Episodios

  • Spinnin' bases on wafers to do mostly natural SBS

    Chapters:

    - 00:00 Ultima ePCR with beads

    - 07:10 Spinning the wafer, nucleotides, no blocking

    - 14:30 Ultima ppmSeq + Element UltraQ

    - 25:30 How Element UltraQ was born

    - 30:30 snakemake, cromwell, nextflow

    - 36:50 ncRNA

    Ultimas homepage: https://www.ultimagenomics.com/

    Nature paper with the chemistry: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01452-6

    Elements UltraQ chemistry:

    https://www.elementbiosciences.com/cloudbreak-ultraq-enhanced-sequencing-accuracy-when-precision-matters-most

    Snakemake: https://snakemake.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

    Nextflow: https://www.nextflow.io/docs/latest/index.html

    Cromwell: https://cromwell.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

    Small overview of not all ncRNA types: https://microbenotes.com/types-of-rna/

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Because sometimes a jellyfish prevents quenching

    Chapters:

    01:00 - XLeap update from Illumina

    08:00 - Avidites start, splitting the problems

    13:20 - In-depth comparison to Illumina

    22:00 - Element summary

    23:30 - Bioinformatics tools: Jellyfish, KAT

    25:00 - QuickGen: GWAS

    Illumina about their XLeap: https://www.illumina.com/science/genomics-research/articles/data-quality-q-scores.html

    Sandiegomics about element: https://sandiegomics.com/element-beats-illumina-to-the-200-genome/

    Nature paper about the chemistry: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-023-01750-7

    Jellyfish for k-mer counting: https://github.com/gmarcais/Jellyfish

    GWAS Catalog: very nice data collection: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/diagram

    Correcting population-based GWAS bias: https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011242

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

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  • Because only one type of nucleotide is not complicated enough

    Chapters:

    01:35 Introducing old problems

    15:30 More Phred, more better

    34:40 QuickGen: genetic testing

    47:40 Bioinformatics tools: samtools

    PacBio ONSO Specs: https://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/Onso-specification-sheet.pdf

    SBB explained by PacBio: https://www.pacb.com/blog/sbb-sequencing/

    Why higher quality is better: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11331594/

    Short read sequencing market heating up: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01632-4

    SBB for visual learners: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_mSaNBOVmQ

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Mixing up long and cheap

    Chapters:

    00:00:00 Intro

    00:03:30 Florians history

    00:13:50 Q&A Ressources for Bioinformatics

    00:27:00 Long-read-tools.org

    00:35:42 ONT || PacBio

    00:57:00 Storage

    01:09:00 Outro

    Up-to-date, raw prices:https://albertvilella.substack.com/p/march-2024-ngsspecs-update

    Dovetail comparing the two long-read technologies:https://dovetailbiopartners.com/2023/08/10/pacbio-vs-nanopore-unraveling-the-sequencing-odyssey-in-life-sciences/

    Comparing PacBios old CLRs to ONT:https://academic.oup.com/g3journal/article/12/11/jkac192/6651842?login=true

    RNA Performance comparison, wonderful read:https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.25.550582v1.full.pdf+html

    Integras 0.02$:https://www.integra-biosciences.com/united-states/en/blog/article/short-read-vs-long-read-sequencing

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903)

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Rolling in circles to make DNA yarns

    Chapters:

    00:00 Bioinformatics Upper Crust Tools

    04:04 STAR

    05:00 MGI

    15:00 Daniels first contact

    20:00 Brief Market Overview

    22:30 Short read market

    26:00 DFG High Costs Sequencing Projects Application

    29:20 QuickGen: Introns and Exons

    35:00 Conclusion

    MGI vs Illumina: https://alitheagenomics.com/blog/how-do-rna-seq-results-compare-between-illumina-and-mgi-sequencing-platforms

    Rolling the circle: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5568012/pdf/nihms894568.pdf

    MGI vs Illumina legal case:https://www.reuters.com/technology/illumina-ordered-pay-chinese-company-333-million-gene-sequencing-patent-case-2022-05-06/

    The basics of MGIs technology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gThcHHh4R0w

    DFG Application:https://www.dfg.de/de/aktuelles/neuigkeiten-themen/info-wissenschaft/2024/ifw-24-30

    GTL/WGGC: https://www.gtl.hhu.de/wggc

    TSM link http://tsm.gtl.hhu.de/- submit your request and our colleagues will contact you

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive yourfeedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903)

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Who needs all bases anyway?

    Chapters:

    00:00 Phasing

    08:50 Not Sequencing, really

    14:00 Bionano Saphyr Chip

    26:00 Nabsys - going electric

    29:30 Tools available

    39:00 QuickGen with Iuliia: Transposons!

    Links:

    Small explainer by CAP: https://www.cap.org/member-resources/articles/optical-genome-mapping-a-tool-with-significant-potential-from-discovery-to-diagnostics

    What genome mapping can be used for: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/3/398

    Finding SVs with genome mapping: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-024-01059-x

    Bionano github repos: https://github.com/search?q=bionano&type=repositories&s=updated&o=desc

    Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com

    Since 2019, West German Genome Center https://wggc.de/ operates as the nextgeneration sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network NGS-CN https://ngs-cn.de/ – network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Multimediazentrum at Heinrich-Heine University ofDüsseldorf https://www.mmz.hhu.de/ Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility ”West German Genome Center” funded by the Ministerium für Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen https://www.mkw.nrw/land-foerdert-spitzenzentrum-fuer-genomsequenzierung-nordrhein-westfalen/

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Chapters:

    00:00 Gambling

    15:00 Bubbles

    30:00 Holes

    57:30 One more thing

    1:07:00 Finale

    1:08:00 Finale of season 1!

    Eric Chow explaining single cell sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9VFNLLQP8c

    Overview of things to consider: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWUPKrnRvoQ

    How to analyze single cell data: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HBzgsz8qyk

    A very good single cell analysis toolkit: https://satijalab.org/seurat/

    Explainer for the rough workflow:https://www.technologynetworks.com/genomics/articles/understanding-single-cell-sequencing-how-it-works-and-its-applications-357578

    Quick explainer on single cell sequencing:https://www.the-scientist.com/single-cell-sequencing-in-a-nutshell-71048

    A method-overview paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-020-00499-2

    Comparing BD Parse and 10xGenomics: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33414681/

    Pseudotime analysis: https://bioconductor.org/books/3.14/OSCA.advanced/trajectory-analysis.html

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    PS: I do not know how in the Parse approach the cells are treated to let the ligase and DNA enter each cell, but do not let RNA flow out of the cell at the same time. -DR

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Getting the most out of Machines

    Chapters:

    00:00 PhiX

    14:30 low complexity

    19:30 UMIs

    32:10 FastQC

    43:00 MultiQC

    56:40 PycoQC

    PhiX concentrations for loading a validation run:https://knowledge.illumina.com/instrumentation/general/instrumentation-general-reference_material-list/000001536

    Dnatech on why UMIs are used:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/faqs/what-are-umis-and-why-are-they-used-in-high-throughput-sequencing/

    BMH learning on UMIs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRPMsnhIBK0

    FastQC for QC of .fastq(.gz) files:https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/

    A FastQC report from a „good“ sample:https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/good_sequence_short_fastqc.html

    multiqc for summarizing QC reports: https://multiqc.info/

    UMI-tools for working with UMI data: https://umi-tools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

    pycoQC for Nanopore QC: https://github.com/a-slide/pycoQC

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor atHeinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Pushing spaghetti through holes

    Chapers:

    00:00 Intro

    11:15 Measuring Ions

    17:00 Quality

    23:00 Duplex

    24:30 MinION

    25:15 PromethION

    28:20 Methylation

    29:00 Direct RNA sequencing

    38:25 Basecalling

    46:00 Basecalling bias

    53:50 Sequencing proteins

    - Nanopore explainer: https://nanoporetech.com/applications/dna-nanopore-sequencing

    - Oxsci explaining the technology:https://oxsci.org/pore-over-this-advances-in-dna-sequencing/

    - History of Nanopore:https://www.whatisbiotechnology.org/index.php/science/summary/nanopore/nanopore-sequencing-makes-it-possible-to-decode-the

    - Shmou’s Biology explaining Nanopore sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlluAjhzXqI

    - A direct comparison of Nanopore and Illumina output:https://medresearch.umich.edu/office-research/about-office-research/biomedical-research-core-facilities/advanced-genomics-core/technologies/next-generation-sequencing

    - A nice Nanopore QC tool we use: https://hpc.nih.gov/apps/pycoQC.html

    - How a MinION looks like:https://www.whatech.com/og/markets-research/medical/658327-global-nanopore-sequencing-market-2020

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Zipping rounds in zeptoliters

    Chapters:

    00:00 Intro

    07:00 Laser

    09:00 Zeptoliters

    13:30 Polymerase speed

    19:00 Error rate

    22:00 SMRT Cell

    25:45 ccs

    30:00 Fragment size

    34:30 Megaruptor

    38:20 Data flow

    47:00 SVs

    53:00 MAS Seq

    - Starter: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-021-00824-3

    - Karobben on PacBio sequencing: https://karobben.github.io/2023/10/30/Bioinfor/PacBio/

    - bioinformticamente explaining the technology:https://bioinformaticamente.com/2020/12/05/pacbio-sequencing/

    - Basic Biochem explainer of SMRT sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2gUmRf-K1c

    - Genomics Lab explaining it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRhUSjhygDU

    - PacBio explaining BAM Tags: https://pacbiofileformats.readthedocs.io/en/13.0/BAM.html

    - Megaruptor3 explainer (how we make the right sized fragments) :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVhqnkQL8zo

    - How we select the right sized fragments: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A25C8xfBbq8

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Glued DNA bridges and rainbow clusters

    Chapters:

    00:00-Flowcells

    03:40-DNA glued to glass

    09:00-Bridge amplification

    15:50-Cluster density and patterned Flowcells

    28:30-Illumina SBS summary

    30:30-Limits

    33:00-Multiplexing and Demultiplexing

    - enseqlopedia on patterned vs unpatterned flowcell:http://enseqlopedia.com/2016/01/almost-everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-illumina-hiseq-4000-and-some-stuff-you-didnt/

    - ClevaLabs on Illumina sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKAUtJQ69n8

    - Yourgenome on how the Illumina workflow works:https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-the-illumina-method-of-dna-sequencing/

    - DNATech comparing Illumina Machines:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/illumina-high-throughput-sequencing/

    - iBiology on sample preparation for Illumina sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFwSe09dJX0

    - StatQuest on how to use Illumina sequencing for RNA analysis:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlf6wYJrwKY

    - Illumina Flowcell and sequencing machines pictures:https://www.illumina.com/company/news-center/multimedia-images.html

    - Nice explainer about paired-end sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVrmfLXJRGM

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    Clarification: Each Flowcell on the Illumina platform has 1-8channels, each channel can be filled with multiple different samples- DR

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Colour mixing in PHRED space

    Chapters:

    00:00 Nucleotides level 2

    09:00 Cycles

    12:00 Not-so-wobbly mutations

    15:30 Reducing colourspace

    22:30 Cutting connections

    28:14 Costs and PHRED

    - ClevaLabs on Illumina sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKAUtJQ69n8

    - Yourgenome on how the Illumina workflow works:https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-the-illumina-method-of-dna-sequencing/

    - DNATech comparing Illumina Machines:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/illumina-high-throughput-sequencing/

    - iBiology on sample preparation for Illumina sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFwSe09dJX0

    - StatQuest on how to use Illumina sequencing for RNA analysis:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlf6wYJrwKY

    - Illumina Flowcell and sequencing machines pictures:https://www.illumina.com/company/news-center/multimedia-images.html

    - Nice explainer about paired-end sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVrmfLXJRGM

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    CORRECTION: On the Illumina 1-channel chemistry, one base signal gets added, one removed at the enzymatic step: so that's one signal that stays, one that disappears, one that comes to shine and one that never shines. - DR

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Iuliia killed the stripey cat

    Chapters:

    00:00 Intro

    00:04:44 Stripes

    00:11:40 Sanger with colors

    00:17:20 CATCATCAT...

    00:33:20 Planes

    00:38:15 Genome assembly

    00:40:00 Transcriptomics

    01:01:00 Hi-C

    Why women are stripey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BD6h-wDj7bw

    Future-science about str profiling: https://www.future-science.com/doi/10.2144/000112582

    Mark Santucci explaining str profiles: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eg3gH2wmAW8

    NIJ explaining the theory for beginners:https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/what-str-analysis

    MIT on genome assembly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYW2AeDE6wU

    Fundamentals of genome assembly by Bioinformatics DotCa:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wvGapmA5zM

    Genome assembly tips from F1000Research:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5850084/

    CD Genomics explaining some genome assembly metrics:https://www.cd-genomics.com/an-overview-of-genome-assembly.html

    Geneticeducation giving an intro to transcriptomics:https://geneticeducation.co.in/what-is-transcriptomics/

    A slideshare explaining transcriptomics:https://www.slideshare.net/divyasrivastava17/transcriptome-analysis

    How to create a volcano plot in R:https://training.galaxyproject.org/training-material/topics/transcriptomics/tutorials/rna-seq-viz-with-volcanoplot-r/tutorial.html

    Bioinformatic walk-through by the galaxy project with a typical RNA-Seq experiment:https://training.galaxyproject.org/training-material/topics/transcriptomics/tutorials/rna-seq-counts-to-genes/tutorial.html

    RNA splicing explained by arpan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJQv1H-2IoI

    khanacademy on RNA processing:https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/transcription-and-rna-processing/a/eukaryotic-pre-mrna-processing

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor atHeinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf(https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No.407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • H+ ions and where we can find them

    Chapters:

    00:00 Intro

    04:26 pH

    08:04 DNA Polymerase reaction with H+

    12:30 Nucleotides

    16:30 Homopolymer problem, but different

    19:30 PCR is mean to some bases

    24:30 AmpliSeq

    33:40 Today’s status

    38:58 cfDNA

    40:00 PHRED vs Qscore

    44:59 Chip scaling and prices

    51:00 Outro

    - bitesizedbio on the technology:https://bitesizebio.com/27399/all-in-the-chip-ion-torrent-sequencers/

    - Quick explainer from Basic Biochem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMUnN2Y48Us

    - Slideshow giving an overview:https://www.slideshare.net/USDBioinformatics/ion-torrent-sequencing

    - biobinge explaining Iontorrent sequencing:https://biobinge.pubpub.org/pub/its/release/1

    - rna-seqblog showing a comparison to Illumina:https://www.rna-seqblog.com/a-comparison-of-illumina-and-ion-torrent-sequencing-platforms-and-the-winner-is/

    - Explainer by Shomu’s Biology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ch5189aaCU

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • If ligation is more your thing

    - Special Operations explaining SOLiD Sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLT-DUeaLms

    - Writeup by the Apollo Institute on SOLiD Sequencing: https://apollo-institute.org/solid-sequencing/

    - Quick run-through video by ABI: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlvyF8bFDwM

    - Ars technica about the technology:https://arstechnica.com/science/2009/12/dna-sequencing-gets-solid-with-built-in-error-detection/

    - atdbio explaining SOLiD sequencing:https://atdbio.com/nucleic-acids-book/Next-generation-sequencing#Sequencing-by-ligation-SOLiD

    - Biogene Blog on SOLiD sequencers:https://www.creative-biogene.com/blog/index.php/2017/02/22/the-next-generation-sequencing-platform-of-abi-company/

    Chapters:

    00:00 Intro

    02:45 Ligation

    06:50 Getting hairy balls

    20:00 Bead 1 with DNA polonies

    23:30 6 Base Jokers

    24:00 2-Base encoding colours

    29:15 Offsets and holes

    35:00 Randomness and barcodes

    37:25 Chemistry summary

    40:30 Homopolymers are not the problem

    46:30 SOLiDs fate

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Iuliia and Daniel have fun with salt water and alcohol

    Chapters:

    00:00:00 DIY DNA isolation

    00:15:38 Directed evolution of Enzymes

    DNA isolation in your kitchen

    - Experiment during the episode: https://www.instructables.com/How-to-Extract-Your-Own-DNA-Using-Household-Kitche/

    - Another protocol with the same approach: https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/article/how-to-extract-dna-at-home/

    - Extract DNA from a strawberry: https://www.popsci.com/diy/diy-science-project-strawberrry-dna/

    - Banana DNA extraction: https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna

    BONUS:

    Directed, artifical evolution of enzymes:

    - Where it comes from:https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/arnold/facts/

    - Chemistryworld about the idea:https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/what-is-directed-evolution-and-why-did-it-win-the-chemistry-nobel-prize/3009584.article

    - A few of many results of this method: https://pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/228

    - MIT News about adding robots to this:https://news.mit.edu/2021/robotic-directed-evolution-molecules-1230

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

  • Daniel and Iuliia are confused about fireflies

    - Scientific american on how fireflies create light:https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-and-why-do-fireflies/

    - A small breakdown of a typical Pyrosequencing workflow:https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/What-is-Pyrosequencing.aspx

    - Biology-pages on Pyrosequencing: https://www.biology-pages.info/P/Pyrosequencing.html

    - Biotechfront on Pyrosequencing:https://www.biotechfront.com/2021/04/pyrosequencing-principle-and-steps.html

    - Shomu's Biology on Pyrosequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=he6kJStE2zs

    - Quick Biochemistry Basics explaining the method:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wY8to-_zAEo

    - Bionity on Pyrosequencing:https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/454_Life_Sciences.html

    Chapters:

    00:00 Intro

    03:00 Fireflies

    04:00 Energy

    06:00 Luciferase Reaction

    11:00 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTT...T?

    14:00 microwell Plates

    18:00 Pyrosequencing

    25:00 Storage & Price

    30:00 Teaser

    31:00 Pyro?

    34:00 Outro

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation SequencingCompetence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive yourfeedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at the Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/

  • Iuliia is confused about RNA and Daniel doesn’t know the size of a DNA nucleotide

    Chapters:

    00:00-Intro

    02:00-DNA

    08:27-Enzymes

    13:05-RNAs, tRNAs

    16:18-mRNAs, µRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs

    21:35-Wobble

    23:30-PCR

    33:20-Sanger sequencing I

    36:30-Gel electrophoresis

    40:00-Sanger sequencing II

    53:10-Teaser next Episode, Outro

    Topics:

    DNA, RNA, Protein, PCR, Gel Electrophoresis, Sanger Sequencing

    - The Royal Institution on the DNA Discovery: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_w2453iom9s

    - The discovery of DNA on science history: https://sciencehistory.org/education/scientific-biographies/james-watson-francis-crick-maurice-wilkins-and-rosalind-franklin/

    - The New York Times on Franklins’ part: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/25/science/rosalind-franklin-dna.html

    - Wikipedias article on Proteins with history: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

    - Jrank on RNA: https://science.jrank.org/pages/5871/Ribonucleic-Acid-RNA-discovery-RNA.html

    - Microbe Notes showing the central dogma of molecular biology: https://microbenotes.com/central-dogma-replication-transcription-translation/

    - ThoughtCo on RNA and DNA: https://www.thoughtco.com/dna-versus-rna-608191

    - khanacademy explainers on PCR and Gel electrophoresis: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/biotechnology/a/polymerase-chain-reaction-pcr

    - Amoeba Sisters on PCR: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5jmdh9AnS4

    - Promega explaining Sanger sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVRB4CaLizc

    - Microbe online’s writeup on Sanger sequencing: https://microbeonline.com/dna-sequencing-sanger-sequencing-method/

    - LibreTextsBiology on Proteins and Enzymes: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book%3A_General_Biology_(Boundless)/03%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/3.07%3A_Proteins_-_Types_and_Functions_of_Proteins

    - excedr on Taq Polymerase and PCR: https://www.excedr.com/resources/taq-polymerase-what-is-it-and-what-does-it-do/

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

    Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

    P.S.: One DNA nucleotide is ~0.34 nanometers in „length“ - DR

    License Notice

    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:

    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

    Website: ⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/

  • The Explain Podcast hosts are bioinformatician Daniel and scientific coordinator Iuliia.

    We aim to EXPLAIN key next generation sequencing techniques and how these techniques contribute to our everyday life. The Podcast Explain is for everyone interested in DNA/RNA sequencing or technology in general.

    As Iuliia doesn't have a solid background in sequencing, she keeps asking "simple" - even silly at times - questions and Daniel gives his best to make us understand.

    Since 2018, West German Genome Center (WGGC) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics&transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

    Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com).

    The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf. Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by DFG (No. 407493903).

    License Notice
    This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

    Attribution:
    Podcast Title: Explain Podcast
    Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert
    Website: https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/