Episodes
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In the U.S., there will soon be more people over 65 than there are under 18 â and itâs not just lifespan thatâs improving, itâs âhealthspanâ too. Unfortunately, the American approach to aging is stuck in the 20th century. In less than an hour, we try to unstick it. (Part three of a three-part series, âCradle to Grave.â)
SOURCES:James Chappel, professor of history at Duke University.Katy Fike, co-founder of Aging 2.0 and managing partner of Generator Ventures.Kristen Fortney, co-founder and C.E.O. of BioAge.Celine Halioua, founder and C.E.O. of Loyal.Kyla Scanlon, economic commentator.Andrew Scott, professor of economics at London Business School.RESOURCES:In This Economy?: How Money & Markets Really Work, by Kyla Scanlon (2024).Golden Years: How Americans Invented and Reinvented Old Age, by James Chappel (2024).The Longevity Imperative: How to Build a Healthier and More Productive Society to Support Our Longer Lives, by Andrew Scott (2024).EXTRAS:"Off Leash," by The Freakonomics Radio Network (2022)."Are You Ready for a Glorious Sunset?" by Freakonomics Radio (2015). -
In this episode from 2013, we look at whether spite pays â and if it even exists.
SOURCES:Benedikt Herrmann, research officer at the European Commission.Steve Levitt, co-author of Freakonomics and host of People I (Mostly) Admire.Dave O'Connor, president of Times Studios.Lisi Oliver, professor of English at Louisiana State University.E.O. Wilson, naturalist and university research professor emeritus at Harvard University.RESOURCES:You Don't Know Bo: The Legend of Bo Jackson, documentary (2012)."Amputation of the nose throughout history," by G. Sperati (ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, 2009)."The Appearance of Homo Rivalis: Social Preferences and the Nature of Rent Seeking," by Benedikt Herrmann and Henrik Orzen (Center for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, 2008).EXTRAS:"What Itâs Like to Be Middle-Aged (in the Middle Ages)," by Freakonomics Radio (2025). -
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The simplicity of life back then is appealing today, as long as you donât mind Church hegemony, the occasional plague, trial by gossip â and the lack of ibuprofen. (Part two of a three-part series, âCradle to Grave.â)
SOURCES:Jordan Cavalier, performer at the New Jersey Renaissance Faire.Matt Schwarz, harpist at the New Jersey Renaissance Faire.Phillipp Schofield, professor of history at Aberystywth University.Neslihan Ćenocak, professor of history at Columbia University.RESOURCES:A People's Church: Medieval Italy and Christianity, 1050â1300, co-edited by Agostino Paravicini Bagliani and Neslihan Ćenocak (2023).The Routledge Handbook of Medieval Rural Life, edited by Miriam MĂŒller with a contribution by Phillip Schofield (2021).Monty Python and the Holy Grail, film (1975).EXTRAS:"Are You Having a Midlife Crisis?" by No Stupid Questions (2022). -
For decades, the great fear was overpopulation. Now itâs the opposite. How did this happen â and whatâs being done about it? (Part one of a three-part series, âCradle to Grave.â)
SOURCES:Matthias Doepke, professor of economics at the London School of Economics.Amy Froide, professor of history at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.Diana Laird, professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of California, San Francisco.Catherine Pakaluk, professor of economics at The Catholic University of America.RESOURCES:"Fertility Rate, Total for the United States," (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2025)."Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950â2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021," (The Lancet, 2024)."Suddenly There Arenât Enough Babies. The Whole World Is Alarmed." by Greg Ip and Janet Adamy (The Wall Street Journal, 2024)."Taxing bachelors and proposing marriage lotteries â how superpowers addressed declining birthrates in the past," by Amy Froide (University of Maryland, 2021)."Is Fertility a Leading Economic Indicator?" by Kasey Buckles, Daniel Hungerman, and Steven Lugauer (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018).The King's Midwife: A History and Mystery of Madame du Coudray, by Nina Rattner Gelbart (1999).The Population Bomb, by Paul Ehrlich (1970)."An Economic Analysis of Fertility," by Gary Becker (National Bureau of Economic Research, 1960).EXTRAS:"What Will Be the Consequences of the Latest Prenatal-Testing Technologies?" by Freakonomics Radio (2011). -
A famous essay argues that ânot a single person on the face of this earthâ knows how to make a pencil. How true is that? In this 2016 episode, we looked at what pencil-making can teach us about global manufacturing â and the proper role of government in the economy.
SOURCES:Caroline Weaver, creator of the Locavore Guide.Matt Ridley, science writer, British viscount and retired member of the House of LordsTim Harford, economist, author and columnist for the Financial TimesJim Weissenborn, former CEO of General Pencil CompanyThomas Thwaites, freelance designer and associate lecturer at Central Saint Martins.RESOURCES:"When ideas have sex," by Matt Ridley (TED, 2010)."How I built a toaster â from scratch," by Thomas Thwaites (TED, 2010)."Look on this toaster, ye mighty, and despair!" by Tim Harford (Financial Times, 2009)."I, Pencil," by Leonard Read (Foundation for Economic Education, 1958).EXTRAS:âFault-Finder Is a Minimum-Wage Job,â by Freakonomics Radio (2025). -
Nicholas Cullinan, the new director of the British Museum, seems to think so. âI'm not afraid of the past,â he says â which means talking about looted objects, the basement storerooms, and the leaking roof. We take the guided tour.
SOURCES:Nicholas Cullinan, director of the British Museum.RESOURCES:"Inside the British Museum: stolen treasures and a ÂŁ1bn revamp," by Alice Thomson (The Times, 2025)."British Museum gems for sale on eBay - how a theft was exposed," by Katie Razzall, Larissa Kennelly, and Darin Graham (BBC, 2024)."British Museum chief Nicholas Cullinan: âI start with the idea that everything is possible,'" by Jan Dalley (Financial Times, 2024)."Who Benefits When Western Museums Return Looted Art?" by David Frum (The Atlantic, 2022).The Will of Sir Hans Sloane, by Sir Hans Sloane (1753).The Portland Vase (The British Museum).EXTRAS:"Stealing Art Is Easy. Giving It Back Is Hard." by Freakonomics Radio (2023). -
Austan Goolsbee, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, is less reserved than the average banker. He explains why vibes are overrated, why the Fedâs independence is non-negotiable, and why tariffs could bring the economy back to the Covid era.
SOURCES:Austan Goolsbee, president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.RESOURCES:"Internet Rising, Prices Falling: Measuring Inflation in a World of E-Commerce," by Austan Goolsbee and Peter Klenow (American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings, 2018).Microeconomics, by Austan Goolsbee, Steven Levitt, and Chad Syverson (2012)."Does the Internet Make Markets More Competitive? Evidence from the Life Insurance Industry," by Jeffrey Brown and Austan Goolsbee (Journal of Political Economy, 2002).Survey of Consumers (University of Michigan).Adobe Digital Price Index.EXTRAS:"Was Austan Goolsbeeâs First Visit to the Oval Office Almost His Last?" by People I (Mostly) Admire (2022)."Is $2 Trillion the Right Medicine for a Sick Economy?" by Freakonomics Radio (2020)."Fed Up," by Freakonomics Radio (2019)."Why the Trump Tax Cuts Are Terrible/Awesome (Part 2)" by Freakonomics Radio (2018)."Ben Bernanke Gives Himself a Grade," by Freakonomics Radio (2015)."Should the U.S. Merge With Mexico?" by Freakonomics Radio (2014). -
Just beneath the surface of the global economy, there is a hidden layer of dealmakers for whom war, chaos, and sanctions can be a great business opportunity. Javier Blas and Jack Farchy, the authors of The World for Sale, help us shine a light on the shadowy realm of commodity traders.
SOURCES:Javier Blas, opinion columnist at Bloomberg News.Jack Farchy, energy and commodities senior reporter at Bloomberg News.RESOURCES:The World For Sale: Money, Power, and the Traders Who Barter the Earth's Resources, by Javier Blas and Jack Farchy (2021)The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich, by Daniel Ammann (2010).EXTRAS:"How the Supermarket Helped America Win the Cold War (Update)" by Freakonomics Radio (2024)."The First Great American Industry," by Freakonomics Radio (2023). -
Everyone makes mistakes. How do we learn from them? Lessons from the classroom, the Air Force, and the worldâs deadliest infectious disease. (Part four of a four-part series.)
SOURCES:Will Coleman, founder and C.E.O. of Alto.Amy Edmondson, professor of leadership management at Harvard Business School.Babak Javid, physician-scientist and associate director of the University of California, San Francisco Center for Tuberculosis.Gary Klein, cognitive psychologist and pioneer in the field of naturalistic decision making.Theresa MacPhail, medical anthropologist and associate professor of science & technology studies at the Stevens Institute of Technology.Roy Shalem, lecturer at Tel Aviv University.Samuel West, curator and founder of The Museum of Failure.RESOURCES:"A Golf Club Urinal, Colgate Lasagna and the Bitter Fight Over the Museum of Failure," by Zusha Elinson (Wall Street Journal, 2025).Right Kind of Wrong: The Science of Failing Well, by Amy Edmondson (2023).âYou Think Failure Is Hard? So Is Learning From It,â by Lauren Eskreis-Winkler and Ayelet Fishbach (Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2022).âThe Market for R&D Failures,â by Manuel Trajtenberg and Roy Shalem (SSRN, 2010).âPerforming a Project Premortem,â by Gary Klein (Harvard Business Review, 2007).EXTRAS:"The Deadliest Disease in Human History," by People I (Mostly) Admire (2025).âHow to Succeed at Failing,â series by Freakonomics Radio (2023).âMoncef Slaoui: âItâs Unfortunate That It Takes a Crisis for This to Happen,'â by People I (Mostly) Admire (2020). -
Giving up can be painful. That's why we need to talk about it. Today: stories about glitchy apps, leaky paint cans, broken sculptures â and a quest for the perfect bowl of ramen. (Part three of a four-part series.)
SOURCES:John Boykin, website designer and failed paint can re-inventor.Angela Duckworth, host of No Stupid Questions, co-founder of Character Lab, and professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.Amy Edmondson, professor of leadership management at Harvard Business School.Helen Fisher, former senior research fellow at The Kinsey Institute and former chief science advisor to Match.com.Eric von Hippel, professor of technological innovation at M.I.T.âs Sloan School of Management.Jill Hoffman, founder and C.E.O. of Path 2 Flight.Gary Klein, cognitive psychologist and pioneer in the field of naturalistic decision making.Steve Levitt, host of People I (Mostly) Admire, co-author of the Freakonomics books, and professor of economics at the University of Chicago.Joseph OâConnell, artist.Mike Ridgeman, government affairs manager at the Wisconsin Bike Fed.Melanie Stefan, professor of physiology at Medical School Berlin.Travis Thul, vice president for Student Success and Engagement at Minnesota State University, Mankato.RESOURCES:âData Snapshot: Tenure and Contingency in US Higher Education,â by Glenn Colby (American Association of University Professors, 2023).Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance, by Angela Duckworth (2016).âEntrepreneurship and the U.S. Economy,â by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2016).âA C.V. of Failures,â by Melanie Stefan (Nature, 2010).Ramen Now! official website.EXTRAS: âHow to Succeed at Failing,â series by Freakonomics Radio (2023).âAnnie Duke Thinks You Should Quit,â by People I (Mostly) Admire (2022).âHow Do You Know When Itâs Time to Quit?â by No Stupid Questions (2020).âHoney, I Grew the Economy,â by Freakonomics Radio (2019).âThe Upside of Quitting,â by Freakonomics Radio (2011). -
In medicine, failure can be catastrophic. It can also produce discoveries that save millions of lives. Tales from the front line, the lab, and the I.T. department. (Part two of a four-part series.)
SOURCES:Amy Edmondson, professor of leadership management at Harvard Business School.Carole Hemmelgarn, co-founder of Patients for Patient Safety U.S. and director of the Clinical Quality, Safety & Leadership Masterâs program at Georgetown University.Gary Klein, cognitive psychologist and pioneer in the field of naturalistic decision making.Robert Langer, institute professor and head of the Langer Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.John Van Reenen, professor at the London School of Economics.RESOURCES:Right Kind of Wrong: The Science of Failing Well, by Amy Edmondson (2023).âReconsidering the Application of Systems Thinking in Healthcare: The RaDonda Vaught Case,â by Connor Lusk, Elise DeForest, Gabriel Segarra, David M. Neyens, James H. Abernathy III, and Ken Catchpole (British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2022)."Estimates of preventable hospital deaths are too high, new study shows," by Bill Hathaway (Yale News, 2020).âDispelling the Myth That Organizations Learn From Failure,â by Jeffrey Ray (SSRN, 2016).âA New, Evidence-Based Estimate of Patient Harms Associated With Hospital Care,â by John T. James (Journal of Patient Safety, 2013).To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System, by the National Academy of Sciences (1999).âPolymers for the Sustained Release of Proteins and Other Macromolecules,â by Robert Langer and Judah Folkman (Nature, 1976).The Innovation and Diffusion Podcast, by John Van Reenen and Ruveyda Gozen.EXTRAS:"The Curious, Brilliant, Vanishing Mr. Feynman," series by Freakonomics Radio (2024).âWill a Covid-19 Vaccine Change the Future of Medical Research?â by Freakonomics Radio (2020).âBad Medicine, Part 3: Death by Diagnosis,â by Freakonomics Radio (2016). -
We tend to think of tragedies as a single terrible moment, rather than the result of multiple bad decisions. Can this pattern be reversed? We try â with stories about wildfires, school shootings, and love. (Part one of a four-part series.)
SOURCES:Amy Edmondson, professor of leadership management at Harvard Business School.Helen Fisher, former senior research fellow at The Kinsey Institute and former chief science advisor to Match.com.Ed Galea, founding director of the Fire Safety Engineering Group at the University of Greenwich.Gary Klein, cognitive psychologist and pioneer in the field of naturalistic decision making.David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database.Aaron Stark, head cashier at Lowe's and keynote speaker.John Van Reenen, professor at the London School of Economics.RESOURCES:"Ethan Crumbley: Parents of Michigan school gunman sentenced to at least 10 years," by Brandon Drenon (New York Times, 2024).Right Kind of Wrong: The Science of Failing Well, by Amy Edmondson (2023)."How Fire Turned Lahaina Into a Death Trap," by Nicholas Bogel-Burroughs, Serge F. Kovaleski, Shawn Hubler, and Riley Mellen (The New York Times, 2023).The Violence Project: How to Stop a Mass Shooting Epidemic, by Jillian Peterson and James Densley (2021)."I Was Almost A School Shooter," by Aaron Stark (TEDxBoulder, 2018).EXTRAS: "Is Perfectionism Ruining Your Life?" by People I (Mostly) Admire (2023)."Why Did You Marry That Person?" by Freakonomics Radio (2022)."What Do We Really Learn From Failure?" by No Stupid Questions (2021)."How to Fail Like a Pro," by Freakonomics Radio (2019)."Failure Is Your Friend," by Freakonomics Radio (2014). -
It used to be that making documentary films meant taking a vow of poverty (and obscurity). The streaming revolution changed that. Award-winning filmmaker R.J. Cutler talks to Stephen Dubner about capturing Billie Eilishâs musical genius and Martha Stewartâs vulnerability â and why he really, really, really needs to make a film about the New York Mets.
SOURCES:R.J. Cutler, filmmaker.RESOURCES:Fight for Glory, documentary (2025).Martha, documentary (2024)."Reality Check: The Boomâor Glutâin Streaming Documentaries Has Sparked a Reckoning Among Filmmakers and Their Subjects," by Reeves Wiedeman (Vulture, 2023)."Inside the Documentary Cash Grab," by Mia Galuppo and Katie Kilkenny (The Hollywood Reporter, 2022).Billie Eilish: The Worldâs a Little Blurry, documentary (2021).EXTRAS:âAri Emanuel Is Never Indifferent,â by Freakonomics Radio (2023). -
Itâs been in development for five years and has at least a year to go. On the eve of its out-of-town debut, the actor playing Lincoln quit. And the producers still need to raise another $15 million to bring the show to New York. There really is no business like show business. (Part three of a three-part series.)
SOURCES:Christopher Ashley, artistic director of La Jolla Playhouse.Debby Buchholz, managing director of La Jolla Playhouse.Carmen Cusack, actor.Quentin Earl Darrington, actor.Joe DiPietro, playwright and lyricist.Crystal Monee Hall, composer, singer, actor.Ivan Hernandez, actor.Michael Rushton, professor of arts administration at Indiana University.Jeffrey Seller, Broadway producer.Alan Shorr, Broadway producer.Daniel Watts, writer, choreographer, actor.RESOURCES:3 Summers of Lincoln (2025)."Review: Visceral â3 Summers of Lincolnâ is thrilling and thought-provoking," by Pam Kragen (San Diego Union-Tribune, 2025)."Whatâs Wrong with the Theatre is Whatâs Wrong With Society," by Michael Rushton (ArtsJournal, 2023)."American Theater Is Imploding Before Our Eyes," by Isaac Butler (New York Times, 2023).The Moral Foundations of Public Funding for the Arts, by Michael Rushton (2023).EXTRAS:âHow to Make the Coolest Show on Broadway,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024).âYou Can Make a Killing, but Not a Living,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024). -
In an episode from 2012, we looked at what Sleep No More and the Stanford Prison Experiment can tell us about who we really are.
SOURCES:Felix Barrett, artistic director of Punchdrunk.Steven Levitt, professor of economics at the University of Chicago.Philip Zimbardo, professor emeritus at Stanford University.RESOURCES:âPhilip Zimbardo, the psychologist behind the âStanford Prison Experiment,â dies at 91,â by Melissa De Witte (Stanford Report, 2024).âDebunking the Stanford Prison Experiment,â by Thibault Le Texier (American Psychologist, 2019).âThe Lifespan of a Lie,â by Ben Blum (GEN, 2018).Punchdrunk.EXTRAS:âHow Is Live Theater Still Alive?â by Freakonomics Radio (2025)."Why Is There So Much Fraud in Academia?" by Freakonomics Radio (2024). -
A hit like Hamilton can come from nowhere while a sure bet can lose $20 million in a flash. We speak with some of the biggest producers in the game â Sonia Friedman, Jeffrey Seller, Hal Luftig â and learn that there is only one guarantee: the theater owners always win. (Part two of a three-part series.)
SOURCES:Debby Buchholz, managing director of La Jolla Playhouse.Sonia Friedman, Broadway producer.Rocco Landesman, Broadway producer, former owner of Jujamcyn Theaters, former chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts.Hal Luftig, Broadway producer.Luis Miranda Jr., political strategist, founding president of the Hispanic Federation, the Northern Manhattan Arts Alliance, Viva Broadway, and The Public Theater.Michael Rushton, professor of arts administration at Indiana University.Jeffrey Seller, Broadway producer.Richard Winkler, Broadway producer.Stacy Wolf, professor of theater at Princeton University.RESOURCES:Theater Kid: A Broadway Memoir, by Jeffrey Seller (2025).Relentless: My Story of the Latino Spirit That Is Transforming America, by Luis Miranda Jr. (2024).Beyond Broadway: The Pleasure and Promise of Musical Theatre Across America, by Stacy Wolf (2019)."âHamiltonâ Inc.: The Path to a Billion-Dollar Broadway Show," by Michael Paulson and David Gelles (New York Times, 2016)."On the Performing Arts: The Anatomy of Their Economic Problems," by W.J. Baumol and W.G. Bowen (The American Economic Review, 1965).EXTRAS:âHow to Make the Coolest Show on Broadway,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024).âYou Can Make a Killing, but Not a Living,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024). -
It has become fiendishly expensive to produce, and has more competition than ever. And yet the believers still believe. Why? And does the world really want a new musical about ... Abraham Lincoln?! (Part one of a three-part series.)
SOURCES:Christopher Ashley, artistic director of La Jolla Playhouse.Quentin Darrington, actor.Joe DiPietro, playwright and lyricist.Crystal Monee Hall, composer, singer, actor.Rocco Landesman, Broadway producer, former owner of Jujamcyn Theaters, former chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts.Alan Shorr, Broadway producer.Daniel Watts, writer, choreographer, actor.Richard Winkler, Broadway producer.RESOURCES:3 Summers of Lincoln (2025)âLive Performance Theaters in the US - Market Research Report (2014-2029),â by Grace Wood (IBISWorld, 2024). Leadership: In Turbulent Times, by Doris Kearns Goodwin (2018).Big River (1984)EXTRAS:âHow to Make the Coolest Show on Broadway,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024).âYou Can Make a Killing, but Not a Living,â by Freakonomics Radio (2024). -
Why do so many promising solutions in education, medicine, and criminal justice fail to scale up into great policy? And can a new breed of âimplementation scientistsâ crack the code?
SOURCES:Patti Chamberlain, senior research scientist at the Oregon Social Learning Center.John List, professor of economics at the University of Chicago.Lauren Supplee, former deputy chief operating officer at Child Trends.Dana L. Suskind, professor of surgery at the University of Chicago.RESOURCES:âHow Can Experiments Play a Greater Role in Public Policy? 12 Proposals from an Economic Model of Scaling,â by Omar Al-Ubaydli, John List, Claire Mackevicius, Min Sok Lee, and Dana Suskind.âThe Science of Using Science: Towards an Understanding of the Threats to Scaling Experiments,â by Omar Al-Ubaydli, John List, and Dana Suskind (The Field Experiments Website, 2019).âInconsistent Device Use in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Users: Prevalence and Risk Factors,â by K.B.Wiseman and A.D. Warner-Czyz (U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, 2018).EXTRAS:"Why Do Most Ideas Fail to Scale?" by Freakonomics Radio (2022)."The Price of Doing Business with John List," by People I (Mostly) Admire (2022).Child Trends.Oregon Social Learning Center.T.M.W. Center for Early Learning and Public Health.The Field Experiments Website. -
There is no sludgier place in America than Washington, D.C. But there are signs of a change. Weâll hear about this progress â and ask where Elon Musk and DOGE fit in. (Part two of a two-part series.)
SOURCES:Benjamin Handel, professor of economics at UC Berkeley.Neale Mahoney, professor of economics at Stanford University.Jennifer Pahlka, founder of Code for America.Richard Thaler, professor of economics at The University of Chicago.RESOURCES:"How Big Is the Subscription Cancellation Problem?" by Giacomo Fraccaroli, Neale Mahoney, and Zahra Thabet (Briefing Book, 2024).Recoding America: Why Government Is Failing in the Digital Age and How We Can Do Better, by Jennifer Pahlka (2023).Nudge: The Final Edition, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein (2021)."HealthCare.gov: Case Study of CMS Management of the Federal Marketplace," by Daniel Levinson (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016).EXTRAS:"Sludge, Part 1: The World Is Drowning in It," by Freakonomics Radio (2025). -
Insurance forms that make no sense. Subscriptions that canât be cancelled. A never-ending blizzard of automated notifications. Where does all this sludge come from â and how much is it costing us? (Part one of a two-part series.)
SOURCES:Benjamin Handel, professor of economics at UC Berkeley.Neale Mahoney, professor of economics at Stanford University.Richard Thaler, professor of economics at The University of Chicago.RESOURCES:"Selling Subscriptions," by Liran Einav, Ben Klopack, and Neale Mahoney (Stanford University, 2023)."The âEnshittificationâ of TikTok," by Cory Doctorow (WIRED, 2023)."Dominated Options in Health Insurance Plans," by Chenyuan Liu and Justin Sydnor (American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2022).Nudge (The Final Edition), by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein (2021)."Frictions or Mental Gaps: Whatâs Behind the Information We (Donât) Use and When Do We Care?" by Benjamin Handel and Joshua Schwartzstein (Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2018)."Adverse Selection and Switching Costs in Health Insurance Markets: When Nudging Hurts," by Benjamin Handel (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011).EXTRAS:"People Arenât Dumb. The World Is Hard. (Update)" by Freakonomics Radio (2024)."All You Need is Nudge," by Freakonomics Radio (2021)."How to Fix the Hot Mess of U.S. Healthcare," by Freakonomics Radio (2021)."Should We Really Behave Like Economists Say We Do?" by Freakonomics Radio (2015). - Show more