Episodi
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Climate modeler Aditi Sheshadri says that while weather forecasting and climate projection are based on similar science, they are very different disciplines. Forecasting is about looking at next week, while projection is about looking at the next century. Sheshadri tells host Russ Altman how new data and techniques, like low-cost high-altitude balloons and AI, are reshaping the future of climate projection on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest Aditi Sheshadri, a professor of Earth systems science at Stanford University.
(00:02:58) Climate Projection vs. Weather Forecasting
The differences between climate projection and weather forecasting.
(00:04:58) The Window of Chaos
The concept of the "window of chaos" in climate modeling.
(00:06:11) Scale of Climate Models
The limitations and scale of climate model boxes.
(00:08:19) Computational Constraints
Computational limitations on grid size and time steps in climate modeling.
(00:10:56) Parameters in Climate Modeling
Essential parameters measured, such as density, temperature, and water vapor.
(00:12:18) Oceans in Climate Models
The role of oceans in climate modeling and their integration into projections.
(00:14:35) Atmospheric Gravity Waves
Atmospheric gravity waves and their impact on weather patterns.
(00:18:51) Polar Vortex and Cyclones
Research on the polar vortex and on tropical cyclone frequency.
(00:21:53) Climate Research and Public Awareness
Communicating climate model findings to relevant audiences.
(00:23:33) New Data Sources
How unexpected data from a Google project aids climate research,
(00:25:09) Geoengineering Considerations
Geoengineering and the need for thorough modeling before intervention.
(00:28:19) Conclusion
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Halloween may be behind us in the US but here at The Future of Everything we’re not quite done with spooky season. If you’re pairing your trick-or-treat haul with some scary movies, we invite you to revisit with us a conversation Russ had with Lawrence Wein a couple years ago about the work he’s doing in forensic genetic genealogy to crack cold cases. Professor Wein shares how he’s using math to catch criminals through traces of their DNA. It’s both haunting and hopeful, and we hope you’ll take another listen.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest Lawrence Wein, professor of management science at Stanford University.
(00:02:18) Forensic Genealogy Explained
Forensic genetic genealogy and its impact on solving unsolved crimes.
(00:04:31) Third-Party Databases in Genealogy
Insight into databases that allow law enforcement to search for criminal suspects.
(00:08:23) Math Models in Genealogy
Using mathematical models to streamline genealogy work.
(00:11:31) Components of the Genealogy Algorithm
The algorithm's methods, including ascending and descending family trees.
(00:14:12) Algorithm Efficiency and Comparison
Comparing the new algorithm's effectiveness to traditional genealogy strategies.
(00:16:53) Algorithm in Practice
Role of human input alongside the mathematical algorithm in genealogy cases.
(00:20:42) Role of Genealogists
Genealogists’ insights on balancing human skill and mathematical algorithms.
(00:22:45) DNA Databases and Ethics
The ethical and privacy concerns related to using genetic data.
(00:27:01) Background and Interest in Forensic Genealogy
Lawrence’s journey from operations management to forensic genealogy.
(00:30:16) Conclusion
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Episodi mancanti?
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Returning guest Marco Pavone is an expert in autonomous robotic systems, such as self-driving cars and autonomous space robots. He says that there have been major advances since his last appearance on the show seven years ago, mostly driven by leaps in artificial intelligence. He tells host Russ Altman all about the challenges and progress of autonomy on Earth and in space in this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest Marco Pavone, a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at Stanford.
(00:02:37) Autonomous Systems in Everyday Life
Advancements in the real-world applications of autonomous systems.
(00:03:51) Evolution of Self-Driving Technologies
The shift from fully autonomous cars to advanced driver assistance systems.
(00:06:36) Public Perception of Autonomous Vehicles
How people react to and accept autonomous vehicles in everyday life.
(00:07:49) AI’s and Autonomous Driving
The impact of AI advancements on autonomous driving performance.
(00:09:52) Simulating Edge Cases for Safety
Using AI to simulate rare driving events to improve safety and training.
(00:12:04) Autonomous Vehicle Communication
Communication challenges between autonomous vehicles and infrastructure.
(00:15:24) Risk-Averse Planning in Autonomous Systems
How risk-averse planning ensures safety in autonomous vehicles.
(00:18:43) Autonomous Systems in Space
The role of autonomous robots in space exploration and lunar missions.
(00:22:47) Space Debris and Collision Avoidance
The challenges of space debris and collision avoidance with autonomous systems.
(00:24:39) Distributed Autonomous Systems for Space
Using distributed autonomous systems in space missions for better coordination.
(00:28:40) Conclusion
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Physicist Matthias Kling studies photons and the things science can do with ultrafast pulses of X-rays. These pulses last just attoseconds – a billionth of a billionth of a second, Kling says. He uses them to create slo-mo “movies” of electrons moving through materials like those used in batteries and solar cells. The gained knowledge could reshape fields like materials science, ultrafast and quantum computers, AI, and medical diagnostics, Kling tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest Matthias Kling, a professor of photon science and applied physics at Stanford University.
(00:02:52) Ultrafast Electronics Overview
The technologies enabling ultrafast photonics and electronic advancements.
(00:05:32) Attosecond Science Applications
Capturing electron and molecular movements with attosecond pulses.
(00:09:31) Photoelectric Effect Insights
Attosecond science’s impact on understanding the photoelectric effect and quantum mechanics.
(00:13:27) Real-Time Molecular Measurements
Using light waves to capture images of molecules at room temperature.
(00:19:32) Future of Ultrafast Electronics
How attosecond light pulses could revolutionize computing with petahertz speed.
(00:23:28) Energy-Efficient Quantum Computing
Potential for room-temperature quantum computers using light wave electronics.
(00:26:33) AI and Machine Learning in Science
AI's role in optimizing research and data collection in ultrafast electronics.
(00:28:51) Real-Time AI Data Analysis
Machine learning enables real-time analysis of massive experimental data.
(00:32:15) Conclusion
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We’re just weeks away from a national election, and in our polarized society, we all know it can be difficult to find and create spaces for thoughtful policy discussions. A couple of years ago, James Fishkin, a professor of communication at Stanford, joined the podcast. He talked about a system called deliberative polling that can serve as a model for structuring small group discussions to help bring people together and bridge differences in conversations about some of the most politically fraught issues. It’s an opportune time to bring this conversation back for another listen and we hope our discussion helps as you go about your conversations through this political season and beyond.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest James Fishkin, a professor of communication at Stanford.
(00:01:31) What is Deliberative Democracy?
The concept of deliberative democracy and how it addresses political divides.
(00:03:47) Managing Balance in Deliberation
The importance of balanced group discussions and strategies for avoiding conflict.
(00:04:55) Scaling Deliberation for Large Groups
The logistics and technology behind scaling to larger groups, both online and in person.
(00:06:54) Deciding Which Questions to Address
How tough issues are selected for deliberation in different locations.
(00:10:54) The Human Element in Deliberation
The surprising effectiveness of online platforms for fostering connection.
(00:13:13) Automated Moderators in Deliberation
The development and success of automated moderators in online deliberations.
(00:19:20) Applying Deliberative Democracy to the U.S.
Whether deliberative polling could help address political deadlock in the U.S.
(00:25:30) The Future of Deliberative Polling
The future possibilities of scaling deliberative polling to larger populations.
(00:27:23) Conclusion
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Astronautics professor Grace Gao is an authority on the Global Positioning System. GPS has long been key to navigation on Earth, she says, but science is now shifting its focus outward to the frontiers of space. Gao is working on a GPS-like system for the Moon. To keep costs low, this lunar positioning system will leverage Earth-based satellites complemented by a network of smaller satellites in lunar orbit. It could lead to autonomous vehicles on the moon and a new era of lunar exploration, Gao tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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Stanford Profile: Grace GaoGrace’s Labe:Stanford NAV Lab
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces Grace Gao, a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at Stanford University.
(00:02:15) GNSS vs. GPS
The difference between GPS and GNSS, and the different global navigation systems.
(00:03:09) How Does GPS Work?
GPS operation, including the role of satellites, ground monitoring stations, and user receivers.
(00:04:07) GPS Signal and Satellites
How GPS uses multiple satellites and how the different global systems collaborate to improve accuracy.
(00:05:23) GPS Challenges in Cities
Issues with GPS in urban environments and the importance of reliability and safety.
(00:07:53) Improving GPS Accuracy
Multimodal sensor fusion helps enhance GPS accuracy in challenging environments.
(00:10:11) Collaboration Among Autonomous Vehicles
The potential for autonomous vehicles to share information for better navigation and safety.
(00:14:07) GPS Safety and Signal Jamming
GPS safety concerns and real-world signal disruption examples.
(00:18:56) GPS in Space Travel
How GNSS and Earth-based GPS systems can support space missions.
(00:25:05) Designing Lunar GPS
The cost and coverage challenges of creating a lunar navigation system.
(00:27:13) Autonomous Moon Rovers
NASA’s plans for collaborative autonomous rovers on the Moon.
(00:30:42) Conclusion
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Sports medicine physician Emily Kraus knows a lot about the health challenges of female athletes. Women face far more ACL tears and bone stress injuries than men, for instance, and excessive training or poor nutrition can also delay puberty and affect menstruation. These differences are vastly understudied, she says. To close the gap, Kraus initiated the “Female Athlete Voice Project” that asks female Olympic and Paralympic athletes about their health experiences. We need to tailor approaches specific to female athletes, Kraus tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’sThe Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces Emily Kraus, a professor of orthopedics at Stanford University and an expert on the issues of women's health.
(00:02:19) Health Challenges for Female Athletes
Prevalent injuries and health issues unique to female athletes.
(00:03:57) Hormonal Health and Puberty
The impact of hormonal health and menstrual cycles on young athletes’ performance.
(00:06:57) Body Composition and Mental Health
The challenges and psychological impact puberty has on young athletes.
(00:08:53) Female Athletes in Adulthood
The lack of research and resources available for female athletes during major life transitions.
(00:12:48) Nutrition, Fueling, and Recovery Science
How science has evolved in understanding nutrition, recovery, and strategic rest.
(00:15:54) Gender Differences in Fueling and Recovering
The differences between male and female athletes in nutrition and recovery.
(00:19:19) Survey of Olympic Athletes
Insights from female Olympians and Paralympians on the key gaps in sports science research.
(00:21:40) The WUSAI Human Performance Alliance
The WUSAI Human Performance Alliance’s focus on uncovering the principles of human performance.
(00:25:35) The Female Athlete Survey
The unexpected findings from the survey, highlighting the sexism and inequity in sports.
(00:27:26) Spreading Knowledge to Athletes and Clinicians
How Emily’s research is being received by the broader athletic and medical communities.
(00:30:00) Conclusion
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Today, we’re bringing you a best-of from our archive of over 250 episodes. We’re all aware that the consequences of climate change range from rising sea levels, to drought, wildfires, economic disruption and the displacement of populations. We’re seeing and living through many of these effects, but is there hope for managing additional risk? A couple years ago we sat down with environmental scientist Chris Field to ask this question. He shared that it’s still possible to pave the way to a sustainable future. Take another listen to this episode to hear more about how he thinks we can do this together.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Chris Field, a professor of earth systems science and biology at Stanford.
(00:01:59) The Status of Climate Change
The current status of global warming and the need for ongoing emissions reductions.
(00:03:17) Understanding CO2 and Temperature
The linear relationship between CO2 emissions and global warming.
(00:05:00) Is Zero Emissions Feasible?
The UN's climate goals and why both mitigation and adaptation are crucial.
(00:06:04) Global Collaboration for Climate Action
The role of both private sector innovations and global political collaboration in climate action.
(00:08:22) Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
Progress made in strategies for mitigating climate change and adapting to its effects.
(00:11:25) Climate Impact on Disasters
How rising temperatures exacerbate coastal flooding and wildfire risks.
(00:14:07) Adaptation to Coastal Flooding
Insights into strategies such as improving infrastructure and planned relocation.
(00:16:47) Adaptation to Wildfires
Assessment of fire management policies and the challenges of wildfire risk in high-risk regions.
(00:19:03) Technological Innovations in Climate Change
The potential for future technological innovations to solve climate change.
(00:20:54) Ukraine Conflict and Climate Change
The surprising connection between the Ukraine conflict and global climate change.
(00:23:41) Individual Impact on Climate Change
How individuals can make contributions to combating climate change in their everyday lives.
(00:25:57) The Role of Young People in Climate Change
The role young people play in the fight against climate change.
(00:27:12) Conclusion
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Taken any selfies lately? Dermatologist Zakia Rahman studies both the science of healthy skin and the effects of the exponential increase in skin images on self-esteem. As a result, skin health is linked to mental health, she says. It’s not about vanity, it’s about vitality, Rahman tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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Stanford Profile: Zakia RahmanStanford Center on LongevityConnect With Us:
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Zakia Rahman, a professor of dermatology at Stanford University.
(00:02:24) The Impact of Digital Technologies
How digital technologies and frequent image exposure affect dermatology and self-perception.
(00:03:40) Effects of Self-Image on Dermatology
Balancing vanity and vitality in modern skincare trends.
(00:05:05) The Role of Lasers in Dermatology
The use of laser technology in dermatology, including types and applications.
(00:08:44) Lasers in Skin Cancer Treatment
How laser technology aids in the treatment and prevention of skin cancer.
(00:10:11) Progress in Skin Cancer
The effectiveness of sun protection measures and how we can better prevent skin cancer.
(00:13:29) Effectiveness of Physical Sun Protection
The protective benefits of everyday clothing versus specialized sun-protective gear.
(00:18:56) Ethnic Differences in Skin Health
The differences in skin health and sun exposure effects across various ethnic groups.
(00:23:43) Aesthetic and Cultural Implications in Skin Care
How cultural perceptions of beauty intersect with skincare and overall health.
(00:26:08) Therapeutic Effects of Light
The potential skincare benefits of red light therapy and its popularity.
(00:28:55) Conclusion
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Arvind Karunakaran studies the intersections of work, AI, and organizational behavior. He says AI can enhance speed and productivity in the short run, yet degrade skills over time. But it is in organizational power dynamics where AI has had its most marked impact, he says, telling host Russ Altman about situations in law firms where AI has fostered tension between paralegals and junior attorneys. It’s AI and the modern workplace on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything Podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Arvind Karunakaran, a professor of management science and engineering at Stanford University.
(00:02:47) Productivity vs. Skill Development
The broader impact of AI on workplace productivity and the potential skill loss among workers.
(00:04:39) New Skills for the AI Era
Whether new skill sets required by AI tools are emerging or if it's still too early to tell.
(00:06:17) AI and Power Dynamics
How AI is influencing authority and power dynamics in the workplace.
(00:09:16) Challenges of Role Re-Design with AI
The need for systemic changes in job roles and organizational structures to accommodate AI.
(00:11:02) Accountability and AI in Decision-Making
The complexities of accountability when AI is involved in decision-making processes.
(00:15:14) Platforms and Power Dynamics
The role of platforms as intermediaries and their impact on authority and power dynamics.
(00:20:28) AI Experimentation in the Workplace
How organizations are experimenting with AI and the importance of trust in these processes.
(00:23:29) Rethinking Training for AI Integration
The necessity of innovative training methods to effectively integrate AI in workplace settings.
(00:25:30) Management Strategies for AI Adoption
Ways managers can approach AI integration in their organizations to foster productivity and innovation
(00:28:12) AI in Gig Work Platforms
Challenges and opportunities AI presents within gig work platforms.
(00:32:20) Conclusion
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We want to wish our listeners in the states a happy Labor Day weekend. We hope, wherever you are, you’re taking some time to savor the last bit of summer. After a couple months full of travel and news about the airplane industry, we can’t help wondering — are there better ways to build airplanes? Our previous guest, Ilan Kroo, an expert in aeronautics, discusses how recent developments in fuels, engines, materials, and computer controls are leading to a new era of airplanes. We hope you’ll tune in and learn something new.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Ilan Kroo, a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at Stanford University.
(00:01:33) The Future of Airplane Design
The technological advancements that are enabling new types of aircraft designs.
(00:03:52) Designing Airplanes with Active Control
Active control systems and their impact on airplane safety and efficiency.
(00:05:03) Personal Flying Vehicles
eVTOL vehicles as a promising future technology for personalized and commercial travel.
(00:06:54) Scaling eVTOL and Air Traffic Control
How companies and regulatory bodies are preparing for the rise of eVTOL vehicles.
(00:10:21) Sustainable Aviation
New engine concepts, composite materials, and sustainable fuels in commercial aviation.
(00:16:42) Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft
Hydrogen's potential as a sustainable fuel source and its impact on airplane design.
(00:19:44) Climate Modelling in Airplane Design
The intersection of climate science and airplane design for a more sustainable future.
(00:22:04) Unconventional Airplane Designs
New designs that may become the future of aviation, with benefits in sustainability and performance.
(00:25:55) Conclusion
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Political scientist Kathryn Stoner is the Director of the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law (CDDRL) at Stanford and an authority on Russian/Ukrainian politics. She says views on the current war depend on which side someone is on: Many Russians and their leader Vladimir Putin say Ukrainians are Russians and have been since the 10th century. Ukrainians strongly disagree, likening the two nations to the U.S. and Great Britain. How the present conflict is resolved has important implications for other former Soviet states and the future of the European Union, as Stoner tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Kathryn Stoner, director of the Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law at Stanford University.
(00:02:09) Historical Context of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict
How historical narratives shape perspectives on the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
(00:05:38) U.S. and International Perspectives
The strategic implications of the Russia-Ukraine conflict for the United States and its historical agreements.
(00:08:49) The Domino Effect and Regional Risks
The potential risks to other former Soviet republics and the concept of the domino effect.
(00:12:43) Democracy in the Post-Soviet States
Analysis of the state of democracy in Ukraine, Georgia, and other former Soviet republics
(00:18:59) The Unexpected Stalemate
Why the Russia-Ukraine war has not gone as expected and the strategic missteps by Russia.
(00:22:39) Domestic Impact in Russia
The impact of the war on Russian public opinion and why Russians are not openly protesting against it.
(00:28:46) Hope for the Future
Potential sources of optimism for the future of Russia and its younger generation.
(00:31:40) Conclusion
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Dan Schwartz is a cognitive psychologist and dean of the Stanford Graduate School of Education. He says that artificial intelligence is a different beast, but he is optimistic about its future in education. “It’s going to change stuff. It’s really an exciting time,” he says. Schwartz imagines a world not where AI is the teacher, but where human students learn by teaching AI chatbots key concepts. It’s called the Protégé Effect, Schwartz says, providing host Russ Altman a glimpse of the future of education on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Dan Schwartz, a professor of education and a dean of the School of Education at Stanford University.
(00:02:06) The Role of AI in Modern Education
The widespread reactions and implications of AI, particularly ChatGPT, in education.
(00:03:22) The Role of Technology in the Classroom
The historical and evolving relationship between technology and education.
(00:05:14) Engaging Students with AI
How AI can enhance student engagement through innovative teaching methods.
(00:08:08) Impact of AI on Student Learning
The balance between AI tools and maintaining educational standards.
(00:13:42) Industry's Role in Educational Technology
Challenges and opportunities in collaborating with educational technology companies.
(00:15:44) Teacher's Role in Adapting to AI
The critical role of teachers in effectively integrating AI into the classroom.
(00:18:39) Assessment and Grading with AI
The potential and concerns of using AI for educational assessment.
(00:22:34) Learning Strategies and Conceptual Understanding
The importance of understanding the underlying concepts rather than just using AI tools.
(00:25:08) Physical Activity and Learning
The connection between physical activity and improved learning outcomes.
(00:29:17) Conclusion
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Today, we’re re-running a fascinating conversation with Sara Singer, a Stanford professor of medicine, and an expert on integrated healthcare. Anyone who’s had to navigate the healthcare system knows it’s extremely complex, and care can often feel disjointed or inefficient. In this episode, Sara highlights new technologies that could improve integration within the healthcare system, ultimately enhancing a practitioners’ ability to care for patients. We hope you’ll take another listen and enjoy.
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(00:00:00) Introduction
Russ Altman introduces guest Sarah Singer, a professor of medicine and organizational behaviour at Stanford University
(00:02:25) Defining Integrated Care
The concept of integrated care and its significance in improving patient experience.
(00:03:37) Global Implementation of Integrated Care
The global challenges and successes in implementing integrated care.
(00:04:45) Cost Implications of Integrated Care
The potential cost-saving benefits of integrated care through efficient coordination.
(00:05:34) COVID-19’s Impact on Healthcare Integration
The pandemic's dual role in exposing challenges and providing opportunities for integrated care.
(00:07:45) The Role of AI in Healthcare's Future
AI’s potential in healthcare and the importance of user collaboration.
(00:09:38) Importance of Iterative Development
The need for continuous collaboration in healthcare technology development.
(00:12:16) Patient Perspectives in Tech Development
The value of integrating patient feedback into healthcare technology.
(00:13:20) Consumer Suggestions for Health Care
How patient feedback has influenced health care improvements.
(00:16:49) Iterative Development of Health Care Technologies
The iterative process of developing health care technologies with continuous input from end users.
(00:24:29) Advice for Healthcare Technologists
Advice for technologists on developing useful and accepted healthcare tools.
(00:27:22) Conclusion
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Psychologist Judy Fan is an expert in how physical objects facilitate learning. In the classroom, these include pencils, pens, paper, and whiteboards. But in any learning situation, the physical world provides tools for learning and communicating, often trumping the speed and reach of today’s digital technologies. These objects are cognitive tools – physical representations of human thought, she says. They help us think, solve problems, and communicate with others better and more effectively, as she tells host Russ Altman in this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
Episode Reference Links:
Stanford Profile: Judy FanConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:
(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Judy Fan, a professor of psychology at Stanford University.
(00:02:02) The Essence of Cognitive Tools
What cognitive tools are and their importance from ancient times to the present.
(00:03:37) Historical Context of Cognitive Tools
The historical evolution of cognitive tools and their role in education.
(00:06:57) Cross-Cultural Insights on Cognitive Tools
The universality of cognitive tools and cross-cultural variations.
(00:12:39) Developmental Trajectories in Visual Communication
How children develop the ability to visually communicate concepts and the differences between cultures.
(00:17:01) The Influence of Cultural Artifacts on Perception
How cultural exposure shapes our perception and depiction of the world.
(00:22:15) The Future of Learning Technologies
The impact of technological advancements on cognitive tools and potential directions for the future.
(00:24:29) Hands-On Learning and Interactive Tools
The importance of interactive learning activities that allow students to engage with scientific processes.
(00:27:44) Enhancing Creative Processes Through Technology
Ways technology can aid creative professionals and the development of tools for high-level experts.
(00:30:44) Bridging Novice and Expert Needs
The challenges of designing technology that serves both novices and experts.
(00:33:19) Conclusion
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From witchcraft to shamans to those with schizophrenia, voices and visions have always been part of human experience and they have always intrigued anthropologist Tanya Luhrmann. She now studies how various cultures understand these mysterious mental phenomena. Luhrmann has observed and talked to hundreds who’ve experienced voices and visions and learned there are “different pathways” to understand them, as she tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
Episode Reference Links:
Stanford Profile: Tanya Marie LuhrmannTanya Luhrmann: WebsiteConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:
(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Tanya Luhrmann, a professor of anthropology at Stanford University.
(00:02:18) Origins of Interest
Tanya shares her background and how it influenced her studies on the human mind and its perceptions.
(00:05:53) Methodologies in Anthropological Research
The methods used to understand experiences like hearing voices and seeing visions.
(00:07:04) Cultural Variability in Human Experiences
How hearing voices varies across cultures, and their implications on mental health.
(00:13:42) The Clinical and Non-Clinical Spectrum
The clinical aspects of hearing voices, and how they are perceived and treated in different contexts.
(00:18:01) Non-Clinical Manifestations and Practice
The influence of practices and beliefs on non-clinical supernatural experiences.
(00:22:24) Characteristics of Leaders
Factors that make certain individuals leaders in perceptual practices.
(00:23:43) AI and Relationships with Chatbots
Parallels between relationships with imagined entities and modern AI chatbots.
(00:28:40) Conclusion
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Whether you’re taking a summer road trip, planning a long plane ride, or simply enjoying walks in the warm weather, we want to take a moment to recommend to you a few recent episodes of The Future of Everything to listen to along the way. You’ll find a list of these episodes in the show notes, but as a brief preview we’ve got conversations on robotics, brain science, cybersecurity, the universe, and exercise waiting for you. If you’re interested in any one of these topics, check out this summer playlist and be sure to download these episodes before you head out for summer fun.
Curated Episode Links:
The future of robotics (Jeannette Bohg): Website / YouTubeThe future of brain science (Sergiu Pasca): Website / YouTubeThe future of cybersecurity (Amy Zegart): Website / YouTubeThe future of the universe (Risa Wechsler): Website / YouTubeThe future of exercise (Jonathan Long): Website / YouTubeConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything Website
Connect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/X
Connect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X
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Alberto Salleo is an expert in the long, chain-like molecules known as polymers. The world relies on polymers and the most common are in plastics. Salleo is now working on a new generation of organic polymers made of Earth-abundant materials that could lead to flexible electronics that can biodegrade or be easily recycled. These polymers could be game-changers, Salleo tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
Episode Reference Links:
Stanford Profile: Alberto SalleoAlberto’s Lab: Salleo Research GroupConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:
(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Alberto Salleo, a professor of materials science and engineering at Stanford University.
(00:03:02) Defining Polymers
A fundamental definition of polymers, emphasizing their structure as long molecules composed of repeating subunits.
(00:04:43) Everyday Applications of Polymers
The commonplace polymers that people encounter daily and their broader impacts.
(00:05:42) Organic Polymers and Electronics
The unique properties of organic polymers, their applications in electronics and potential for biodegradability.
(00:07:52) Advanced Polymer Applications
The development of flexible electronics using organic polymers, including the challenges and current research status.
(00:11:27) Neuromorphic Computing
The role of polymers in neuromorphic computing, highlighting how their properties could mimic brain functions.
(00:14:42) Human-Brain Interface and Computing Applications
The dual potential of polymers in interfacing with human brains and creating new generations of computers.
(00:18:04) Emerging Research and Technologies
The integration of electron microscopy from biology to study polymers and their structures.
(00:22:22) Electron Microscopy and Cryo-EM Techniques
Advanced electron microscopy techniques, such as cryo-EM, to study polymers.
(00:26:19) Electrochemistry and Sustainable Batteries
The application of polymers in electrochemistry, particularly in creating high-density, recyclable batteries.
(00:29:26) Conclusion
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We have another best-of episode for you today. This one is a conversation with Irene Lo about the work she’s doing to study and leverage markets for social impact — think markets for public school assignments, or medical school residency matches. Irene reminds us that markets exist to help effectively allocate limited resources, and not all marketplaces are based in cash. We hope you’ll tune in again to this thought provoking conversation to hear Irene talk about the changing face of markets.
Episode Reference Links:
Stanford Profile: Irene LoConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:
(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Irene Lo, a professor of management science and engineering at Stanford.
(00:03:23) Unique Challenges of Non-Financial Markets
The unique challenges in markets where monetary transactions are not feasible or ethical.
(00:04:21) School Choice and District Perspectives
The multifaceted decisions parents and school districts face in school choice.
(00:06:54) Collaboration with San Francisco School District
Connecting with the San Francisco School District to redesign their student assignment system.
(00:08:27) Algorithms and Testing of School Assignment Policies
The extensive simulations and community engagement involved in testing the new school assignment policies algorithm before implementation.
(00:11:18) Goals and Issues of the Old System
Why the old school assignment system failed to achieve its goals of predictability, proximity, and diversity.
(00:12:52) Algorithm Adaptation for Broader Use
The potential for adapting the San Francisco school assignment algorithms for use in other cities and districts.
(00:14:42) Applying Market Design to Medical Residency Matches
Adapting market design principles to medical residency placements, emphasizing multifactorial considerations.
(00:19:07) Market Design in the Developing World: Indonesian Palm Oil Market
Insights into the challenges and solutions in improving the supply chain for palm oil in Indonesia.
(00:24:08) Crowdsourcing Information
How crowdsourcing information can help improve market efficiency for palm oil farmers and the challenges involved.
(00:26:32) Market Manipulation and Algorithms
The future application of advanced algorithms to improve market dynamics once sufficient data is gathered.
(00:28:08) Conclusion
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Jonathan Long is a biochemist who studies the chemicals produced during exercise. In Long’s world, “you always start with molecules,” which offer “clean handles” to understanding complex processes. His lab has identified a chemical produced in the digestive tract during exercise that can make a person stop eating. Long now studies this “gut-brain axis” for ways to treat obesity, diabetes, and, perhaps, even age-related conditions like dementia, as he tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.
Episode Reference Links:
Stanford Profile: Jonathan Z. LongJonathan’s Lab: LongLab@StanfordStudy on Endocannabinoids and Exercise Motivation: The Endocannabinoid System and Physical ExerciseConnect With Us:
Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:
(00:00:00) Introduction
Host Russ Altman introduces guest Jonathan Long, a professor of pathology at Stanford University
(00:02:30) Effective Weight Loss Drugs
The increase of effective weight loss drugs, and the history and development of these GLP-1 receptor agonists.
(00:04:03) Understanding Metabolism and Exercise
Outline of metabolic chemicals released during physical activity and their potential to combat obesity and diabetes.
(00:05:38) Animal Models in Exercise Studies
The use of animal models in exercise studies and the discovery of Lac-Phe.
(00:07:15) Psychological Preparation for Exercise
The psychological aspects of exercise and the involvement of endocannabinoids in exercise motivation.
(00:09:28) Lac-Phe's Role and Mechanism
The role of Lac-Phe and its production in the gut.
(00:12:21) Differences in Exercise Response
Differences in exercise response between trained athletes and untrained individuals.
(00:13:25) Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases
The relationship between diabetes, exercise, and metabolic diseases.
(00:15:29) Lac-Phe as a Potential Therapeutic
The potential of Lac-Phe as a weight loss drug, and parallels to GLP-1 drug development.
(00:16:48) Importance of How Weight is Lost
Whether the method of weight-loss matters, and the importance of preserving lean muscle mass.
(00:19:40) Exercise as Medicine
The concept of exercise as medicine, and defining physical activity at the same resolution as modern medicines.
(00:22:39) Metformin and Exercise Pathways
The unexpected connection between metformin and the Lac-Phe pathway.
(00:24:08) Prospects of an Exercise Pill
The future of an exercise pill, and the scientific challenges associated with its development.
(00:27:33) Conclusion
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Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything Website
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