

    Cochran, J. (1995, June 16). Pocahontas needed an ethnic look. Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/article/1995/06/16/pocahontas-needed-ethnic-look/

    Custalow, L. L., & Daniel, A.L. (2016). The true story of Pocahontas: The other side of history. Fulcrum Publishing.

    Disney Magazine: Cast and Crew Interviews. (1995, July 31). The Waterfalls: A Pocahontas site. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://cbl.orcein.net/pocahontas/misc/interviews.htm

    Dundes, L. (2001). Disney’s modern heroine Pocahontas: Revealing age-old gender stereotypes and role discontinuity under a facade of liberation. The Social Science Journal, 38, 353-365.

    Dutka, E. (1995, June 11). The Angriest Actor: Native American activist Russell Means focused his fierce will at Wounded Knee. Can a revolutionary co-exist with 'Pocahontas'? Los Angeles Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20150524095505/http://articles.latimes.com/1995-06-11/entertainment/ca-11761_1_native-american

    Ebert, R. (1995, June 16). Pocahontas movie review & film summary (1995). RogerEbert.com. Retrieved June 15, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/pocahontas-1995

    Ebert, R., & Siskel, G. (2019, January 6). Congo, The Glass Shield, Pocahontas, Fluke, 1995 – Siskel and Ebert Movie Reviews. Siskel and Ebert Movie Reviews. Retrieved June 15, 2022, from https://siskelebert.org/?p=3485

    Edgerton, G., & Jackson, K. M. (1996). Redesigning Pocahontas: Disney, the “White Man's Indian,” and the Marketing of Dreams. Journal of Popular Film & Television, 24(2). doi: 10.1080/01956051.1996.9943718

    Gilbert, S. (2015, June 23). Revisiting 'Pocahontas' at 20. The Atlantic. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/06/revisiting-pocahontas/396626/

    Gleiberman, O. (1995, June 16). Pocahontas. Entertainment Weekly. https://ew.com/article/1995/06/16/pocahontas-4/

    Goldberg, E., & Gabriel, M. (1995). Pocahontas [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Green, R. (1975). The Pocahontas perplex: The image of Indian women in American culture. The Massachusetts Review, 16(4), 698-714. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25088595

    Kempley, R. (1995, June 23). 'Pocahontas': A hit or myth proposition. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/pocahontas.htm#kempley

    Kutsuzawa, K. (2000). Disney's Pocahontas: Reproduction of gender, Orientalism, and the strategic construction of racial harmony in the Disney empire. Asian Journal of Women's Studies, 6(4), 39-65. doi: 10.1080/12259276.2000.11665893

    Mallory, M. (2012, February 23). Pocahontas and The Mouse's Gong Show. Animation Magazine. https://www.animationmagazine.net/top-stories/pocahontas-and-the-mouses-gong-show/

    Ness, M. (2016, February 18). The uneasy mix of prestige and a cute raccoon: Disney's Pocahontas. Tor.com. https://www.tor.com/2016/02/18/the-uneasy-mix-of-prestige-and-a-cute-raccoon-disneys-pocahontas/

    Ono, K. A., & Buescher, D. T. (2001). Deciphering Pocahontas: Unpackaging the commodification of a Native American woman. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 18(1), 23-43. doi: 10.1080/15295030109367122

    Pewewardy, C. (1996). The Pocahontas paradox: A cautionary tale for educators. Journal of Navajo Education, (Fall/Winter). http://www.hanksville.org/storytellers/pewe/writing/Pocahontas.html

    Pocahontas (1995 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved June 5, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_(1995_film)

    Rickey, C. (1995, June 11). Disney takes over N.y. park for premiere of 'Pocahontas' to Many, the four-screen event was woodstock for the family. philly.com. Retrieved June 15, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20140728162302/http://articles.philly.com/1995-06-11/news/25692966_1_disney-standards-pocahontas-central-park-conservancy

    Rickey, C. (1995, June 18). Disney's 'Pocahontas': Is it fact or fiction? What did she wear? Did she style her hair? Were she and John Smith a pair? philly.com. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20150626153346/http://articles.philly.com/1995-06-18/entertainment/25692271_1_pocahontas-irene-bedard-powhatan-confederacy

    Rountree, H.C. (1998). Powhatan Indian women: The people Captain John Smith barely saw. Ethnohistory, 45(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.2307/483170

    Rountree, H. (2020, December 7). Marriage in Early Virginia Indian Society – Encyclopedia Virginia. Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/marriage-in-early-virginia-indian-society/

    Sito, T. (1996). Fight to the death, but don’t hurt anybody! Memories of political correctness. Animation World Network. https://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.7/articles/sito1.7.html

    Smith, J. (1624/1907). Generall historie of Virginia, New England & the Summer Isles: Together with the true travels, adventures and observations, and a sea grammar. Macmillan.

    Stack, P. (1995, June 18). Disney's new animated feature / Meryl who? Pocahontas has summer's steamiest romance. SFGATE. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Disney-s-new-animated-feature-Meryl-Who-3030920.php

    Steed, K. (2014, October 7). Interview with Glen Keane, Disney veteran and legendary animation artist (Part 1). Skwigly. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://www.skwigly.co.uk/glen-keane-interview/

    Sterbenz, C. (2014, April 5). The real story of Pocahontas is much darker than the Disney movie. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/the-real-story-of-pocahontas-2014-4

    Strong, P. T. (1995, June 30). Review of Pocahontas [Blog post]. Popular Culture and American Culture Associations/H-Net Discussion List.

    Ziebarth, C. (2005, December 19). A conversation with Eric Goldberg. Animated Views. https://animatedviews.com/2005/a-conversation-with-eric-goldberg-2/

    Thanks to Katie Seelen for her research assistance.

  • The Lion King

    The Lion King

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Another critical and commercial success of the Disney Renaissance, The Lion King (1994) was a beast at the box office and on home video. It was also the first animated Disney animated film set in Africa. Despite (relatively) diverse casting and the incorporation of authentic African music, there's still plenty of racism to discuss, with some homophobia and questionable political commentary thrown in!

    Episode Bibliography

    BBC NEWS | Entertainment | Disney settles Lion song dispute. (2006, February 16). BBC News. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4721564.stm

    Bradley, B. (2015, January 27). Was 'The Lion King' Copied From A Japanese Cartoon? Here's The Real Story. HuffPost. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/lion-king-kimba_n_6272316

    Carter Jackson, K. (2019, July 17). The true story behind ‘The Lion King.’ The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/07/17/true-story-behind-lion-king/

    Červinka, P. (2015, April 24). The Making of The Lion King. YouTube. Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFL5xbxc0AY

    Daly, S. (1994, July 8). Mane Attraction. Entertainment Weekly, (230). https://web.archive.org/web/20140904092026/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,302837,00.html

    Deneroff, H., & Ladd, F. (2009). Footnote to History: Kimba versus Simba - The Uproar. In Astro Boy and Anime Come to the Americas: An Insider's View of the Birth of a Pop Culture Phenomenon (pp. 62-64). McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers.

    Denham, H. (2019, July 26). Lion King: There's a 25-year-old intellectual property dispute surrounding the Disney film. The Washington Post. Retrieved May 16, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/07/26/lion-king-has-been-clouded-by-intellectual-property-controversy-years-heres-story-behind-it/

    Ebert, R. (1994, June 24). The Lion King movie review & film summary (1994). Roger Ebert. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-lion-king-1994

    Elahi, B. (2001). Pride Lands: The Lion King, Proposition 187, and White Resentment. Arizona Quarterly: A Journal of American Literature, Culture, and Theory, 57(3), 121-152. doi: 0.1353/arq.2001.0001

    Fallon, K. (2014, June 24). 'The Lion King' Turns 20: Every Crazy, Weird Fact About the Disney Classic. The Daily Beast. Retrieved May 28, 2022, from https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-lion-king-turns-20-every-crazy-weird-fact-about-the-disney-classic

    Gavin, R. (1996). "The Lion King" and "Hamlet": A homecoming for the exiled child. The Universe of Literature, 85(3), 55-57.

    Giddings, S. (1999). The circle of life: Nature and representation in Disney's The Lion King. Third Text, 49, 83-92. doi: 10.1080/09528829908576825

    Giles Coren, G. (1994, July 20). Disney's Heart of Darkness. The Times, 12.

    Gooding-Williams, R. (1995). Disney in Africa and the inner city: On race and space in The Lion King. Social Identities, 1(2).

    Hahn, D. (Director). (2011). The Lion King A Memoir Don Hahn [Film]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KoaPT4ijS-U

    Hinson, H. (1994, June 24). WashingtonPost.com: 'The Lion King'. The Washington Post. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/review96/lionkinghin.htm

    Japanese animator protests 'Lion King'. (1994, August 18). UPI.com. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/08/18/Japanese-animator-protests-Lion-King/4250777182400/

    Klass, P. (1994, June 19). A ‘Bambi’ for the 90's, via Shakespeare. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/19/movies/film-view-a-bambi-for-the-90-s-via-shakespeare.html

    Kelts, R. (2007). Japanamerica: How Japanese Pop Culture Has Invaded the U.S. St. Martin's Publishing Group.

    King, S. (2011, September 15). A 'Lion's' Tale. Los Angeles Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20111024102445/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/sep/15/entertainment/la-et-lion-king-20110915

    Knolle, S. (2014, June 14). 'The Lion King': 20 Things You Didn't Know About the Disney Classic. Moviefone. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20140617142313/http://news.moviefone.com/2014/06/14/lion-king-facts/

    Kring, J. (2019, July 19). How the Original 'Lion King' Came to Life. The Ringer. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://www.theringer.com/movies/2019/7/19/20699678/the-lion-king-original-animation-1994

    The Lion King. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lion_King

    The Lion King. (2000, December 8). Rolling Stone. https://web.archive.org/web/20080429201931/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947315/review/5947316/the_lion_king

    The Lion King (1994). (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0110357/

    The Lion King (1994). (n.d.). Box Office Mojo. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0110357/?ref_=bo_se_r_1

    Maslin, J. (1994, June 15). Review/Film; The Hero Within The Child Within. The New York Times. Retrieved May 25, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/15/movies/review-film-the-hero-within-the-child-within.html

    Masters, K. (2014, April 9). The Epic Disney Blow-Up of 1994: Eisner, Katzenberg and Ovitz 20 Years Later. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 17, 2022, from https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/epic-disney-blow-up-1994-694476/

    Mikkelson, D. (1996, December 31). Is the Word 'Sex' Hidden in 'The Lion King'? Snopes.com. Retrieved May 16, 2022, from https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/the-lion-king/

    Minkoff, R., & Allers, R. (Directors). (1994). The Lion King [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Morton, J. (1996). Simba's revolution: Revisiting history and class in The Lion King. Social Identities, 2(2).

    Movieclips. (2016, August 16). In the Heat of the Night (4/10) Movie CLIP - They Call Me Mr. Tibbs (1967) HD. YouTube. Retrieved May 25, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6n8VyqaCQ4

    Orenstein, N. (2014, September 15). Berkeley's colony of spotted hyenas closes after 30 years. Berkeleyside. Retrieved May 16, 2022, from https://www.berkeleyside.org/2014/09/15/berkeleys-captive-colony-of-spotted-hyenas-closes-after-30-years?doing_wp_cron=1652051660.0969309806823730468750

    Rachele. (n.d.). "The Lion King," - an adult film? ENG 1131 Shakespeare Through Media. Retrieved May 25, 2022, from http://plaza.ufl.edu/r.harvey/finalpaper.html

    Ricker, A. (1996). The Lion King animated storybook: A case study of aesthetic and economic power. Critical Arts, 10(1).

    Rob Minkoff. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved May 17, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Minkoff

    Roth, M. (1996, March). The Lion King A short history of Disney-fascism. Jump Cut, (40), 15-20. http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/onlinessays/JC40folder/LionKing.html

    Roth, M. (2005). Man is in the Forest: Humans and Nature in Bambi and The Lion King. Invisible Culture: An Electronic Journal for Visual Culture, (9). Retrieved May 22, 2022, from https://www.rochester.edu/in_visible_culture/Issue_9/roth.html

    Siskel, G., & Ebert, R. (2019, February 22). Speed, The Lion King, The Endless Summer II, City Slickers II: The Legend of Curly's Gold, 1994 – Siskel and Ebert Movie Reviews. Siskel and Ebert Movie Reviews. Retrieved May 16, 2022, from https://siskelebert.org/?p=5412

    Stenberg, D. (1996). The circle of life and the chain of being: Shakespearean motifs in “The Lion King.” Shakespeare Bulletin, 14(2), 36-37.

    Strzelczyk, F. (2008). Fascism and family entertainment. Quarterly Review of Film and Video, 25(3), 196-211. doi: 10.1080/10509200601091433

    Takeuchi, H. (n.d.). Kimba the White Lion. Wikipedia. Retrieved May 16, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimba_the_White_Lion

    TLKCoL. (2017, March 24). Pride of The Lion King | Behind the Scenes Documentary (Making of). YouTube. Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bLD2gZhmoU

    Visram, T. (2019, July 19). Disney replaced the first Lion King's racist hyenas. Fast Company. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from https://www.fastcompany.com/90379067/critics-said-the-first-lion-kings-hyenas-were-problematic-disney-revamped-them

    Ward, A. R. (1996). The Lion King's mythic narrative. Journal of Popular Film & Television, 23(4).

    Willman, C. (1994, May 15). SUMMER SNEAKS '94 : You Can't Hide His Lion Eyes : It's no coincidence that Disney's latest jungle villain bears a wicked resemblance to Jeremy Irons; just ask the animator. Los Angeles Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20141109000340/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-05-15/entertainment/ca-57883_1_jeremy-irons

    Wong, V. (1999). Deconstructing Walt Disney's “The Lion King.” Kinema: A Journal for Film and Audiovisual Media, 1-7. doi: 10.15353/kinema.vi.895

    Thanks to Katie Seelen for her research assistance.

  • Aladdin

    Aladdin

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Erin and Rachel travel to the (problematically) imaginary land of Agrabah to discuss Aladdin (1992), debating whether this film can overcome its staggering orientalism to be the diamond in the rough we’d all like it to be. Highlights include Robin Williams, Howard Ashman, and Ottoman Empire fashion.

    Episode Bibliography

    Addison, E. (1993). Saving other women from other men: Disney’s Aladdin. Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies, 11(31), 4–25.

    Aladdin. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aladdin

    Aladdin (1992 Disney film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_Disney_film)

    Ant, C. (2015, October 23). The Definitive Guide to Aladdin's Genie Impressions. Laser Time. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from http://www.lasertimepodcast.com/2015/10/23/the-definitive-guide-to-aladdins-genie-impressions/

    Artz, L. (2004). The righteousness of self-centered royals: The world according to Disney animation. Critical Arts, 18(1), 116-146. doi: 10.1080/02560240485310071

    BBC. (2019, October 25). Iran cuts off man’s fingers for theft. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50179741

    Bell, E. (1995). From mouse to mermaid: The politics of film, gender, and culture. Indiana University Press.

    Bourenane, A. (2020). Authenticity and discourses in Aladdin (1992). Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, 13(2), 235–250. doi: https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00021_1

    Bowen, S. (2017, November 13). Yes, Aladdin is still racist. Refinery29. https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2017/11/180902/aladdin-racist-disney-movie

    Brockington, A. (2019, May 24). Aladdin’s Agrabah is based on many places, & that’s kind of the issue. Refinery29. https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/05/233405/where-does-aladdin-take-place-agrabah-real-location

    Buchanan, R. T. (2015, October 17). Peddler at beginning of Aladdin is the Genie, directors finally confirm. The Independent. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/peddler-at-beginning-of-aladdin-is-the-genie-directors-finally-confirm-a6697826.html

    Clements, R., & Musker, J. (Directors). (1992). Aladdin. Walt Disney Pictures.

    Daly, S. (1992, December 4). Disney's Got a Brand-New Baghdad. EW.com. Retrieved April 10, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20121019090423/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562,00.html

    Davis, A. M. (2007). Good girls and wicked witches: Women in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company, Limited.

    Dudley, S. (2018, March 9). A Diamond in the Rough: The Making of Aladdin (Full Documentary). YouTube. Retrieved April 10, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afqrFqn7PJg

    Ebert, R. (1992, November 25). Aladdin movie review & film summary (1992). Roger Ebert. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/aladdin-1992

    Feminism and Media — is aladdin as racist as the gerudos? (2019, April 11). Feminism and Media by feminismandmedia. Retrieved April 15, 2022, from https://feminismandmedia.tumblr.com/post/184122748699/is-aladdin-as-racist-as-the-gerudos

    Fisher, M. (2012, April 25). The real roots of sexism in the Middle East (it’s not Islam, race, or ‘hate’). The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/04/the-real-roots-of-sexism-in-the-middle-east-its-not-islam-race-or-hate/256362/

    Fox, D. J. (1993, April 21). 'Aladdin' Becomes a $200-Million Genie for Disney : Movies: Studio's all-time top-grosser is the first animated feature to reach the box office milestone. And in its 23rd week of release, there still is no end in sight. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-04-21-ca-25327-story.html

    Gamm, N. (2014, June 28). Crime and punishment: The Ottoman legal system. Hürriyet Daily News. https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/crime-and-punishment-the-ottoman-legal-system-68371

    Gillespie, S. A. (2012, February 21). John Musker Question Countdown - Number 9 — Howard Ashman. Howard Ashman. Retrieved April 12, 2022, from https://www.howardashman.com/blog/john-musker-question-countdown-number-9/

    Glamour. (2019, December 10). Historian fact checks Aladdin’s wardrobe [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CUg424lmG4

    Infidel Definition & Meaning. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/infidel

    Iran cuts off man's fingers for theft. (2019, October 25). BBC. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50179741

    Johnson, Z. (2015, October 15). Disney Myths Debunked by Ron Clements and John Musker, Directors of The Little Mermaid, Aladdin and Hercules. E! Online. Retrieved April 12, 2022, from https://www.eonline.com/news/706200/disney-myths-debunked-by-ron-clements-and-john-musker-directors-of-the-little-mermaid-aladdin-and-hercules

    Kerboua, S. (2016). From Orientalism to neo-Orientalism: Early and contemporary constructions of Islam and the Muslim world. Intellectual Discourse, 24(1), 7-34.

    Marielle, A. (2018, September 28). It's a Small and Historically Inaccurate World – The Daily Utah Chronicle. The Daily Utah Chronicle. Retrieved April 14, 2022, from https://dailyutahchronicle.com/2018/09/28/disney-films-are-an-introduction-to-culture-not-a-history-lesson/

    Meslow, S. (2011, October 28). How Celebrities Took Over Cartoon Voice Acting. The Atlantic. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/how-celebrities-took-over-cartoon-voice-acting/247481/

    Mikkelson, D. (2000, April 24). Did Aladdin Ask Teenagers to Take Off Their Clothes? Snopes. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/take-off-your-clothes/

    Ness, M. (2016, January 21). Fairy Tale and the Other Realm as Social Commentary: “Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp”. Tor.com. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/01/21/fairy-tale-and-the-other-realm-as-social-commentary-aladdin-and-the-wonderful-lamp/

    Ness, M. (2016, January 28). I Could Show You the World, But I Won't: Disney's Aladdin. Tor.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/01/28/i-could-show-you-the-world-but-i-wont-disneys-aladdin/

    One Thousand and One Nights. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Thousand_and_One_Nights

    Peirce, L. P. (1994). The imperial harem: Women and sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press.

    Petsko, E. (2019, February 22). The Reason Why the Genie From Aladdin Is Blue. Mental Floss. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/574852/why-aladdin-genie-is-blue

    Rahayu, M., Abdullah, I., & Udasmoro, W. (2015). ‘Aladdin’ from Arabian Nights to Disney: The change of discourse and ideology. Lingua, 17(1), 24–34.

    Roberge, C. (1993, January 6). Aladdin animator used subtlety to design strong villain - The Tech. The Tech (MIT). Retrieved April 12, 2022, from http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N64/aladdin.64a.html

    Said, E. W. (1979). Orientalism. Vintage.

    Shaheen, J. (1993). Aladdin Animated Racism. Cinéaste, 20(1), 49. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41687300

    Travers, P. (2000, December 8). Aladdin. Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 11, 2022, from https://web.archive.org/web/20080618163432/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin

    Weisman, A. (2014, November 19). Robin Williams Disney Feud Led to Picasso Gift. Business Insider. Retrieved April 10, 2022, from https://www.businessinsider.com/robin-williams-disney-feud-picasso-gift-2014-11

    Wiggin, K. D., & Smith, N. A. (2018). The Arabian nights: Their best-known tales. Lerner Publishing Group.

    Wingfield, M., & Karaman, B. (1995, March). Arab Stereotypes and American Educators. ADC.org. Retrieved April 12, 2022, from https://www.adc.org/arab-stereotypes-and-american-educators/

    Yelenosky, J. (2016, April 15). Aladdin Informed Persuasion. faithrhetoric1030006. Retrieved April 12, 2022, from https://faithrhetoric1030006.wordpress.com/2016/04/15/aladdin-informed-persuasion/

    Ziebarth, C. (2005, April 23). Aladdin: Crew Reunion – Animated Views. Animated Views. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://animatedviews.com/2005/aladdin-crew-reunion/

  • Beauty and the Beast

    Beauty and the Beast

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    A smashing success at the box office and awards shows, Beauty and the Beast (1991) confirmed that the Disney Renaissance had indeed arrived. Despite its technical and narrative achievements, this film garnered heavy criticism from the feminists it sought to appease with a spunky heroine. Erin and Rachel discuss how Belle and her suitors reinforce that gendered violence is a tale as old as time. Oh, and also, is everyone gay?

    Episode Bibliography

    An American Tail: Fievel Goes West. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_American_Tail:_Fievel_Goes_West

    Banks, M. (2021). De Beaumont’s Beauty and the Beast: A feminist analysis. Journal of Literary Criticism, Comparative Linguistics and Literary Studies, 42(1),

    Beauty and the Beast (1946 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved March 25, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1946_film)

    Beauty and the Beast (1991 film). (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 23, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1991_film)

    Beauty and the Beast Movie Channel. (2018, October 19). The Making of Beauty and the Beast. YouTube. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9SAisRqUW0

    Beres, L. (1999). Beauty and the Beast: The romanticization of abuse in popular culture. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 2(2), 191-207.

    Brode, D. (2006). Multiculturalism and the mouse: Race and sex in Disney entertainment. University of Texas Press.

    Coates, L., Bonnah, S., & Richardson, C. (2019). Beauty and the Beast: Misrepresentation and social responses in fairy-tale romance and redemption. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 10(1), 119-136. DOI: 10.18357/ijcyfs101201918809

    Cocteau, J. (Director). (1946). La belle et la bête [Film]. DisCina.

    Cummins, J. (1995). Romancing the plot: The real beast of Disney's Beauty and the Beast. Children's Literature Association Quarterly, 20(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.1353/chq.0.0872

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney’s feature animation. John Libbey & Company, Limited.

    Downey, S. D. (1996). Feminine empowerment in Disney’s Beauty and the Beast. Women’s Studies in Communication, 19(2), 185–212.

    Ebert, R. (1991, November 22). Beauty And The Beast movie review (1991). Roger Ebert. Retrieved January 28, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beauty-and-the-beast-1991

    Failes, I. (2021, November 15). 30 Years Ago: The CG Secrets of the Ballroom Sequence in 'Beauty and the Beast'. Cartoon Brew. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from https://www.cartoonbrew.com/feature-film/30-years-ago-cg-secrets-ballroom-sequence-beauty-beast-145174.html

    Griswold, J. (2004). The meanings of “Beauty & the Beast”: A handbook. Broadview Press.

    Hahn, D., Schneider, P., Pacheco, P., & Bacon, C. (Directors). (2010). Waking Sleeping Beauty [Film; Disney+]. Buena Vista Home Entertainment.

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    Heatwole, A. (2016). Disney girlhood: Princess generations and Once Upon a Time. Studies in the Humanities, 43(1).

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    Jeffords, S. (1995). The curse of masculinity: Disney’s Beauty and the Beast. In Bell, E., Haas, L., & Sells, L. (Eds.), Mouse to Mermaid: The Politics of Film, Gender, and Culture (pp. 161-173). Indiana University Press.

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    Ness, M. (2016, January 14). A Return to the Glory Days: Disney's Beauty and the Beast. Tor.com. Retrieved January 23, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2016/01/14/a-return-to-the-glory-days-disneys-beauty-and-the-beast/

    Olson, K. M. (2013). An epideictic dimension of symbolic violence in Disney's Beauty and the Beast: Inter-generational lessons in romanticizing and tolerating intimate partner violence. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 99(4), 448-480, DOI: 10.1080/00335630.2013.835491

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  • The Rescuers Down Under

    The Rescuers Down Under

    · Deconstructing Disney

    Episode Summary

    Travel to Australia with Erin and Rachel, where they’ll dissect The Rescuers Down Under (1990), a film full of native flora and fauna, but absolutely no native people. This box office flop was created using the Computer Animation Production System (CAPS), but it’s impressive animated sequences couldn’t redeem the irregular pacing and lackluster characters.

    Episode Bibliography

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    Barry, C. (2011, August 16). Australia’s wildlife blackmarket trade. Australian Geographic. https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/wildlife/2011/08/australias-wildlife-blackmarket-trade/

    Davis, A. M. (2014). Handsome heroes and vile villains: Men in Disney's feature animation. John Libbey & Company.

    Ebert, R. (1990, November 16). The Rescuers Down Under movie review (1990). Roger Ebert. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-rescuers-down-under-1990

    Gabriel, M. (Director). (1990). The rescuers down under [Film]. Walt Disney Animation Studios.

    A Guide to Using Respectful and Inclusive Language and Terminology. (n.d.). Narragunnawali. Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.narragunnawali.org.au/about/terminology-guide

    Harrison, M. (2019, November 20). The Rescuers Down Under: The Disney Renaissance's Lost Film. Den of Geek. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/the-rescuers-down-under-disney-renaissance-lost-film/

    Hinman, C. (1990, November 19). DISNEY DIPS INTO LOCAL INKWELL FLORIDA ANIMATION TEAM LENDS HAND TO 'RESCUERS' 'RESCUERS'. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1990-11-19-9011180479-story.html

    Hubka, D., Hovdestad, W., & Tonmyr, L. (2009). Child maltreatment in Disney animated feature films: 1937-2006. The Social Science Journal, 46(3), 427-441. DOI: 10.1016/j.soscij.2009.03.001

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    MovieMation. (2017, November 30). What was Pixar's CAPS project? YouTube. Retrieved January 3, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuhH5Is_Hq8

    Murphy, P. D. (1995). "The whole wide world was scrubbed clean": The androcentric animation of denatured Disney. In E. Bell, L. Haas, & L. Sells (Eds.). From mouse to mermaid: The politics of film, gender, and culture (pp. 125-136). Indiana University Press.

    Ness, M. (2015, December 17). The Arrival of Computer Animation: The Rescuers Down Under. Tor.com. Retrieved January 3, 2022, from https://www.tor.com/2015/12/17/the-arrival-of-computer-animation-the-rescuers-down-under/

    The Rescuers Down Under. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 3, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rescuers_Down_Under

    The Rescuers Down Under | Disney Wiki | Fandom. (n.d.). Disney Wiki. Retrieved January 7, 2022, from https://disney.fandom.com/wiki/The_Rescuers_Down_Under

    Siskel, G. (1990, November 16). 'Rocky V' A Satisfying End to a Movie Nice Guy. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1990-11-16-9004050102-story.html

    Tanner, L. R., Haddock, S. A., Zimmerman, T. S., & Lund, L. K. (2003) Images of couples and families in Disney feature-length animated films. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 31(5), 355-373. DOI: 10.1080/01926180390223987

    Taylor, D. (2020, December 16). 'The Rescuers Down Under': The Untold Story of How the Sequel Changed Disney Forever. Collider. Retrieved January 3, 2022, from https://collider.com/disney-rescuers-down-under-history-explained/

    TeridaxXD001. (2021, October 5). CAPS (Computer Animation Production System) | Anime Superhero Forum. Anime Superhero News. Retrieved January 3, 2022, from https://animesuperhero.com/forums/threads/caps-computer-animation-production-system.5792136/

    Towbin, M. A., Haddock, S. A., Zimmerman, T. S., Lund, L. K., & Tanner, L. R. (2004). Images of gender, race, age, and sexual orientation in Disney feature-length animated films. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 15(4), 19-44. DOI: 10.1300/J086v15n04_02

    Winston, T. P. (2010). A critique of the environmental savior trope in wildlife film (Unpublished master's thesis). Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. Retrieved from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/2559/WinstonT0510.pdf

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