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Nikolay and Michael are joined by Gwen Shapira to discuss multi-tenant architectures — the high level options, the pros and cons of each, and how they're trying to help with Nile.
Gwen Shapira https://postgres.fm/people/gwen-shapiraNile https://www.thenile.devSaaS Tenant Isolation Strategies (AWS whitepaper) https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/saas-tenant-isolation-strategies/saas-tenant-isolation-strategies.html Row Level Security https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-rowsecurity.htmlCitus https://github.com/citusdata/citusPostgres.AI Bot https://postgres.ai/blog/20240127-postgres-ai-bot RLS Performance and Best Practices https://supabase.com/docs/guides/troubleshooting/rls-performance-and-best-practices-Z5JjwvCase Gwen mentioned about the planner thinking an optimisation was unsafe Re-engineering Postgres for Millions of Tenants (Gwen’s recent talk at PGConf.dev) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfAStGb4s88 Multi-tenant database the good, the bad, the ugly (talk by Pierre Ducroquet at PgDay Paris) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uxuPfSvTGU
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss looking at queries by mean time — when it makes sense, why ordering by a percentile (like p99) might be better, and the merits of approximating percentiles in pg_stat_statements using the standard deviation column.
Approximate the p99 of a query with pg_stat_statements (blog post by Michael) https://www.pgmustard.com/blog/approximate-the-p99-of-a-query-with-pgstatstatementspg_stat_statements https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgstatstatements.html Our episode about track_planning https://postgres.fm/episodes/pg-stat-statements-track-planning pg_stat_monitor https://github.com/percona/pg_stat_monitorstatement_timeout https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-client.html#GUC-STATEMENT-TIMEOUT
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
エピソードを見逃しましたか？
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Nikolay and Michael discuss logging in Postgres — mostly what to log, and why changing quite a few settings can pay off big time in the long term.
What to log https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHATOur episode about Auditing https://postgres.fm/episodes/auditing Our episode on auto_explain https://postgres.fm/episodes/auto_explain
Here are some links to things they mentioned:Here are the parameters they mentioned changing:
log_checkpointslog_autovacuum_min_duration log_statementlog_connections and log_disconnectionslog_lock_waitslog_temp_fileslog_min_duration_statement log_min_duration_sample and log_statement_sample_rateAnd finally, some very useful tools they meant to mention but forgot to!
https://pgpedia.infohttps://postgresqlco.nfhttps://why-upgrade.depesz.com/show?from=16.9&to=17.5~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss moving off managed services — when and why you might want to, and some tips on how for very large databases.
Patroni https://github.com/patroni/patronipgBackRest https://github.com/pgbackrest/pgbackrestWAL-G https://github.com/wal-g/wal-gHetzner Cloud https://www.hetzner.com/cloudPostgres Extensions Day https://pgext.daypg_wait_sampling https://github.com/postgrespro/pg_wait_samplingpg_stat_kcache https://github.com/powa-team/pg_stat_kcacheauto_explain https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/auto-explain.htmlFivetran https://www.fivetran.compgcopydb https://github.com/dimitri/pgcopydbKafka https://kafka.apache.orgDebezium https://debezium.iomax_slot_wal_keep_size https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-MAX-SLOT-WAL-KEEP-SIZElog_statement DDL https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-STATEMENTPgBouncer pause/resume https://www.pgbouncer.org/usage.html#pause-db
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss heavyweight locks in Postgres — how to think about them, why you can't avoid them, and some tips for minimising issues.
Locking (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/explicit-locking.htmlPostgres rocks, except when it blocks (blog post by Marco Slot) https://www.citusdata.com/blog/2018/02/15/when-postgresql-blocks/Lock Conflicts (tool by Hussein Nasser) https://pglocks.org/log_lock_waits (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-LOCK-WAITSHow to analyze heavyweight lock trees (guide by Nikolay) https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/postgresql-consulting/postgres-howtos/-/blob/main/0042_how_to_analyze_heavyweight_locks_part_2.mdLock management (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-locks.htmlOur episode on zero-downtime migrations https://postgres.fm/episodes/zero-downtime-migrations
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss ten dangerous Postgres related issues — ones that might be painful enough to get onto the CTO and even CEOs desk, and then what you can do proactively.
Heavy lock contentionBloat control and index maintenance Lightweight lock contentionTransaction ID wraparound4-byte integer PKs hitting the limitReplication limitsHard limitsData lossPoor HA choice (split brain)Corruption of various kinds
The ten issues discussed are:Some previous episodes they mentioned that cover the issues in more detail:
PgDog https://postgres.fm/episodes/pgdogPerformance cliffs https://postgres.fm/episodes/performance-cliffsZero-downtime migrations https://postgres.fm/episodes/zero-downtime-migrations Queues in Postgres https://postgres.fm/episodes/queues-in-postgresBloat https://postgres.fm/episodes/bloatIndex maintenance https://postgres.fm/episodes/index-maintenanceSubtransactions https://postgres.fm/episodes/subtransactionsFour million TPS https://postgres.fm/episodes/four-million-tpsTransaction ID wraparound https://postgres.fm/episodes/transaction-id-wraparoundpg_squeeze https://postgres.fm/episodes/pg_squeeze synchronous_commit https://postgres.fm/episodes/synchronous_commitManaged service support https://postgres.fm/episodes/managed-service-supportAnd finally, some other things they mentioned:
A great recent SQL Server-related podcast episode on tuning techniques https://kendralittle.com/2024/05/20/erik-darling-and-kendra-little-rate-sql-server-performance-tuning-techniques/Postgres Indexes, Partitioning and LWLock:LockManager Scalability (blog post by Jeremy Schneider) https://ardentperf.com/2024/03/03/postgres-indexes-partitioning-and-lwlocklockmanager-scalability/Do you vacuum everyday? (talk by Hannu Krosing) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JcRi8Z7rkPgpg_stat_wal https://pgpedia.info/p/pg_stat_wal.htmlThe benefit of lz4 and zstd for Postgres WAL compression (Small Datum blog, Mark Callaghan) https://smalldatum.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-benefit-of-lz4-and-zstd-for.htmlSplit-brain in case of network partition (CloudNativePG issue/discussion) https://github.com/cloudnative-pg/cloudnative-pg/discussions/7462
~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss synchronous_commit — what it means on single node setups, for synchronous replication setups, and the pros and cons of the different options for each.
synchronous_commit https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-SYNCHRONOUS-COMMITsynchronous_commit history on pgPedia https://pgpedia.info/s/synchronous_commit.htmlPatroni’s maximum_lag_on_failover setting https://patroni.readthedocs.io/en/master/replication_modes.html#asynchronous-mode-durabilitywal_writer_delay https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-WAL-WRITER-DELAYSelective asynchronous commits in PostgreSQL - balancing durability and performance (blog post by Shayon Mukherjee) https://www.shayon.dev/post/2025/75/selective-asynchronous-commits-in-postgresql-balancing-durability-and-performance/Asynchronous Commit https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/wal-async-commit.htmlsynchronous_standby_names https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-SYNCHRONOUS-STANDBY-NAMESJepson article about Amazon RDS multi-AZ clusters (by Kyle Kingsbury, aka "Aphyr”) https://jepsen.io/analyses/amazon-rds-for-postgresql-17.4
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss managed service support — some tips on how to handle cases that aren't going well, tips for requesting features, whether to factor in support when choosing service provider, and whether to use one at all.
YugabyteDB’s new upgrade framework https://www.yugabyte.com/blog/postgresql-upgrade-frameworkEpisode on Blue-green deployments https://postgres.fm/episodes/blue-green-deploymentspg_createsubscriber https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/app-pgcreatesubscriber.html
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss time-series considerations for Postgres — including when it matters, some tips for avoiding issues, performance considerations, and more.
Time series data https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_seriesTimescaleDB https://github.com/timescale/timescaledb13 Tips to Improve PostgreSQL Insert Performance https://www.timescale.com/blog/13-tips-to-improve-postgresql-insert-performanceWhy we're leaving the cloud (37 Signals / Basecamp / David Heinemeier Hansson) https://world.hey.com/dhh/why-we-re-leaving-the-cloud-654b47e0UUID v7 and partitioning (“how to” by Nikolay) https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/postgresql-consulting/postgres-howtos/-/blob/main/0065_uuid_v7_and_partitioning_timescaledb.mdpg_cron https://github.com/citusdata/pg_cronpg_partman https://github.com/pgpartman/pg_partmanOur episode on BRIN indexes https://postgres.fm/episodes/brin-indexesTutorial from Citus (Andres Freund and Marco Slot) including rollups https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ybz6zuXCPoIoT with PostgreSQL (talk by Chris Ellis) https://youtube.com/watch?v=KnUoDBGv4aw&t=58pg_timeseries https://github.com/tembo-io/pg_timeseriesDuckDB https://duckdb.org
Here are some links to things they mentioned:
~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael are joined by Tomas Vondra to discuss single query performance cliffs — what they are, why they happen, some things we can do to make them less likely or less severe, and some potential improvements to Postgres that could help.
Tomas Vondra https://postgres.fm/people/tomas-vondraWhere do performance cliffs come from? (Talk by Tomas) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UzdAelm-QSYWhere do performance cliffs come from? (Slides) https://vondra.me/pdf/performance-cliffs-posette-2024.pdfIncrease the number of fast-path lock slots (committed for Postgres 18) https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/E1ss4gX-000IvX-63%40gemulon.postgresql.org San Francisco Bay Area Postgres meet-up with Tomas on 8th April (online) https://www.meetup.com/postgresql-1/events/306484787Our episode on Extended Statistics https://postgres.fm/episodes/extended-statisticsLogging plan of the currently running query (proposed patch by Rafael Thofehrn Castro and Atsushi Torikoshi) https://commitfest.postgresql.org/patch/5330Our episode with Peter Geoghegan on Skip Scan https://postgres.fm/episodes/skip-scanIndex Prefetching patch that Tomas is collaborating with Peter Geoghegan on https://commitfest.postgresql.org/patch/4351A generalized join algorithm, G-Join (paper by Goetz Graefe) https://dl.gi.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/ce8e3fab-0bac-45fc-a6d4-66edaa52d574/content Smooth Scan: Robust Access Path Selection without Cardinality Estimation (paper by R. Borovica, S. Idreos, A. Ailamaki, M. Zukowski, C. Fraser) https://stratos.seas.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum4611/files/stratos/files/smoothscan.pdfJust-in-Time Compilation (JIT) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/jit.htmlNotes from a pgconf.dev unconference session in 2024 about JIT (discusses issues) https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/PGConf.dev_2024_Developer_Unconference#JIT_compilationImplementing an alternative JIT provider for PostgreSQL (by Xing Guo) https://higuoxing.com/archives/implementing-jit-provider-for-pgsqlTomas’ Office Hours https://vondra.me/posts/office-hours-experiment
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael are joined by Lev Kokotov to discuss PgDog — including whether or when sharding is needed, the origin story (via PgCat), what's already supported, and what's coming next.
Lev Kokotov https://postgres.fm/people/lev-kokotovPgDog https://github.com/pgdogdev/pgdogPgCat https://github.com/postgresml/pgcatAdopting PgCat (Instacart blog post) https://www.instacart.com/company/how-its-made/adopting-pgcat-a-nextgen-postgres-proxyPgDog discussion on Hacker News https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43364668Citus https://github.com/citusdata/citusSharding & IDs at Instagram (blog post) https://instagram-engineering.com/sharding-ids-at-instagram-1cf5a71e5a5cSharding pgvector (blog post by Lev) https://pgdog.dev/blog/sharding-pgvector
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay talks Michael through using cloud snapshots — how they can be used to reduce RTO for huge Postgres setups, also to improve provisioning time, and some major catches to be aware of.
Snapshots on RDS https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_CreateSnapshot.htmlpgBackRest https://pgbackrest.orgWAL-G https://github.com/wal-g/wal-gpg_backup_start and pg_backup_stop (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP How to troubleshoot long Postgres startup (by Nikolay) https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/postgresql-consulting/postgres-howtos/-/blob/main/0003_how_to_troubleshoot_long_startup.mdRestoring to a DB instance (RDS docs mentioning lazy loading) https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_RestoreFromSnapshot.html Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ebs/latest/userguide/ebs-fast-snapshot-restore.htmlOur 100th episode “To 100TB, and beyond!” https://postgres.fm/episodes/to-100tb-and-beyond
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss GIN indexes in Postgres — what they are, what they're used for, and some limitations to be aware of.
GIN Indexes https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/gin.htmlGeneralized Search Trees for Database Systems (Hellerstein, Naughton, Pfeffer) https://dsf.berkeley.edu/papers/vldb95-gist.pdf RUM extension https://pgxn.org/dist/rum/1.1.0/Understanding Postgres GIN Indexes: The Good and the Bad (Lukas Fittl) https://pganalyze.com/blog/gin-index
Here are some links to things they mentioned:
~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael use a recent "best practices" article as a prompt — giving a few tips each on the topics mentioned, like schema design, performance, backups, and more.
7 Crucial PostgreSQL Best Practices (recent blog post) https://speakdatascience.com/postgresql-best-practices“Don't do this” episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/dont-do-thisArticle discussion on Hacker News https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42992913Mozilla’s SQL Style Guide https://docs.telemetry.mozilla.org/concepts/sql_style“SQL vs NoSQL” episode with Franck Pachot https://postgres.fm/episodes/sql-vs-nosqlHA episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/high-availability
Here are some links to things they mentioned:
~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss the CREATE STATISTICS feature in Postgres — what it's for, how often it's used, and how to spot cases where it would help.
CREATE STATISTICS https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createstatistics.htmlcitext https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/citext.htmlStatistics Used by the Planner https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/planner-stats.htmldefault_statistics_target https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-query.html#GUC-DEFAULT-STATISTICS-TARGETTomáš Vondra on Postgres TV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8la-OWfD3VIRecent commit to Postgres 18 for pg_upgrade https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=1fd1bd871012732e3c6c482667d2f2c56f1a9395Multivariate Statistics Examples https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/multivariate-statistics-examples.htmlExtended statistics (README) https://github.com/postgres/postgres/blob/master/src/backend/statistics/READMEHow we used Postgres extended statistics to achieve a 3000x speedup (blog post by Jared Rulison) https://build.affinity.co/how-we-used-postgres-extended-statistics-to-achieve-a-3000x-speedup-ea93d3dcdc61
Here are some links to things they mentioned:
~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael are joined by Franck Pachot to discuss SQL vs NoSQL — did Franck change teams by joining MongoDB, normalisation vs denormalisation, developer experience, NULLs, and more!
Franck Pachot https://postgres.fm/people/franck-pachotFranck's workshop at PGConf India https://pgconf.in/conferences/pgconfin2025/program/proposals/958 PostgreSQL Conference Germany https://2025.pgconf.de"Schema Later" Considered Harmful by Michael Stonebraker and Álvaro Hernández https://www.enterprisedb.com/blog/schema-later-considered-harmfulComparison of JOINS by Michael Stonebraker and Álvaro Hernández https://www.enterprisedb.com/blog/comparison-joins-mongodb-vs-postgresql Franck’s post about why he joined MongoDB https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/2025-im-joining-mongodb-franck-pachot-e4shfEdgeDB https://www.edgedb.comNikolay’s tweet about a recent issue with NULLs https://x.com/samokhvalov/status/1889078097124999272PartiQL https://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/ql-reference.htmlFerretDB https://www.ferretdb.comDocumentDB https://github.com/microsoft/documentdb
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael return to the topic of BUFFERS for the third (and final?) time! They discuss the news that it'll be on by default with EXPLAIN ANALYZE in Postgres 18, and what effect that might have.
Our first BUFFERS episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-by-defaultOur second BUFFERS episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-ii-the-sequelBUFFERS enabled for EXPLAIN ANALYZE by default (commit for Postgres 18) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=c2a4078ebad71999dd451ae7d4358be3c9290b07https://explain.depesz.com/historyLatency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know https://gist.github.com/jboner/2841832Twitter conversation about flushing caches https://x.com/prochazkafilip/status/1881655337499205736pg_buffercache_evict https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgbuffercache.html#PGBUFFERCACHE-PG-BUFFERCACHE-EVICTHow to compare the quality of SQL query plans (blog post by Andrei Lepikhov) https://danolivo.substack.com/p/whose-optimisation-is-betterWe were added as PostgreSQL Contributors! https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/new-postgresql-contributors-3006
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss a couple of surprising ways read queries (selects) can cause writes (shared buffers dirtied) in Postgres.
Reads causing writes in Postgres (post by Alex Jesipow) https://jesipow.com/blog/postgres-reads-cause-writes/Exploring how SELECT queries can produce disk writes (post by Nikolay Sivko) https://blog.okmeter.io/postgresql-exploring-how-select-queries-can-produce-disk-writes-f36c8bee6b6f Hint Bits (wiki) https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Hint_Bitspg_stat_statements https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgstatstatements.html pg_stat_kcache https://github.com/powa-team/pg_stat_kcache pg_wait_sampling https://github.com/postgrespro/pg_wait_sampling BUFFERS by default (episode 4!) https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-by-default Page layout (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/storage-page-layout.html From Reddit (user merlinm), PD_ALL_VISIBLE may be a third case https://www.reddit.com/r/PostgreSQL/comments/1hjuyfn/comment/m3e6e7v/ Coroot https://coroot.com/
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Nikolay and Michael discuss adding constraints in an online fashion, using NOT VALID and then VALIDATE CONSTRAINT.
ADD table_constraint NOT VALID https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html#SQL-ALTERTABLE-DESC-ADD-TABLE-CONSTRAINTOur episode on zero-downtime migrations https://postgres.fm/episodes/zero-downtime-migrationsVALIDATE CONSTRAINT https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html#SQL-ALTERTABLE-DESC-VALIDATE-CONSTRAINTALTER TABLE notes https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html#SQL-ALTERTABLE-NOTESpgroll https://github.com/xataio/pgroll
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork -
Michael and Nikolay are joined by Antonín Houska to discuss pg_squeeze — what it is, how it started, some of its features, and hopes of getting the functionality into core.
Antonín Houska https://postgres.fm/people/antonin-houskapg_squeeze https://github.com/cybertec-postgresql/pg_squeezeCybertec https://www.cybertec-postgresql.compg_repack https://github.com/reorg/pg_repackIntroducing pg_squeeze (by Kaarel Moppel) https://www.cybertec-postgresql.com/en/introducing-pg_squeeze-a-postgresql-extension-to-auto-rebuild-bloated-tablespg_squeeze is included in the PostgreSQL APT packages https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Aptpg_squeeze is included in the PostgreSQL Yum packages https://yum.postgresql.orgpg_rewrite https://github.com/cybertec-postgresql/pg_rewriteVACUUM FULL / CLUSTER CONCURRENTLY patch https://commitfest.postgresql.org/51/5117
Here are some links to things they mentioned:~~~
What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!
~~~Postgres FM is produced by:
Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith special thanks to:
Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork - もっと表示する
