Episoder
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Host: David Riedman, creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database.
Guest: Shea Swauger is a PhD student in Education and Critical Studies at the University of Colorado Denver. He researches social factors that influence school shootings and gun policy.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
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This is not a ârealâ podcast in the traditional sense of the word. Google has a new AI tool called Notebook LM creates podcasts from text articles. I didnât write the script. The voices you hear are completely generated by Googleâs language models.
The botcast is based on my article: School Shootings: Issue Attention Cycle & Law of Unintended Consequences
My article argues that the public's attention to school shootings is a cyclical pattern: intense focus in the immediate aftermath of an event, followed by a decline in interest. This cycle often leads to hastily implemented policies that fail to address the issue effectively and can even have unintended negative consequences.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
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Host: David Riedman, creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Brian Williams, author of âThe Bodies Keep Coming: Dispatches from a Black Trauma Surgeon on Racism, Violence, and How We Healâ
As a Harvard-trained physician, Williams learned to keep his head down and his scalpel ready. As a Black man, he learned to swallow the rage when patients told him to take out the trash. Just days after the tragic police shootings of two Black men, Williams tried to save the lives of police officers shot in Dallas in the deadliest incident for US law enforcement since 9/11. Thrust into the spotlight in a nation that loves feel-good stories about heroism more than hard truths about racism, Williams came to rethink everything he thought he knew about medicine, injustice, and what true healing looks like.
During this episode we discussed:
* Preventing gun violence at every level (home, community, local government, state government, and federal policy).
* Progress already made to reduce gun injuries and deaths including targeted violence, indiscriminate shootings, domestic violence, suicides, and accidents.
* What Dr. Williams would do if/when he is appointed Surgeon General of the United States.
* Importance of voting in state and local elections because laws requiring safe storage of firearms, gun permits and safety training, background checks, waiting periods, and allowing/prohibiting people from carrying guns in public places or having loaded guns inside vehicles have profound impacts on the rate of gun violence in a community.
* A true American patriot who wants to protect their family and community should be storing every gun they own inside a locked safe at all times.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
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Host: Mother of It All parenting podcast (Miranda Rake and Sarah Wheeler)
Guest: Me (David Riedman)
No one wants to think about school shootings. But nearly every day in our country, a gun is fired on a campus. Often, when that happens, entire student bodies are then traumatized by spending hours in lockdown. David Riedman of the K-12 school shooting database â an unparalleled collection of data about school shootings that has been used as a resource by publications like The Economist and New York Times, as well as organizations like the FBIâ joins Sarah and Miranda to talk about the thing none of us want to talk about but that we absolutely must: American schoolâs gun violence problem.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
This is not a ârealâ podcast in the traditional sense of the word. Google has a new Artificial Intelligence tool called Notebook LM that allows users to feed it written data, which it will then turn into a podcast. The voices you hear are completely generated by Googleâs language models.
I created the content that went into this âpodcastâ (see: School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports), but I didnât decide what the key points or topics would be. This is worth listening to because the AI hosts do a good job of summarizing ~25,000 words from a dozen different articles. Itâs also mind blowing how natural most of the conversation sounds. There arenât any hallucinations where the AI makes up info because everything comes from my writing.
Please leave comments and let me know what you think.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
By several measures, 2024 is on course to be one of the worst ever in terms of gun violence on school campuses. My guest this episode to discuss these tragic incidents is David Riedman. David is the founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database, arguably the most complete accounting of school shootings in the United States. As you will hear, David's own analysis of the data has revealed some chilling findings that suggest that many schoolsâ prevention efforts and active shooter plans are, at best, inadequate and ill-informed, and, at worst, making students more vulnerable.
Talking About Kids is a weekly podcast for parents, educators, and direct service providers that explores the latest information on issues impacting children and adolescents, from preventing bullying to unlocking creativity. Hosted by me - R. Bradley Snyder, author of The 5 Simple Truths of Raising Kids - each episode presents a new topic and introduces listeners to authors, academics, and visionaries from around the globe.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Tahir Rahman, Forensic Psychologist and Associate Professor of Psychiatry at Washington University in St. Louis.
Book: Extreme Overvalued Beliefs: Clinical and Forensic Psychiatric Dimensions
Article: School Shooters: Recognizing Extreme Overvalued Beliefs (Forensic Psychology). Non-delusional, rigidly held beliefs motivate most school shooters.
Key points:
* School shooters are driven by ideology not severe mental illness.
* Lockdown drills are âdress rehearsalsâ where a vulnerable student with extreme overvalued beliefs gets to experience what committing a school shooting would be like.
* School shootings are rooted in ideologiesâextreme overvalued beliefsâthat promote hate and violence. Children need to be taught about radicalization to avoid it and the Body Project for eating disorder education is a model.
* Peer education and student involvement in interventions is essential to identify a student who is becoming radicalized and fixating on extreme overvalued beliefs.
* Policymakers and federal officials need to identify and eliminate the online communities that allow children and teens to engage with violent, fringe sub-cultures (e.g., private Discord groups dedicated to school shootings).
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
This episode was recorded with Devin and Caitlin from GVPedia. The recording is also available as GVPediaExplains Episode 26: Interview with David Riedman of the K-12 School Shooting Database
YouTube version:
GVPedia arms policymakers, advocates, and the public with facts and data to create evidence-based policy to reduce gun violence. GVPedia started as a project to provide ready access to academic research and high quality data on gun violence.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my weekly podcastâBack to School Shootingsâor my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
The 14-year-old kid was not a monster until the second that he pulled the trigger inside Apalachee High killing 2 classmates, 2 teachers, and wounding at least 9 others. For at least a year prior to the attack, this kid cried for help and was ignored by police, teachers, school administrators, community members, and his own family. Committing a school shooting is a final act of violent public suicide when a kid feels like society has forgotten him (or her) and there is no other option.
These are not excuses that justify a school shooting. To prevent the next attack, we need to understand why they happen and take meaningful action to stop them.
Host: David Riedman
Guest: Aaron Stark, father, mental wellness advocate, and someone who wants to show love to the kids who are dirty, homeless, abused, alone, and forgotten by society
TED Talk (41 million views): I Was Almost A School Shooter | Aaron Stark
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Every school shootingâthe latest at Apalachee High in Georgiaâis the culmination of a long chain of failures as parents, police, and school officials all missed their chances to act on overt warnings. Could analyzing and studying the information within the K-12 School Shooting Database be the key to stopping them?
From Freakonomics Radio+ episode: The Only Person That Tracks Every U.S. School Shooting
This was only the first half of my interview.
If you want to listen to this entire bonus episode of Freakonomics Radio, itâs available through the SiriusXM Podcasts+ subscription offering on Apple Podcasts. To get Plus episodes, you can sign up for SiriusXM Podcasts+ on Apple Podcasts here.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on New England Journal of Medicine and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Matt Nobles, Criminologist and Methodologist, University of Central Florida
* All research projects start with finding data or evidence, and then applying a research methodology to answer the question.
* Federal crime data is incomplete, published ~2 years after crimes occur, and doesnât add up when multiple sources are cross-referenced.
* Before 2000, there wasnât a federal mandate for colleges and universities to report crimes on campus. Dr. Noblesâ first major research project was analyzing unreported sexual assaults on campus.
* There is not a Higher Education School Shooting Database because itâs very hard to define the boundaries of a university campus (e.g., is a shooting during college nightâspecifically targeting college studentsâat a bar next to campus a higher ed school shooting?)
* Without standardization of crime data, we donât know the characteristics of crimes, we canât measure the impacts, we donât know if rates are going up/down, and we canât develop useful public policy.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Jason Koele, Missouri middle school principal
Dissertation: Differences Between Missouri K-12 Educator Perceptions of Safety on Campuses that Allow Teachers Concealed Carry and Those That Do Not
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. David Perrodin, Professor at Viterbo University and author of School of Errors & Velocity of Information
School of Errors establishes another voice in the discussion of how to promote safe schools. It challenges the unchecked expansion of school fortification and questions the realized benefit of inter-agency collaboration during a sentinel event. This book offers an alternative to traumatizing simulations by providing clear options for improving school safety by the empirically-proven effective measures of leakage detection (preventive) and sensemaking (reactive). School of Errors restores the scientific method to school safety and clears a path through the media rhetoric fogging this vital topic.
Purchase School of Errors: Rethinking School Safety in America (2019) for special price of $5.99 this month for listeners of this podcast.
* Digital book on Spotify
* Barnes & Noble
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Ken Trump is the President of National School Safety and Security Services, a Cleveland-based national consulting firm specializing in school security and emergency preparedness training
In this episode we discussed:
* Evolution of school security during the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020sâall time periods that Dr. Trump has been working inside k-12 schools.
* Landscape of school safety is not just deliberate school shootings. School safety includes fires, natural disasters, riots, fights, gangs, drugs, weapons, rapes, sexual assaults, and kidnappings.
* The 1989 attack at Cleveland Elementary School in Stockton, CA was the most legislatively impactful school shooting in history because it drove Californiaâs state assault weapons ban, the federal assault weapons ban, Gun Free School Zones Act of 1990, Safe School Act of 1994, and the COPS program to use federal funding to pay for local police officers in schools.
* Deliberate pre-planned school shootings primarily happen in small, rural communities where the schools have the least resources to prevent, respond, and recover from these attacks.
* School safety canât depend on federal grant funding because the grants eventually dry up and local school budgets donât have enough money to sustain police officers, guards, maintain equipment, and subscriptions for security tech.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database, Chief Data Officer at a global risk management firm, and a tenure-track professor. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman
Guest: Jon Romano, convicted school shooter and mental health advocate on TikTok
The purpose of the corrections system is to:
* Confine and separate a dangerous threat from society.
* Punish an offender for their wrong.
* Rehabilitate a person so they can re-enter society as a pro-social contributor.
Itâs the department of corrections not the department of confinement. In most states a young teenager cannot be sentenced to life in prison which means that even a convicted school shooter will return to free society.
Jon Romano was confined, punished, and rehabilitated in adult prison from age 16 to 31. He now works as an advocate for helping other depressed and suicidal teens before they go down a violent path of self-destruction.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman
Guest: Sonali Rajan, Ed.D., M.S., Associate Professor, Department of Health Studies & Applied Educational Psychology at Columbia University & President of the Research Society for the Prevention of Firearm-Related Harms
Research Paper: Protocol for a nationwide case-control study of firearm violence prevention tactics and policies in K-12 schools
Research Methods: Authors created a nationally representative dataset of schools that experienced intentional gunfire on the campus during school hours since 2015 using the K-12 School Shooting Database. Matched control schools will be randomly selected from the US Department of Education's national database of all public schools. The following study will analyze 27 school safety strategies organized into seven key exposure groupings.
Conclusion: As the first national, controlled study, its results will provide novel and needed data on the effectiveness of school safety tactics and policies in preventing intentional shootings at K-12 public schools.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database.
Guest: Dr. Benjamin P. Comer, Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice at Texas Christian University.
Paper: Definitional Discrepancies: Defining âSchool Shootingsâ and Other Incidents of Gunfire Affecting Schools
We discussed:
* How the K-12 School Shooting Databased started.
* Landscape of ~30 different info sources about school shootings from the âColumbineâs Angelsâ blog in the 1990s to anonymized government reports that omit school names.
* Definitions run amuck when the US Secret Service excludes a sniper firing 240 rounds at a school because the shooter was not on school property when the shots were fired.
* Broad data collection creates the foundation for many different projects and types of research.
* Five recommendations for reconciling the differences and using a standardized methodology for research going forward.
* If we misunderstand the baselineâ99% of shootings at schools are not mass shootingsâwe create policies designed for 1% of gun violence which are misaligned with the most common circumstances on campus.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database.
Guest: Dr. Jillian Peterson, forensic psychologist, professor, and executive director of The Violence Prevention Project Research Center.
I obtained exclusive access to the CVPA High School shooterâs manifesto from KMOVâs investigative reporting team. Last year, I narrated the documentary KMOV produced about this attack. Parts of the images are redacted because they name specific school staff members who are not aware they were targets during this school shooting.
Dr. Jillian Peterson and I discuss:
* Details of the manifesto.
* How this document is the same and different than other writings from mass shooters and school shooters.
* Reframing school shootings as âdeaths of despairâ because the perpetrators commonly exhibit severe depression, attempted suicides prior, and a desire to die during these attacks.
* Suicide prevention programs may be more effective at preventing school shootings than security and fortification.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
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Host: David Riedman, founder of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Justin Seals, school security director, school police officer, and military veteran.
We discussed:
* Justinâs career as a Navy Corpsman, Army Chaplain, patrol officer, school police officer, SRO unit supervisor, and school security director.
* How school policing has changed and evolved post-Columbine, post-Sandy Hook, post-Parkland, and post-Uvalde.
* Differences in safety and security at public schools compared to private schools.
* Systemic gun violence, gang violence, and teens who habitually carry guns every day on campus.
* Dealing with students who are armed with knives and guns in ways that doesnât risk escalating a police intervention into a shooting on campus.
* Being a role model for students, creating relationships, and being proactive in defusing conflicts.
* Mentality that a successful school police officer needs to have each day is completely different from a patrol officer working on the street.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio, New England Journal of Medicine, and my article on CNN about AI and school security.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe -
Host: David Riedman, creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database
Guest: Dr. Rodrigo Nieto GĂłmez, professor at the US Naval Postgraduate School and expert in criminal innovation, AI, and national security.
Articles referenced:
* How does OpenAI's ChatGPT-4o assess school shooting threats compared to human police officers?
* Did OpenAI create the best weapon detection software available with ChatGPT-4o?
During this episode we discussed:
* Rodrigoâs unique background being born in Mexico and educated in Paris, yet he is an expert in US national security and defense policy.
* Criminal innovation moves faster than the systems designed to stop crime.
* ChatGPT-4o turned everything upside down with an omni-model that can analyze text, audio, and images. This is 10 years ahead of where experts thought AI would be today.
* Standalone machine learning classification models (flagging guns on CCTV, hearing gunshots) are irrelevant now in the same way that paying for a voice transcription service is no longer needed.
* ChatGPT is different from any existing single-purpose software model because it has been trained with 13 trillion pieces of data. The first generation of AI school security companies are now like Kodak when affordable digital cameras hit the market.
* Unlike image classification models, ChatGPT can identify a toy gun being used in a squirt gun fight because it knows what water, toy, playing, smiling, grass, and kids all are. ChatGPT understands the entire context of the situation instead of searching for specific objects that might match training data.
* Without any special training ChatGPT analyzed school shooting threats and gave scores comparable to the aggregate scores of 240 human experts. ChatGPT performed significantly better than most of the individual police officers!
* Without being prompted, ChatGPT created a threat assessment model based on multiple factors including time, location, and specificity of the threat. ChatGPT also suggested emergency actions to take.
* When humans hallucinate (give the wrong answer), we canât really tell what happened or easily fix it. If ChatGPT gets something wrong, we can see where it went wrong and create a better prompt for the next response.
My biggest takeaway from talking to Rodrigo is that things that we thought were impossible for computers to understand are now possible, and this changes everything for the future of school security.
David Riedman is the creator of the K-12 School Shooting Database. Listen to my recent interviews on Freakonomics Radio and New England Journal of Medicine.
School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
Get full access to School Shooting Data Analysis and Reports at k12ssdb.substack.com/subscribe - Se mer
