Episoder
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Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. While atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is the focus of most outpatient and inpatient evaluations for cardiovascular symptoms, up to two thirds of patients suffer from myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA). Patients with INOCA have unique symptoms and are more likely to have functional limitation and repeat presentations for cardiovascular evaluation. While there has been increasing recognition of INOCA there is no specific functional status measure, limiting our ability to evaluate the course of illness or effectiveness of therapies. In this presentation, Dr. Samit Shah, interventional cardiologist at Yale New Haven Hospital who recently gave grand rounds recently to the Mayo Clinic Department of Emergency Medicine, reviews the causes of ischemic heart disease, challenges with current symptom assessment, and proposes a new path for better diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda; @SamitShahMD
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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Dr. Adela Cope breaks down pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian abscess, ovarian torsion, ectopic pregnancy and more in this densely packed chapter of Always on EM. Tune in as Alex and Venk also try to figure out which one has the correct mental model of PID and who will ask the first stupid question.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
LEARN MORE ABOUT RESIDENCY:
https://youtu.be/gCQ0zimhhhY?si=NpsyTruGM9N_UpVMhttps://college.mayo.edu/academics/residencies-and-fellowships/emergency-medicine-residency-minnesota/REFERENCES:
Williams T, Mortada R, Porter S. Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2016;94(2):106-113Rutz M, Boulger C. Early Pregnancy. Sonoguide - American College of Emergency Physicians. Accessed 8/20/2024 (https://www.acep.org/sonoguide/basic/early-pregnancy) Rodgers SK, et al. A lexicon for first-trimester US: Society of radiologists in ultrasound consensus conference recommendations. Radiology. 2024; 312(2):e240122Kreisel K, Flagg EW, Torrone E. Trends in pelic inflammatory disease emergnecy department visits, United STates, 2006-2013. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018;218:117e1-e10Adhikari S, Blaivas M, Lyon M. Role of bedside transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess in the emergency department. JEM 2008. 34(4):429-433Mohseni M, Simon LV, Sheele JM. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of tubo-ovarian abscess, hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, and oophoritis in emergency department patients. Cureus. 2020;12(11):e11647CDC sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021 - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) accessed 8-20-24Linden JA. et al. Is the pelvic examination still crucial in patients presenting to the emergency department with vaginal bleeding or abdominal pain when an intrauterine pregnancy is identified on ultrasonography? A randomized tli. Annals of Emerg Med 2017(70):825-834Stein JC, et al. Emergency physician ultrasonography for evaluating patients at risk for ectopic pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis. Annals of Emerg Med. 2010;56:674-683Robertson JJ, Long B, Koyfman A. Emergency Medicine Myths: Ectopic pregnancy, evaluation, risk factors, and presentation. JEM. 2017(53)6819-828Brown J, Fleming R, Aristizabal J, Rocksolana G. Does pelvic exam in the emergency department add useful information? West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):208-212Lee R, Dupuis C, Chen B, Smith A, Kim YH. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy in the emergency setting. Ultrasonography. 2018;37:78-87 -
Manglende episoder?
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This past winter, Dr. Rich Griffey, healthcare quality leader from Washington University School of Medicine and Emergency Medicine, came to present grand rounds on a new way to care for patients with mild to moderate DKA, which they call the SQuID protocol. This talk serves to inspire us to look even at some of our well established conditions and see what we could do differently, as well as appreciate the value that healthcare quality improvement integrated with research methods and implementation science thinking can do when they all come together for the improvement of patient care. Come be inspired with us!
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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Dr. Ronna Campbell, professor of emergency medicine, and passionate anaphylaxis researcher schools Alex and Venk on several issues related to contrast-related anaphylaxis. She helps clarify an approach to managing ED situations where a contrasted CT is desired yet the patient has documented anaphylaxis to iodine, or how to treat a patient who returns with unexpected reaction after receiving contrasted imaging. Can you be allergic to Iodine? What is the relationship between shellfish allergy history and contrast? What is the role of steroids in anaphylaxis management? These are just some of the questions that we answer in this discussion.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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Dr. Ken Milne presents his talk entitled, “Old Fashioned Doctors,” to Mayo Clinic Emergency Medicine as our keynote speaker for our annual research day. In this talk, he goes through 10 ideas that were proposed in an article by Dr. Herbert Fred as potential ways that old-fashioned doctors may practice medicine more effectively or more palatably than younger counterparts. In this talk, he challenges those ten ideas while offering insights and reflections founded from his experiences before that can help guide or shape the way people can practice tomorrow. This is all done through the use of story and humor as he does in all of his other public speaking opportunities.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda; @KenMilne4234
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
TikTok - @Dr_Venk
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Skeptics guide to emergency medicine: https://thesgem.com/ Ken Milne’s Youtube video of his presentation: https://youtu.be/f18FmFci-BI?si=jqJ-53HMLTI-uwLyHerbert L Fred M.D. (1998) Old-Fashioned Doctors, Hospital Practice, 33:12, 15-15, DOI: 10.1080/21548331.1998.11443787WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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Dr. Lacey Shiue, emergency ultrasound faculty, sits down with Alex and Venk to talk through ultrasound guided nerve blocks and plane blocks. We talk through key differences in commonly used medications, how to manage toxicity from those medications as well as a detailed discussion of several different specific blocks including: Erector Spinae Plane Block, Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block, Supraclavicular Block, Interscalene Block among others. In addition, she discusses the keys to advancing an emergency regional anesthesia program.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
RESOURCES FOR PRACTICE:
MDCALC for anesthetic dose calculation: https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10205/local-anesthetic-dosing-calculator Safe Local app for anesthetic dose calculation: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/safelocal/id1440999841 New York School of Regional Anesthesia: https://www.nysora.com/filter-topics/ Highland County Emergency Medicine Website: https://highlandultrasound.com/ ASRA - American Society of Regional Anesthesia - Checklist for treatment of LAST: https://www.asra.com/news-publications/asra-updates/blog-landing/guidelines/2020/11/01/checklist-for-treatment-of-local-anesthetic-systemic-toxicityREFERENCES:
American College of Emergency Physicians Policy Statements: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks, published April 2021. Document accessed June 20, 2024 via: https://www.acep.org/patient-care/policy-statements/ultrasound-guided-nerve-blocksAmerican College of Emergency Physicians Policy Statements: Guideline for ultrasound transducer cleaning and disinfection, approved April 2021. Document accessed June 20, 2024 via: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.acep.org/siteassets/new-pdfs/policy-statements/guideline-for-ultrasound-transducer-cleaning-and-disinfection.pdf Disinfection of Ultrasound Transducers Used for Percutaneous Procedures: Intersocietal Position Statement. J Ultrasound Med. 2020; online before print. https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.15653 Ramesh S, Ayyan SM, Rath DP,Sadanandan DM. Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guidederector spinae plane block compared to sham procedure inadult patients with rib fractures presenting to the emergencydepartment: A randomized controlled trial. Acad Emerg Med.2024;31:316-325. doi:10.1111/acem.14820New York School of Regional Anesthesia: Ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca nerve block. Accessed June 21, 2024 via: https://www.nysora.com/techniques/lower-extremity/ultrasound-guided-fascia-iliaca-block/ Downs T, Jacquet J, Disch J, Kolodychuk N, Talmage L, Krizo J, Simon EL, Meehan A, Stenberg R. Large Scale implementation of fascia iliaca compartment blocks in an emergency department. West J Emerg Med. 2023 May 3;24(3):384-389Makkar JK, Singh NP, Bhatia N, Samra T, Singh PM. Fascia iliaca block for hip fractures in the emergency department: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Dec:50:654-660Rukerd MRZ, Erfaniparsa L, Movahedi M, et al. Ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block versus fascia iliaca compartment block for femoral fractures in emergency department: a randomized controlled trial. Acute Med Surg. 2024 Mar 6;11(1):e936Beaudoin FL, Haran JP, Liebmann O. A comparison of ultrasound-guided three-in one femoral nerve block versus parenteral opioids alone for analgesia in emergency department patients with hip fractures: a randomized controlled trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Jun;20(6):584-91Reavley P, Montgomery AA, Smith JE, Binks S, Edwards J, Elder G, Benger J. Randomised trial of the fascia iliaca block versus the 3-in-1 block for femoral neck fractures in the emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2015;32:685-689Schulte SS, Fernandez I, Van Tienderen R, Reich MS, Adler A, Nguyen MP. Impact of the fascia iliaca block on pain, opioid consumption, and ambulation for patients with hip fractures: a prospective, randomized study. J Orthop Trauma. 2020 Oct;34(10):533-538WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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In this final chapter of the academic year 2023-2024, we celebrate our graduating EM class of residents by spotlighting a senior capstone presentation by Dr. Matthew Hamilton covering the intersection of homosexuality and medicine. In this presentation, he aims for the learner to be able to recognize pivotal movements in LGBTQ+ history and civil rights; describe structural mechanisms that excluded gay people from medicine for over 150 years; and to be able to recognize and mitigate ongoing threats to the health and wellbeing of LGBTQ+ people. Please tune in to learn more from one the great graduating senior emergency medicine resident physicians at Mayo Clinic!
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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Alex and Venk talk through the medicolegal aspects of practicing emergency medicine with emergency physician and attorney, Dr. Rachel Lindor. She is previous chair of research for Mayo Clinic Emergency Medicine in Scottsdale Arizona and holds both MD & JD degrees. She outlines how the most commonly litigated conditions (MI, orthopedics etc) still only accounts for about 1/5 of medicolegal cases in the United States and the importance of certain key behaviors in our practice to maintaining legal safety. Check it out!
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Heaton HA, Campbell RL, Thompson KM, Sadosty AT. In support of the medical apology: the nonlegal arguments. Journal of Emergency Medicine 2016. 51(5)605-609Gallagher TH, Waterman AD, Ebers AG, Fraser VJ, Levinson W. Patients’ and Physicians’ attitudes regarding the disclosure of medical errors. JAMA 2003;289:1001-7Carlson JN, et al. Provider and Practice Factors associated with emergency physicians being named in a malpractice claim. Ann Emerg Med. 2018;71:157-164Sachs. Malpractice claims: It’s a crapshoot-Time to stop the self-blame and ask different questions. Ann Emerg Med. 2018;71(2):165-167Weinstock & Jolliff. High-Risk Medicolegal Conditions in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Emerg Med Clin N Am. 39(2021) 479-491Selbst, et al. Epidemiology and etiology of malpractice lawsuits involving children in US emergency departments and urgent care centers. Pediatr. Emerg Care. 2005 Mar;21(3):165-9Wong, et al. Emergency Department and Urgent Care Malpractice Claims 2001-2015. West JEM. 2021. 22(2): 333-8 -
Dr. John Wilson, consultant in the division of infectious diseases at Mayo Clinic, and professor of medicine, director of Tuberculosis consultations at Mayo Clinic presents updates in Tuberculosis for Mayo Clinic Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds back in February.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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Dr. Dagny Anderson, a specialist in the division of pulmonary and critical care medicine at Mayo Clinic, joins Alex and Venk to talk about both life threatening hemoptysis and non-lifethreatening hemoptysis. In this chapter we review what we need to be doing in the emergency department, while also shedding light on what our teammates in other specialties can offer the patients downstream. Join for this colorful journey of how to manage the situation when no one likes what is coming out of the patient's mouth.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES
Gopinath B, et al. Nebulized vs IV Tranexamic Acid for Hemoptysis - A pilot randomized controlled trial. Chest 2023;163(5):1176-1184Wand O, Guber E, Guber A, Epstein Schochet G, Israeli-Shani L, Shitrit D. Inhaled Tranexamic Acid for Hempotysis Treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Chest 2018;154(6):1379Ibrahim WH. Massive Hemoptysis:The definition should be revised. Eur Respir J. 2008 Oct;32(4):1131-2 -
Whether or not emergency physicians believe that patients with thoughts of self-harm belong in the ED, they are coming to your ED anyway. According to the Centers for Disease Control, ED visit rates for nonfatal self-harm increased 42% among persons 10 years or older, and visits for suicidal ideation, self-directed violence, or both increased 25.5% from 2017-2018. That’s an increase of more than 1% per month pre-COVID. This solutions-oriented talk will discuss some of the science behind suicide prevention in the ED, and will present techniques that you can use to reduce risk in your ED.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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Dr. Suraj Yalamuri, Mayo Clinic Anesthesiology Critical Care and Cardiovascular Medicine Consultant, joins Alex and Finch to talk about the fundamentals of ECMO and ECPR. This is a great way to get caught up on this emerging science so that you'll be ready to provide the best resuscitative care for your patients when your system is ready too.
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Dr. Leff shares, in her senior resident capstone presentation, a primer on humanitarian efforts, what are basic principles of aid, how to identify the key health needs of populations affected by crises and how EM clinicians can respond to those needs with the greatest impact. She will discuss how to engage responsibly and to anticipate how humanitarianism will develop and adapt in the future to improve responsiveness.
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Dr. Mike Olson, former EM PA and now ENT attending sits down to talk about epistaxis with Alex and Venk. We go through a pragmatic approach to epistaxis, discuss some nuance cases including telangiectasia, hypertension, and anticoagulation.
interventions are key, what patients are most likely to suffer a bad outcome and more.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Ingason AB, et al. Warfarin is associated with higher rates of epistaxis compared to direct oral anticoagulants: a nationwide propensity score-weighted study. J Intern Med. 2022 Sep;292(3):501-511Thomg JF, et al. A prospective comparative study to examine the effects of oral diazepam on blood pressure and anxiety levels in patients with acute epistaxis. Journal of Laryng & Otol. 2007. (121)124-129Terakura M et al. Relationship between blood pressure and persistent epistaxis at the emergency department: a retrospective study. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2012 Jul(4):291-295Lee CJ, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between blood pressure control and epistaxis resource after achieving effective hemostasis in the emergency department. J Acute Med. 2020 mar 1;10(1)27-39 -
Dr. Casey Clements spent two hours breaking down the history and influences in sepsis care over the past three decades and going through the best practices in today's emergency medicine. This is the second part of the two part series.
Do you know how Sepsis is defined currently? What is the difference between SEP - 1 and surviving sepsis campaign? What is the role of steroids or vitamin C? Can you resuscitate these patients with albumin? These and so many more questions will be answered in this two part series. We review the PROCESS, PROMISE, and ARISE trials and provide pragmatic approach to your septic patients.
So join Venk like vancomycin, and Alex (aka Zosyn) and Casey "not-cidal" Clements in these amazing episodes.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Intravascular volume assessment
Azadian M, Win S, Abdipour A, et al. Mortality benefit from the passive leg raise maneuver in guiding resuscitation of septic shock patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Intensive Care Med. 2022 May;37(5):611-617Spiliotaki E, Saranteas T, Moschovaki N, et al. Inferior vena cava ultrasonography in the assessment of intravascular volume status and fluid responsiveness in the emergency department and intensive care unit: a critical analysis review. J Clin Ultrasound. 2022 Jun;50(5):733-744Chest radiography paper referenced
Poku JK, Bellamkonda-Athmaram VR, Bellolio F, Nestler DM, Stiell IG, Hess EP. Failure of prospective validation and derivation of a refined clinical decision rule for chest radiography in emergency department patients with chest pain and possible acute coronary syndrome. Acad Emerg Med. 2012 Sep;19(9):E1004-10Albumin
Caironi P, Tognoni G, Masson S, Fumagalli R, Presenti A, Romero M, Fanizza C, Caspani L, Faenza S, Grasselli G, Iapichino G, Antonelli M, Parrini V, Fiore G, Latini R, Gattinoni L, ALBIOS Study Investigators. Albumin Replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. NEJM. 2014;370(15):1412Xu JY, Chen QH, Xie JF, Pan C, Liu SQ, Huang LW, Yang CS, Liu L, Huang YZ, Guo FM, Yang Y, Qiu HB. Comparison of the effects of albumin and cyrstalloid on mortality in adult patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Care. 2014;18(6):702Jiang L, Jiang S, Zhang M, Zheng Z, Ma Y. Albumin versus other fluids for fluid resuscitation in patients with sepsis: A meta-analysis. PloS One. 2014;9(12):e114666Unbundling studies
ProCESS Trial: ProCESS Investigators, Yealy DM, Kellum JA, Huang DT, Barnato AE, Weissfeld LA, PIke F, Terndrup T, Wang HE, Hou PC, LoVecchio F, Filbin MR, Shapiro NI, Angus DC. A randomized trial of protocol based care for early septic shock. NEJM 2014;370(18):1683ProMISE Trial: Mouncey PR, Osborn ™, Power GS, Harrison DA, Sadique MZ, Grieve RD, Jahan R, Harvey SE, Bell D, Bion JF, Coats TJ, Singer M, Young JD, Rowan KM, ProMISe Trial Investigators. Trial of early, goal directed resuscitation for septic shock. NEJM 2015;372(14):1301ARISE Trial: ARISE investigators, ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, Peake SL, Delaney A, Bailey M, Bellomo R, Cameron PA, Cameron PA, Cooper DJ, Higgins AM, Holdgate A, Howe BD, WEbb SA, Williams P. Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock. NEJM 2014;371(16):1496Angus DC, Barnato AE, Bell D, Bellomo R, Chong CR, Coats TJ, Davies A, Delaney A, Harrison DA, Holdgate A, Howe B, Huang DT, Iwashyna T, Kellum JA, Peake SL, Pike F, Reade MC, Rowan KM, Singer M, Webb SA, Weissfeld LA, Yealy DM, Young JD. A systematic review and meta-analysis of early goal-directed therapy for septic shock: the ARISE, ProCESS, and ProMISE investigators. Intensive Care Med. 2015 SEp;41(9):1549-60PRISM Investigators. Early Goal-Directed Therapy for Septic Shock - A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis. NEJM 2017Lu Y, Zhang H, Teng F, Xia WJ, SUn GX, Wen AQ. Early goal-directed therapy in severe sepsis and septic shock: A meta-analysis and Trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Intensive Care Med. 2018;33(5):296Vitamin C
Sevransky JE, et al. Effect of vitamin C, thiamine, and hydrocortisone on ventilator- and vasopressor-free days in patients with sepsis: The VICTAS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021 Feb 23;325(8):742-750 -
Dr. Casey Clements spent two hours breaking down the history and influences in sepsis care over the past three decades and going through the best practices in today's emergency medicine. Do you know how Sepsis is defined currently? What is the difference between SEP - 1 and surviving sepsis campaign? What is the role of steroids or vitamin C? Can you resuscitate these patients with albumin? These and so many more questions will be answered in this two part series. So join Venk like vancomycin, and Alex (aka Zosyn) and Casey "not-cidal" Clements in these amazing episodes.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
SOFA Score:
Vincent JL, MOreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related organ failure assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction / failure. On Behalf of the working group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 1996 Jul;22(7):707-10Vincent JL, de Mendonca A, Cantraine F, et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction / failure in intensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Working group on ‘sepsis-related problems’ of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Crit Care Med. 1998;26(11):1793-1800Ferreira FL, Bota DP, Bross A, Merlot C, Vincent JL. Serial evaluation of the SOFA score to predict outcomes in critically ill patients. JAMA. 2001 Oct 10;286(14):1754-8Cardenas-Turanzas M, Ensor J, Wakefield C, Zhang K, Wallace SK, Price KJ, Nates JL. Cross-validation of a sequential organ failure assessment score-based model to predict mortality in patients with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit. J Crit Care. 2012 Dec;27(6):673-80qSOFA score
Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):762-774Shankar-Hari M, Phillips GS, Levy ML, et al. Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and SEptic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):775-787Freund Y, Lemachatti N, Krastinova E, et al. Prognostic accuracy of Sepsis-3 Criteria for in-hospital mortality among patients with suspected infection presenting to the emergency department. JAMA. 2017;317(3):301-308Raith EP, Udy AA, Bailey M, et al. Prognostic accuracy of the SOFA score, SIRS criteria, and qSOFA score for in-hospital mortality among adults with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. JAMA. 2017;317(3):290-300Comparing Prognostic scores
Henning DJ, Puskarich MA, Self WH, Howell MD, Donnino MW, Yealy DM, Jones AE, Shapiro NI. An Emergency Department validation of the SEP-3 Sepsis and Septic Shock definitions and comparison with 1992 consensus definitions. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Oct;70(4):544-552IDSA concern
Rhee C, Chiotos K, Cosgrove SE, Heil EL, Kadri SS, Kalil AC, Gilbert DN, Masur H, Septimus EJ, Sweeney DA, Strich JR, Winslow DL, Klompas M. Infectious diseases society of america position paper: Recommended revisions to the National Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock early management bundle (SEP-1) Sepsis Quality Measure. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 16;72(4):541-552About Barcelona Declaration
Slade E, Tamber PS, Vincent JL. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: raising awareness to reduce mortality. Crit Care. 2003;7:1-21- hour surviving sepsis bundle guidance
Freund Y, Khoury A, Mockel M, et al. European Society of Emergency Medicine position paper on the 1-hour sepsis bundle of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign: expression of concern. Eur J Emerg Med. 2019 Aug;26(4):232-233Early Goal Directed Therapy
Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. NEJM. 2001 Nov 8;345(19):1368-77SEP - 1 Quality Measure
National Quality Forum Measure submission and evaluation worksheet 5.0 for NQF #0500 Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Management Bundle, last updated Date: Oct 05, 2012. Website link Accessed 01-31-2024: https://www.qualityforum.org/Projects/i-m/Infectious_Disease_Endorsement_Maintenance_2012/0500.aspx National Quality Forum: NQF Revises Sepsis Measure. Website link accessed 01-31-2024: https://www.qualityforum.org/NQF_Revises_Sepsis_Measure.aspx Faust JS, Weingart SD. The Past, Present, and Future of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Quality Measure SEP-1 - the early management bundle for severe sepsis / septic shock. Emerg Med Clin N Am. 2017; 35:219-231Affordable care act
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Public Law 148, U.S. Statutes at Large 124 (2010):119-1024. Website link accessed 01-31-2024: https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/STATUTE-124/STATUTE-124-Pg119/summary.Fluids for sepsis in concerning populations
Pence M, Tran QK, Shesser R, Payette C, Pourmand A. Outcomes of CMS-mandated fluid administration among fluid-overloaded patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2022 May:55:157-166Zadeh AV, Wong A, Crawford AC, Collado E, Larned JM. Guideline-based and restricted fluid resuscitation strategy in sepsis patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Nov:73:34-39WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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In this chapter, Dr. Dougie Moss, final year EM resident presents his Capstone presentation on best charting practices to match reimbursement to the care we deliver. Take a listen to better understand the new billing expectations of our documentation.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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Alex and Venk talk through a previous case where they care for a young person with meningococcemia on a night shift. We review the disease, what to watch for, how to treat it, and go over some of the residue after being part of a case like this. We also review some of the considerations regarding ECMO for severe sepsis.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Heckenberg SG, et al. Clinical features, outcome and meningococcal genotype in 258 adults with meningococcal meningitis: a prospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2008. 87(4):185Brechot N, Hajage D, et al. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to rescue sepsis-induced cardiogenic shock: a retrospective, multicentre, international cohort study. Lancet 2020. 396(10250)545-552Ling RR, Ramanathan K, et al. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as mechanical circulatory support in adult septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis with individual participant data meta-regression analysis. Crit Care 2021. Jul 14;25(1):246WANT TO WORK AT MAYO?
EM Physicians: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/emergencymedicine
EM NP PAs: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/em-nppa-jobs
Nursing/Techs/PAC: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/Nursing-Emergency-Medicine
EMTs/Paramedics: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/ambulanceservice
All groups above combined into one link: https://jobs.mayoclinic.org/EM-Jobs
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It is no surprise that outcomes are poor for patients who already meet one definition for 'death' even before the point of their first medical contact. But for nearly half of certain patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, good neurologic outcomes can be achieved. And while patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest are also very likely to suffer a poor outcome, there is some reason to believe that some out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients might have a better chance of survival. During this discussion, we will discuss why this might be, while also challenging assumptions about topics including epinephrine, airway management, and the risks and benefits of transporting patients in cardiac arrest. We will also look to future directions in cardiac arrest management.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
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This chapter we talk with Dr. Henry Schiller, trauma surgeon and professor of surgery at Mayo Clinic, about a variety of hematomas including Morel Lavellee lesions, retroperitoneal hematomas, rectus sheath and more! Alex even gets to ask a question about REBOA that he has been hoping to do for a long time.
CONTACTS
X - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
YouTube - @AlwaysOnEM; @VenkBellamkonda
Instagram – @AlwaysOnEM; @Venk_like_vancomycin; @ASFinch
Email - [email protected]
REFERENCES & LINKS
Nickerson TP, Zielinski MD, Jenkins DH, Schiller HJ. The Mayo Clinic Experience with Morel-Lavallee lesions: Establishment of a practice management guideline. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012. Vol 76, Number 2 493-497Demetriades D, Chan LS, Velmahos G, Berne TV, Cornwell III EE, Belzberg H, Asensio JA, Murray J, Berne J, Shoemaker W. TRISS methodology in trauma: the need for alternatives. British Journal of Surgery 1998, 85,379-384Meyer DM, Jessen ME, Grayburn PA. Use of echocardiography to detect occult cardiac injury after penetrating thoracic trauma: A prospective study. J Trauma. 1995 Nov;39(5):902-7 - Vis mere
